Thermal Property of Eutectic Molten Salts by Using Thermogravimetric Analyzer (TGA)

2015 ◽  
Vol 1113 ◽  
pp. 611-614
Author(s):  
Fuzieah Subari ◽  
Saidatul Asmah Jefire ◽  
Aiman Zawawi ◽  
Hafizul Faiz Maksom ◽  
Mohamad Afizan Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Melting Point ◽  
Thermal Property ◽  
Molten Salts ◽  
High Stability ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Heat Transfer Fluid ◽  
Lithium Nitrate ◽  
Solar Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analyzer ◽  
Major Weight Loss

The thermal property of new composition of eutectic molten salt was investigated to obtain low melting point and better stability at temperature of 500°C as heat transfer fluid in solar thermal energy system. The NaCl used was purified from seawater. The eutectic molten salts were prepared in ten different weight ratios and experiments were carried out using nitrogen as inert gas with heating of 10°C/min to the temperature from 25°C to 500°C. Experimental results indicated that all mixtures exhibited low melting point (<163°C) and high stability. The thermal degradation of LiNO3, NaNO3, KNO3 and NaCl exhibit in the DTG profiles respectively. From the present study it can be concluded that major weight loss of the system is due to the dissociation of lithium nitrate to lithium oxides.

STUDIES ON THE THERMODYNAMICS AND CONDUCTANCES OF MOLTEN SALTS AND THEIR MIXTURES: PART IV. THE ELECTRICAL CONDUCTANCES OF MOLTEN LITHIUM CHLORATE AND OF ITS MIXTURES WITH PROPYL ALCOHOL, LITHIUM NITRATE, WATER, METHYL ALCOHOL, AND LITHIUM HYDROXIDE

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
pp. 1984-1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Campbell ◽  
D. F. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Methyl Alcohol ◽  
Molten Salts ◽  
Electrical Conductance ◽  
Lithium Hydroxide ◽  
Lithium Nitrate ◽  
Propyl Alcohol ◽  
Electrical Conductances ◽  
Molten Lithium

The electrical conductance and its temperature dependence of molten lithium chlorate have been determined. Similar results have been obtained for lithium chlorate melts containing small quantities of methyl alcohol, propyl alcohol, lithium nitrate, lithium hydroxide, and water.The results obtained, taken in conjunction with the results of previous work, all indicate that the melt is complex. There is probably considerable association and this is especially evident slightly above the melting point: at temperatures in this region the temperature change of the properties of the lithium chlorate melt is greatest.The activation energy of conductance is approximately the same as the activation energy of viscous flow, for pure lithium chlorate melt and for mixtures of lithium chlorate with lithium nitrate. From this it appears that the melt constituents are not principally the simple ions, but that some form of cohesion exists between the simple constituents of the melt.The addition of water to the lithium chlorate melt causes the melt properties to alter considerably, especially the transport properties, viscosity and conductance. It is suggested that these changes may in part be due to a breakup of the structural entities of the pure melt, though the increase in electrical conductance cannot be completely explained in this way. A cryoscopic investigation seems to indicate that water is •not present as such in the melt.

STUDIES ON THE THERMODYNAMICS AND CONDUCTANCES OF MOLTEN SALTS AND THEIR MIXTURES: PART III. DENSITIES, MOLAR VOLUMES, VISCOSITIES, AND SURFACE TENSIONS OF MOLTEN LITHIUM CHLORATE, WITH SMALL ADDITIONS OF WATER, AND OTHER SUBSTANCES

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
pp. 1778-1787 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Campbell ◽  
D. F. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Temperature Change ◽  
Molten Salts ◽  
Surface Heat ◽  
Lithium Nitrate ◽  
Molar Volumes ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
Molten Lithium

The density (2.088 g ce−1) at 131.8 °C and viscosity (0.35 P at 131.8 °C) and their temperature dependence, of molten lithium chlorate, have been determined. Similar results have been obtained for lithium chlorate melts containing small quantities of water. The surface tension and its temperature dependence have been determined for lithium chlorate and for several lithium chlorate – water and lithium chlorate – lithium nitrate mixtures. From these measurements the surface heat has been calculated.The results for pure lithium chlorate indicate that the melt is complex, this complexity probably caused by association of some kind. This is especially evident just above the melting point, since there the temperature change in properties is greatest.Addition of water to the lithium chlorate melt causes the melt properties, especially the viscosity, to alter considerably. These changes are in part caused by a breakdown of the structural entities in the melt.

Thermal Analysis of Quaternary Molten Nitrate Salts Mixture for Energy Recovery System

2019 ◽  
Vol 796 ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
Mohd Faizal Tukimon ◽  
Wan Nur Azrina Wan Muhammad ◽  
M. Nor Anuar Mohamad ◽  
Nurhayati Rosly ◽  
Norasikin Mat Isa
Keyword(s):  
Heat Capacity ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Specific Heat ◽  
Specific Heat Capacity ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Heat Transfer Fluid ◽  
Energy Recovery System ◽  
Recovery System ◽  
Nitrate Salts ◽  
High Specific Heat

Quaternary molten salt nitrate have been used very practically as medium for energy storage or heat transfer fluid in terms of energy recovery system. Quaternary molten salt nitrate is a mixture that can transfer heat to generate energy such as electricity. Mixed alkaline molten nitrate salt can act as a heat transfer fluid due to their advantageous in terms of heat recovery system due to high specific heat capacity, low vapour pressure, low cost and wide range of temperature in its application. This studies shows about determining the new composition of quaternary molten nitrate salts from different primary salts that can possibly give a high specific heat capacity with low melting point. The mixture of quaternary molten nitrate salts was then heated inside the box furnace at 150°C for four hours and rose up the temperature to 400°C for eight hours. Through heating process, the quaternary molten nitrate alkaline was completely homogenized. The temperature was then dropped to room temperature before removing the mixture from the furnace. The specific heat capacities of each sample were determined by using Differential Scanning Calorimeter, DSC. From the result of DSC testing, Sample 6 gives the highest point of specific heat capacity and low melting point which is 0.4648 J/g°C and 97.71°C respectively. In the nut shell, Sample 6 was chosen as a good mixture with good thermal properties that has a low melting point which is below 100°C but high specific heat capacity that may be a helpful in the application energy recovery system.

Isotopic Effect on the Melting Point of Lithium Nitrate

1970 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 697-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bert Jansson ◽  
Arnold Lundén
Keyword(s):  
Melting Point ◽  
Isotope Effects ◽  
Zone Melting ◽  
Isotopic Effect ◽  
Lithium Nitrate ◽  
Lithium Metal ◽  
Self Diffusion ◽  
Fee Structure ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Self Diffusion Coefficient

The techniques of segregation during normal freezing and of zone melting have been used to establish that the melting point of 6LiNO3 is higher than that of 7LiNO3. The difference is of the order of 0.03 °C. The isotope shift of the melting point is in the opposite direction of the isotope effects found previously for phase transitions in solid lithium metal and lithium sulfate. For the latter salt a recalculation based on a more accurate value for the self-diffusion coefficient shows that the temperature of transition at about 575 °C to a fee structure is about 0.08 degr. lower for 6Li2SO4 than for 7Li2SO4.

Liquidus Temperature of xNaF/AlF3–Al2O3–CaF2–MgF2–KF-y (LiAlO2/LiF) Molten Salts Energy System in Aluminum Electrolysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-86
Author(s):  
Zhao Fang ◽  
Yangyang Dang ◽  
Jiaxin Peng ◽  
Zexun Han ◽  
Nani Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquidus Temperature ◽  
Molten Salts ◽  
Aluminum Electrolysis ◽  
Energy System

Synthesis and Thermal Property of Poly(Allylamine Hydrochloride)

2010 ◽  
Vol 150-151 ◽  
pp. 1480-1483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Chi Zhao ◽  
Xiu Ting Wu ◽  
Wei Wei Tian ◽  
Shi Tong Ren
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Property ◽  
Chemical Shifts ◽  
Hydrogen Atoms ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometer ◽  
Vibration Absorption ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analyzer ◽  
Stretching Vibration ◽  
Peak Areas ◽  
Infrared Spectrometer ◽  
Allylamine Hydrochloride

Poly(allylamine phosphate) (PAP) was synthesized by solution polymerization using allylamine phosphate (AP) as monomer, 2,2’-azo-bis-2-amidinopropane dihydrochloride (AAP•2HCl) as initiator, respectively. PAP reacted with concentrated hydrochloric acid and it converted into poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH). The effects of varying the concentrations of initiator and monomer on the polymerization conversion were investigated in detail. The chemical structure and thermal property of the polymer were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer (NMR), thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), X-ray diffractmeter (XRD), respectively. PAH was prepared because of the disappearance of the stretching vibration absorption peaks and deformation vibration absorption peak of C-H bonds in -C=CH2 at 3020cm-1, 3085cm-1 and 1310cm-1 in the FTIR spectra. The three peak areas and their chemical shifts were consistent with the three kinds of hydrogen atoms in polymer formula in 1H NMR spectrum, which proved that PAH was synthesized. PAH had three decomposing stages and it decomposed completely at 700oC. The glass transition temperature (Tg) of PAH increased with decreasing concentration of initiator. The conversion of monomer increased with the increasing concentrations of initiator and monomer.

Molten lithium nitrate-potassium nitrate eutectic: the reaction of chromium(II) chloride

1982 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
pp. 2353 ◽  
Author(s):  
DH Kerridge ◽  
SA Tariq
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Lithium Nitrate ◽  
Gaseous Nitrogen ◽  
Chromium Vi ◽  
Yellow Solution ◽  
Molten Lithium ◽  
Green Precipitate ◽  
Orange Solution

The strong reducing agent chromium(II) chloride reacted rapidly in molten lithium nitrate-potassium nitrate, at or above the melting point of the eutectic, initially forming a dark-brown-black solution [probably containing chromium(III) and chromium(VI)] and gaseous nitrogen dioxide, but at 200�C giving a green precipitate (Cr2O3) and an orange solution of dichromate. Above 450�C, a further slow reaction converted both compounds into a yellow solution of chromate(VI) containing nitrite partly formed by thermal decomposition of the nitrate.

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