Study on Short-Cut Nitrification Aerobic Granular Sludge Cultivation and Carbon-Nitrogen Removal

2010 ◽  
Vol 113-116 ◽  
pp. 2305-2309
Author(s):  
Jing Xiang Fu ◽  
Yu Lan Tang ◽  
Xing Guan Ma ◽  
Yu Hua Zhao ◽  
Hai Biao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Aerobic Granular Sludge ◽  
Seed Sludge ◽  
Cod Removal Rate

Acclimation of short-cut nitrification aerobic granular sludge with aerobic granular sludge and nitrification sludge as seed sludge in a sequencing batch reactor(SBR) by controlling the pH, influent ammonia concentration, temperature and other conditions. Experimental results showed that the short-cut nitrification aerobic granular sludge with high ammonia and COD removal rate (95%) was formed successfully, and SBR can run long-term stably. DO at 6.0~8.0mg/L when the nitrosation rate remained stable at 50% ~ 60%, and lower DO levels within the reactor (2.0~3.0mg/L) nitrosation rates of up to 90%. Mature short-cut nitrification aerobic granular sludge average diameter of 2~3mm in between, MLSS of up to 10.162g/L, SVI minimum up to 22.63ml/g, moisture content is only 81.93%, total nitrogen removal rate of 40%, and carbon-nitrogen removal capability.

Treatment of high loaded swine slurry in an aerobic granular reactor

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (9) ◽  
pp. 1808-1814 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Figueroa ◽  
A. Val del Río ◽  
J. L. Campos ◽  
A. Mosquera-Corral ◽  
R. Méndez
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Aerobic Granular Sludge ◽  
Swine Slurry ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Removal Efficiencies

Aerobic granular sludge grown in a sequential batch reactor was proposed as an alternative to anaerobic processes for organic matter and nitrogen removal from swine slurry. Aerobic granulation was achieved with this wastewater after few days from start-up. On day 140 of operation, the granular properties were: 5 mm of average diameter, SVI of 32 mL (g VSS)−1 and density around 55 g VSS (Lgranule)−1. Organic matter removal efficiencies up to 87% and nitrogen removal efficiencies up to 70% were achieved during the treatment of organic and nitrogen loading rates (OLR and NLR) of 4.4 kg COD m−3 d−1 and of 0.83 kg N m−3 d−1, respectively. However, nitrogen removal processes were negatively affected when applied OLR was 7.0 kg COD m−3 d−1 and NLR was 1.26 kg N m−3 d−1. The operational cycle of the reactor was modified by reducing the volumetric exchange ratio from 50 to 6% in order to be able to treat the raw slurry without dilution.

Research of Carbon and Nitrogen Ratio and Sludge Stability in Aerobic Granular Sludge Bioreactor

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 473-477
Author(s):  
Xia Zhao ◽  
Hui Xia Feng ◽  
Feng Jiang ◽  
Na Li Chen ◽  
Xiao Chun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Aerobic Granular Sludge ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
The Stability

In sequencing batch reactor aerobic granular sludge was cultivated, and the influence of influent C/N ratio to aerobic granular sludge was studied. The results showed that the granulation and the settling ability of the sludge were poor in high C/N, however, low C/N was beneficial to the accumulation of microorganism in reactor and MLSS could reach to as high as 8740 mg/L. Lower C/N ratio would lead to increase of particle size and disintegrate of loose structure and overgrowth on filamentous microbe, these were disadvantage of the stability of the system. It was not obvious that influent C/N ratio affected on the organic removal. The COD removal maintained at 87% after the preliminary form particles were formed in reactor. When C/N ratio was 100:15~100:35, the phosphorus removal efficiency was good. If C/N ratio was too high or too low, the formation of sludge granulation would be affected in the process. The influence of C/N ratio to ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency was obvious. While C/N ratio was 100:10, granular sludge had good simultaneous nitrification and denitrification performance, and the average removal of ammonia nitrogen attained to 91%. But low C/N ratio was able to inhibit the activity of nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria. At that time, ammonia nitrogen removal rate declined sharply in the system.

Rapid start-up of a nitrifying reactor using aerobic granular sludge as seed sludge

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 581-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naohiro Kishida ◽  
Goro Saeki ◽  
Satoshi Tsuneda ◽  
Ryuichi Sudo
Keyword(s):  
Removal Rate ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Ammonia Removal ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Aerobic Granular Sludge ◽  
Nitrite Accumulation ◽  
Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria ◽  
Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Seed Sludge

In this study, the effectiveness of aerobic granular sludge as seed sludge for rapid start-up of nitrifying processes was investigated using a laboratory-scale continuous stirred-tank reactor (CSTR) fed with completely inorganic wastewater which contained a high concentration of ammonia. Even when a large amount of granular biomass was inoculated in the reactor, and the characteristics of influent wastewater were abruptly changed, excess biomass washout was not observed, and biomass concentration was kept high at the start-up period due to high settling ability of the aerobic granular sludge. As a result, an ammonia removal rate immediately increased and reached more than 1.0 kg N/m3/d within 20 days and up to 1.8 kg N/m3/d on day 39. Subsequently, high rate nitritation was stably attained during 100 days. However, nitrite accumulation had been observed for 140 days before attaining complete nitrification to nitrate. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis revealed the increase in amount of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria which existed in the outer edge of the granular sludge during the start-up period. This microbial ecological change would make it possible to attain high rate ammonia removal.

Exploration of rapid start-up of the CANON process from activated sludge inoculum in a sequencing biofilm batch reactor (SBBR)

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 535-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yangfan Deng ◽  
Xiaoling Zhang ◽  
Ying Miao ◽  
Bo Hu
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Nitrite Accumulation ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Fast Start ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Canon Process

In this study, a laboratory-scale sequencing biofilm batch reactor (SBBR) was employed to explore a fast start-up of completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) process. Partial nitrification was achieved by controlling free ammonia concentration and operating at above 30 °C; then the reactor was immediately operated with alternating periods of aerobiosis and anaerobiosis to start the anammox process. The CANON process was successfully achieved in less than 50 d, and the total-nitrogen removal efficiency and the nitrogen removal rate were 81% and 0.14 kg-N m−3 d−1 respectively. Afterwards, with the increasing of ammonium loading rate a maximum nitrogen removal rate of 0.39 kg-N m−3 d−1 was achieved on day 94. DNA analysis showed that ‘Candidatus Brocadia’ was the dominant anammox species and Nitrosomonas was the dominant aerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria in the CANON reactor. This study revealed that due to shortening the persistent and stable nitrite accumulation period the long start-up time of the CANON process can be significantly reduced.

Effects of carbon source on N2O production in the process of simultaneous nitrification and denitrifica-tion via nitrite by aerobic granular sludge

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Liang ◽  
Xue Li ◽  
Shanshan Wang ◽  
Dawen Gao
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Aerobic Granular Sludge ◽  
N Removal

A sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was used to study the effect of carbon source (C6H12O6 and CH3COONa) and C/N ratio (C/N=4:1 and C/N=7:1) on the production of nitrous oxide (N2O) in the process of simultaneous nitrifica-tion and denitrification via nitrite (short-cut SND) by aerobic granular sludge and the removal efficiency of nitrogen under low dissolved oxygen (DO). The results showed that short-cut SND occurred in this system, and the removal ef-ficiency of total nitrogen (TN) at C6H12O6 and CH3COONa were 28.93 % and 41.19 %, respectively. However, the production of N2O significantly increased when CH3COONa was used as a carbon source. In addition, the rate of N2O release when CH3COONa was a carbon source was 8.34 times the rate when C6H12O6 was the carbon source. With the increase of C/N, removal rate of TN and the efficiency of the short-cut SND were increased. The removal efficiency of TN at C/N=7:1 was 90.33%, which was 2.19 times at C/N=4:1. The percentage of short-cut SND at C/N=4:1 and C/N=7:1 were 87.47% and 95.97%, respectively. The release rate of N2O from the original 1.14 mg/(g • min) decreased to 0.10 mg/(g • min) after increased the C/N from 4:1 to 7:1.

Nitrogen removal from raw landfill leachate by an algae–bacteria consortium

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaitlyn D. Sniffen ◽  
Christopher M. Sales ◽  
Mira S. Olson
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Ammonia Removal ◽  
Ammonia Toxicity ◽  
Concentration Maximum ◽  
Maintenance Requirements ◽  
Bacteria Culture

A remediation system for the removal of nitrogen from landfill leachate by a mixed algae–bacteria culture was investigated. This system was designed to treat leachate with minimal inputs and maintenance requirements, and was operated as an open semi-batch reactor in an urban greenhouse. The results of this study showed a maximum nitrogen removal rate of 9.18 mg N/(L·day) and maximum biomass density of 480 mg biomass/L. The ammonia removal rates of this culture increased with increasing initial ammonia concentration; maximum nitrogen removal occurred at an ammonia concentration of 80 mg N-NH3/L. At starting ammonia concentrations above 80 mg N-NH3/L a reduction in nitrogen removal was seen; this inhibition is hypothesized to be caused by ammonia toxicity. This inhibiting concentration is considerably higher than that of many other published studies.

Generation and properties of aerobic granular sludge

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 19-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Etterer ◽  
P. A. Wilderer
Keyword(s):  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Aerobic Granular Sludge ◽  
Aerobic Conditions ◽  
Heterotrophic Microorganisms ◽  
Average Porosity

A sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was used to investigate the generation of different granules cultured under aerobic and alternating anaerobic/aerobic conditions. The reactor was fed with synthetic wastewater. A substrate loading rate of 3.6 kg COD/ (m3 day) was applied. Granules of heterotrophic microorganisms were formed. After the first experimental period of 8 weeks the average granule diameter was 3.2 mm. In the second period, alternating anaerobic/aerobic conditions were applied to form granular sludge with an average diameter of 3.0 mm. An isopycnic centrifugation procedure was used to determine the characteristic density of the aerobic granular sludge. The average density of the granular sludge was 1.044 g/ml and 1.048 g/ml, respectively. In free-settling tests the final settling velocity of single aggregates was examined to estimate porosity. Settling velocities up to 2.0 cm/s could be measured. Calculations based on the experimental results showed an average granula porosity of 72% for the first run and 65% average porosity for the second run. This paper indicates the validity of general assumptions in free-settling tests.

Effects of High Salinity on the Removal of Pollutants in Wastewater by Aerobic Granular Sludge

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 339-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Gang Wang ◽  
Bing Lin ◽  
Yu Bin Tang ◽  
Hai Feng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Aerobic Granular Sludge ◽  
N Removal

The aerobic granular sludge (AGS) was used to remove pollutants (COD, NH3-N, TN and TP) in wastewater under different salinity in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR). The results show that: the salinity has a significant impact on the removal of COD and TN, and the removal rate declines to 60% and 56% respectively when the water salinity rises from 5g/L to15g/L. The NH3-N removal is not much affected by the salinity, and the average removal rate is 75%. TP removal rate changes little at low-salted environment (the salinity less than 10g/L), however, the rate declines heavily when the salinity gets more than 10g/L, 70% in 10g/L and 57% in 15g/L.

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