Structure of molten salts near the melting point

1961 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuo Furukawa
Keyword(s):  
Melting Point ◽  
Molten Salts

STUDIES ON THE THERMODYNAMICS AND CONDUCTANCES OF MOLTEN SALTS AND THEIR MIXTURES: PART IV. THE ELECTRICAL CONDUCTANCES OF MOLTEN LITHIUM CHLORATE AND OF ITS MIXTURES WITH PROPYL ALCOHOL, LITHIUM NITRATE, WATER, METHYL ALCOHOL, AND LITHIUM HYDROXIDE

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
pp. 1984-1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Campbell ◽  
D. F. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Methyl Alcohol ◽  
Molten Salts ◽  
Electrical Conductance ◽  
Lithium Hydroxide ◽  
Lithium Nitrate ◽  
Propyl Alcohol ◽  
Electrical Conductances ◽  
Molten Lithium

The electrical conductance and its temperature dependence of molten lithium chlorate have been determined. Similar results have been obtained for lithium chlorate melts containing small quantities of methyl alcohol, propyl alcohol, lithium nitrate, lithium hydroxide, and water.The results obtained, taken in conjunction with the results of previous work, all indicate that the melt is complex. There is probably considerable association and this is especially evident slightly above the melting point: at temperatures in this region the temperature change of the properties of the lithium chlorate melt is greatest.The activation energy of conductance is approximately the same as the activation energy of viscous flow, for pure lithium chlorate melt and for mixtures of lithium chlorate with lithium nitrate. From this it appears that the melt constituents are not principally the simple ions, but that some form of cohesion exists between the simple constituents of the melt.The addition of water to the lithium chlorate melt causes the melt properties to alter considerably, especially the transport properties, viscosity and conductance. It is suggested that these changes may in part be due to a breakup of the structural entities of the pure melt, though the increase in electrical conductance cannot be completely explained in this way. A cryoscopic investigation seems to indicate that water is •not present as such in the melt.

Refractive Index Measurements of Molten Salts with Wave-Front-Shearing Interferometry

1967 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 1363-1366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lennart W. Wendelöv ◽  
Silas E. Gustafsson ◽  
Nils-Olov Halling ◽  
Rolf A. E. Kjellander
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Wave Front ◽  
Molten Salts ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Shearing Interferometry ◽  
Order Dependence ◽  
Decomposition Point ◽  
Estimated Error

A wave-front-shearing interferometer has been used to determine the refractive index of the alkali nitrates LiNO3, NaNO3, KNO3, RbNO3, and CsNO3 from the melting point to a temperature just below the decomposition point. The accuracy of these measurements has been estimated to ±3·10-5 which should be compared with ±3·10–3, being the estimated error in earlier determinations. The refractive index is found to depend almost linearly on temperature. For most of the investigated liquids, however, one gets a better fit to the measured values if a second order dependence is assumed.

Study on Modification of Hitec Molten Salt and its Properties Tests

2014 ◽  
Vol 1073-1076 ◽  
pp. 66-72
Author(s):  
Wei Zhai ◽  
Guang Ming Liu ◽  
Fei Yu ◽  
Yuan Kui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Molten Salt ◽  
Latent Heat ◽  
Molten Salts ◽  
Heat Storage ◽  
Heat Of Fusion ◽  
Temperature Heat ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

In this paper, additive A and additive B were added into Hitec molten salts in order to optimize the properties of the molten salt. The melting point, latent heat of phase transformation, specific heat capacity, thermal gravity, and thermal stability of the modified Hitec molten salt was characterized. The results showed that compare to Hitec molten salt the modified Hitec molten salt showed low melting point, proper latent heat of phase transformation, greater heat of fusion, wide using temperature range and other advantages. The modified molten salt had good thermal properties and thermal stability. This modified Hitec molten salt has good application prospect in the aspect of high temperature heat storage/transfer.

A Literature Review on Novel Nitrate Molten Salt for Heat Storage

2021 ◽  
Vol 881 ◽  
pp. 87-94
Author(s):  
Jin Hua Chen
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Heat Capacity ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Specific Heat ◽  
Molten Salt ◽  
Specific Heat Capacity ◽  
Molten Salts ◽  
Heat Storage ◽  
Stability Limit ◽  
Capacity Enhancement

Reducing the melting point, in creasing the thermal stability limit, and enhancing the specific heat capacity of molten salt are the research hotspots in the field of medium and high temperature energy storage in recent years. From the perspectives of the melting point, thermal stability limit, and specific heat capacity of nitrates, we summarize the melting point, thermal stability limit, and specific heat capacity enhancement of molten salts with different compositions and ratios. The melting points of molten salt with different compositions and ratios are compared. Furthermore, the enhancing effect of various nanomaterials on molten salt is elucidated. The application of nitrate molten salt is also summarized to provide a reference for the research and application of novel molten salts. Keywords: Nitrate Molten Salt; Melting Point; Thermal Stability Limit; Specific Heat Capacity; Application

The Determination of Thermal Diffusivities of Thermal Energy Storage Materials: Part II—Molten Salts Beyond the Melting Point

1969 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Sreenivasan ◽  
M. Altman
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Diffusivity ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Sodium Nitrate ◽  
Lithium Fluoride ◽  
Molten Salts ◽  
Liquid Lithium ◽  
Energy Storage Materials ◽  
Flux Measurements ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Thermal Diffusivities

A quasisteady method for measuring the thermal diffusivity of molten salts at temperatures above their melting point is described. Essentially, the difference between the temperature at the surface and at the center of a cylindrical container is measured for a constant rate of surface temperature rise. The liquid, whose thermal diffusivity is to be measured, is contained in a narrow annular groove concentric with the surface. The advantages of this method are: (a) no heat flux measurements are needed; (b) no liquid temperature need be measured; (c) theoretically assumed boundary conditions can be experimentally realized; (d) absence of convection can be experimentally verified. Results of measurements are reported for liquid lithium fluoride and sodium nitrate. The results for sodium nitrate agree with previously published results. The thermal conductivity of lithium fluoride can be empirically expressed in terms of the melting point, the molecular weight and the density, as k=0.9Tm1/2ρm2/3M−7/6

Towards a Better Understanding of 'Delocalized Charge' in Ionic Liquid Anions

2007 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina I. Izgorodina ◽  
Maria Forsyth ◽  
Douglas R. MacFarlane
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Proton Affinity ◽  
Molten Salts ◽  
Charge Delocalization ◽  
Range Of Values

One of the main characteristics that are attributed to ionic liquids (especially those with a low melting point) is that the anions comprising the ionic liquids possess a certain degree of charge delocalization as compared to anions in traditional molten salts. Based on the proton affinity equilibrium we proposed a new energetic criterion that can be used as a measure of charge delocalization. The proposed proton affinity comparison quantifies the extent to which ionic liquid anions are delocalized. Thus it should lead to a better understanding towards the design of task-specific ionic liquids. Therefore, this criterion can be applied to newly designed anions to assure that the extent of charge delocalization falls within the same range of values on the proton affinity scale as other commonly used ionic liquid anions.

Thermal Property of Eutectic Molten Salts by Using Thermogravimetric Analyzer (TGA)

2015 ◽  
Vol 1113 ◽  
pp. 611-614
Author(s):  
Fuzieah Subari ◽  
Saidatul Asmah Jefire ◽  
Aiman Zawawi ◽  
Hafizul Faiz Maksom ◽  
Mohamad Afizan Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Melting Point ◽  
Thermal Property ◽  
Molten Salts ◽  
High Stability ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Heat Transfer Fluid ◽  
Lithium Nitrate ◽  
Solar Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analyzer ◽  
Major Weight Loss

The thermal property of new composition of eutectic molten salt was investigated to obtain low melting point and better stability at temperature of 500°C as heat transfer fluid in solar thermal energy system. The NaCl used was purified from seawater. The eutectic molten salts were prepared in ten different weight ratios and experiments were carried out using nitrogen as inert gas with heating of 10°C/min to the temperature from 25°C to 500°C. Experimental results indicated that all mixtures exhibited low melting point (<163°C) and high stability. The thermal degradation of LiNO3, NaNO3, KNO3 and NaCl exhibit in the DTG profiles respectively. From the present study it can be concluded that major weight loss of the system is due to the dissociation of lithium nitrate to lithium oxides.

Preparation and Heat Transfer/Thermal Storage Properties of High-Temperature Molten Nitrate Salts

2015 ◽  
Vol 814 ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
Hong Tao Zhang ◽  
You Jing Zhao ◽  
Jing Li Li ◽  
Li Jie Shi ◽  
Min Wang
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Latent Heat ◽  
Sodium Nitrate ◽  
Molten Salts ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Nitrate Salts ◽  
Latent Heat Of Melting

The thermal stability of molten salts, operating temperature range and latent heat of melting for the molten salts at high temperature have been studied in the present investigation. The multi-component molten salts composed of purified potassium nitrate, purified sodium nitrate were prepared by statical mixing method [1]. The stability experiments were carried out at 500 to 600°C, and the experimental result showed that the purified nitrate molten salts performed better high-temperature thermal stability and its optimum operating temperature was increased from 500°C to 550°C. DSC analysis indicated that the purified nitrate molten had a lower melting point and a higher phase change latent heat. The melting point of purified binary nitrate molten salts was sharp decreased to 225.2°C and latent heat of melting for molten salts was also reduced from 78.41J/g to 81.15J/g compared with unpurified nitrate salts. Besides, the change in the concentration of impurities by analyzing in the binary molten salts, and combination of XRD test results can be found that the degree of degradation reduce and improve the thermal efficiency of the storage of binary molten salts by purified sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document