Simulation of Green and Clean Electrical Power Generation of a 500 Ton per Day Waste Incineration Plant with High Moisture Content and Low Heating Value

2015 ◽  
Vol 799-800 ◽  
pp. 1244-1248
Author(s):  
Somrat Kerdsuwan ◽  
Krongkaew Laohalidanond
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Waste Incineration ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
High Moisture Content ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
The Impact

With the increasing amount of waste together with the high development of the country, the high amount of waste needed to be treated properly in order to lower the impact to the environment. Waste to Energy through incineration is considered as the appropriated technology to convert green and clean energy from discard matters, especially for the waste that has the mixing composition and has not segregate its composition in the developing country. Therefore, it is essential to simulate its combustion process to see how much of electrical power that can be generated and purpose the appropriated technic in order to improve its efficiency. This research deals with the process simulation of using incineration technology with high moisture content and low heating value in developing country. The simulation of 500 ton per day incineration technology was conducted by the unit operation in Aspen Plus® program in order to forecast the capacity of electricity production and the contaminants in flue gas emission. It was found that, even high moisture content and low heating value of waste, incineration can be one of the solutions to dispose waste properly and can recover green and clean energy in the form of electricity ranging from 3.78-6.29 MWe depending on waste’s quality. This green and clean energy recovery from waste could be used to reduce the using of fossil fuel in order to mitigate the emission of the greenhouse gas to atmosphere.

THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE PARAMETERS ON THE SURFACE OF BUILDINGS’ WALLS

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruta Miniotaite
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Paint Film ◽  
Water Flow Rate ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Water ◽  
Vapor Flow ◽  
High Moisture Content ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
The Impact

The durability of surface layers of enclosures (outside walls of buildings) is highly influenced by stresses occurring in the plane of contact between finishing materials and that of the enclosure. Damage to external walls depends on a high moisture content, which in turn depends on high water absorption during driving rains. One example of such damage is damage due to direct water penetration in homogeneous walls. The other negative effects of a high moisture content are impaired heat insulation and accelerated degradation. This article investigates the external layer of walls and the durability of different paints. In case of bi-laminar system “paint film-the wall being painted” two opposite processes take place: the water flow rate from the outside towards the wall, and the water vapor flow rate of the wall to the outside. The optimum selection of paint is necessary. An investigation of the durability of wall surface paints in a climatic chamber is instructive only after intermediate investigations and measurements of the substrates’ physical and mechanical properties that aid in predetermining durability. The influence of moisture deformations upon degradation of coatings depends on the porosity of surface materials being coated, and on the origin and macrostructure of the coating.

Combining Anaerobic Digestion and Waste-to-Energy

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karena M. Ostrem ◽  
Karsten Millrath ◽  
Nickolas J. Themelis
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Large Fraction ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
High Moisture Content ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Municipal Solid Wastes ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Natural Organic Compounds ◽  
Further Development

A large fraction of the municipal solid wastes (MSW) stream in the U.S. comprises of natural organic compounds (i.e., food and plant wastes) with high moisture content and low heating value. While these properties are undesirable during the combustion of MSW in waste-to-energy (WTE) plants, they are required for anaerobic digestion (AD). During AD, methane gas is produced that can be captured and used for energy generation. The required long residence times limit the throughput of an AD plant but further development may result in increasing the rates of bioreactions. This paper introduces current AD practices and identifies possible synergies between AD and WTE. It is suggested that co-siting of WTE and AD facilities may result in mutual benefits.

scholarly journals Preliminary Study on Drying of Stingless Bee Pot Pollen Using Novel Fluidized Bed Dryer with Swirling Distributor

2018 ◽  
Vol 225 ◽  
pp. 04007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luqman Abdul Halim ◽  
Firdaus Basrawi ◽  
Jia Zheng Chong ◽  
Ahmed Nurye Oumer ◽  
Ahmmad Shukrie Md Yudin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Temperature Rise ◽  
Stingless Bees ◽  
Stingless Bee ◽  
High Moisture Content ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Fluidized Bed Dryer ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
The Impact

High moisture content in raw pot pollen increases the activity of microorganisms, thus promotes fermentation and causes rapid deterioration. Hence, the objective of this study is to dry stingless bees pot pollen by a novel fluidized bed dryer. The experimental analysis was conducted based on flowrate, airflow temperature, power consumption and sample mass. It was found that the mass of pot pollen can be reduced by 6.86 % in 30 minutes of drying operation. The temperature rise is also minimal up to average of 31.5°C. This significantly reduced the impact of drying not only to the nutrients, but also the flavour and aroma. Moreover, the total energy consumed is 212.57 Wh, which is considered low. Hence, this preliminary study showed the feasibility of drying pot pollen using a novel fluidized bed dryer.

Comparison Proximate Analysis and Heating Value between Cassava Rhizome and Perennial Wood

2011 ◽  
Vol 415-417 ◽  
pp. 1693-1696
Author(s):  
Jarinee Jongpluempiti ◽  
Kiatfa Tangchaichit
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
High Moisture Content ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Fixed Carbon ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Residue Biomass ◽  
Cassava Crop ◽  
Proximate Analyses

Cassava is one of the most important crops in Nakhon Ratchasima province which grows the most cassava in the Northeast of Thailand. Therefore, a large amount of cassava rhizome is left in the field after harvest. The objectives of this research were to study the potential of using residue biomass from the cassava crop i.e. cassava rhizomes. The physical properties and heating value of the cassava rhizomes were evaluated and compared with perennials. The analysis consisted of proximate analysis to measure moisture content, ash, volatile matter and fixed carbon. Heating values were measured using the IKA*C5003 automatic bomb calorimeter. The results were that for high moisture content of about 49-52% the cassava rhizomes had properties inferior to the perennials. When the moisture content of the rhizomes was reduced until around 12%, the properties were equivalent to those of wood samples that had about 2% moisture content. The proximate analyses gave ash 1.8-2.8%, volatile matter 72-75% and fixed carbon 9-13%. Moreover, its average heating values were around 17.08 MJ/kg, while the wood samples were around 17.78 MJ/kg. It appears that cassava rhizome has a high potential as an energy source. Using it to replace wood fuel is possible but it is necessary to reduce the moisture content to an appropriate level.

scholarly journals Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) characterization for possible Waste-to-Energy (WtE) conversion in Zambia

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian C Mushimba
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
High Moisture Content ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Cement Manufacturing

Coal has traditionally been relied upon as a good source of bulk energy in many pyro processes especially in cement manufacturing and thermal power generation. In Zambia, cement manufacturing, a key and growing industry, uses coal as the main source of energy for the pyro process in the cement kiln that converts raw materials to a semi-finished product called clinker. Despite the advantages that coal has over other sources of energy in this market including its high energy content and its easy accessibility, burning coal has significant known and documented disadvantages especially towards the environment and human health that give way to dissenting views on its continued use. In attempts to address the environmental effects of coal usage in cement manufacturing and consequently contribute to the lowering of production costs, Cement manufacturing companies have been pursuing the possibilities of coal substitution with Municipal Solid Waste (MSW). The MSW should however; conform to certain standards before it can be used in the substitution in order not to affect the quality of cement produced. This paper sought to characterize the Municipal Solid Waste in Lusaka to ascertain its conformity to internationally recognized standards in order to be used in coal substitution. The results show that the characterization of MSW showed that it could be a viable substitute for coal burning in cement manufacturing in Zambia. Apart from the high moisture content in the rainy season, the other readings were all favorable to its use as an alternate energy source. The high moisture content meant that during the pre-treatment for possible use in the cement manufacturing, pretreatment processes could be employed to help align the moisture content before its use as the substitute for coal in cement manufacturing.

scholarly journals Update on waste reduction performance by waste-to-energy incineration pilot plant PLTSa Bantargebang operations

2021 ◽  
Vol 922 (1) ◽  
pp. 012059
Author(s):  
I P A Kristyawan ◽  
Wiharja ◽  
A Shoiful ◽  
P A Hendrayanto ◽  
A D Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Waste Reduction ◽  
Alternative Solution ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
High Moisture Content ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
First Semester

Abstract Many big cities in Indonesia are facing the problem of municipal solid waste (MSW) disposal. PLTSa Merah Putih, a waste-to-energy incineration pilot plant, was built as an alternative solution to reduce waste. This study aims to evaluate the performance of PLTSa Merah Putih Bantargebang in reducing volume of waste. During the first semester of 2021, the pilot plant has been running for 174 days and a total of 5647.1 ton of waste was burned generating around 1000 ton of ash. Based on the feeding waste and generated ash, the pilot plant can reduce over 79% of waste, even with high moisture content. The furnace and grate temperature can be maintained at 800°C and 1000°C, respectively, to minimize harmful gases generation. This study showed that the waste reduction of PLTSa was comparable with the performance of other waste-to-energy pilot plants, which is in the range of 70-90%.

Drying kinetics of processed natural coffee with high moisture content

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valdiney Cambuy Siqueira ◽  
Flávio Meira Borém ◽  
Guilherme Euripedes Alves ◽  
Eder Pedroza Isquierdo ◽  
Afonso Celso Ferreira Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Drying Kinetics ◽  
High Moisture Content ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Kinetics Of

Objetivou-se, com o presente trabalho, propor um novo método de processamento e secagem, assim como avaliar o comportamento dos grãos submetidos a este processo, por meio da taxa de redução de água e do ajuste de diferentes modelos matemáticos aos dados experimentais da secagem. Os frutos colhidos no estágio maduro foram divididos em três lotes. O primeiro foi seco continuamente à temperatura de 40±1 °C. O segundo consiste na secagem do café natural até os teores de água de 0,56±0,02, 0,41±0,02, 0,28±0,02 e 0,20±0,02 decimal (base seca, b.s.), seguido de beneficiamento e secagem contínua nas temperaturas de 35±1 ºC e 40±1 ºC. O terceiro lote correspondeu à secagem contínua do café descascado e desmucilado na temperatura de 40±1 °C. Em todos os lotes, a secagem foi encerrada quando os grãos atingiram o teor de água de 0,12±0,05 (b.s.). Aos dados experimentais da secagem foram ajustados dez modelos matemáticos utilizados para representação da secagem dos produtos agrícolas. Além da representação da cinética de secagem foi avaliada a taxa de redução de água dos grãos. Conclui-se que a taxa de redução de água é maior para a temperatura de secagem de 40±1 °C, especialmente para maiores teores de água. O tempo total de secagem do café beneficiado com alto teor de água é expressivamente reduzido, quando comparado ao tempo de secagem completa do café natural. O modelo de Midilli descreve satisfatoriamente a cinética de secagem do café beneficiado.

Optimization of drying of low-grade coal with high moisture content using a disc dryer

2014 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 267-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung-Hyun Moon ◽  
In-Soo Ryu ◽  
Seung-Jae Lee ◽  
Tae-In Ohm
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Moisture Content ◽  
High Moisture
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