Nitrogen removal from raw landfill leachate by an algae–bacteria consortium

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaitlyn D. Sniffen ◽  
Christopher M. Sales ◽  
Mira S. Olson
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Ammonia Removal ◽  
Ammonia Toxicity ◽  
Concentration Maximum ◽  
Maintenance Requirements ◽  
Bacteria Culture

A remediation system for the removal of nitrogen from landfill leachate by a mixed algae–bacteria culture was investigated. This system was designed to treat leachate with minimal inputs and maintenance requirements, and was operated as an open semi-batch reactor in an urban greenhouse. The results of this study showed a maximum nitrogen removal rate of 9.18 mg N/(L·day) and maximum biomass density of 480 mg biomass/L. The ammonia removal rates of this culture increased with increasing initial ammonia concentration; maximum nitrogen removal occurred at an ammonia concentration of 80 mg N-NH3/L. At starting ammonia concentrations above 80 mg N-NH3/L a reduction in nitrogen removal was seen; this inhibition is hypothesized to be caused by ammonia toxicity. This inhibiting concentration is considerably higher than that of many other published studies.

Exploration of rapid start-up of the CANON process from activated sludge inoculum in a sequencing biofilm batch reactor (SBBR)

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 535-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yangfan Deng ◽  
Xiaoling Zhang ◽  
Ying Miao ◽  
Bo Hu
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Nitrite Accumulation ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Fast Start ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Canon Process

In this study, a laboratory-scale sequencing biofilm batch reactor (SBBR) was employed to explore a fast start-up of completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) process. Partial nitrification was achieved by controlling free ammonia concentration and operating at above 30 °C; then the reactor was immediately operated with alternating periods of aerobiosis and anaerobiosis to start the anammox process. The CANON process was successfully achieved in less than 50 d, and the total-nitrogen removal efficiency and the nitrogen removal rate were 81% and 0.14 kg-N m−3 d−1 respectively. Afterwards, with the increasing of ammonium loading rate a maximum nitrogen removal rate of 0.39 kg-N m−3 d−1 was achieved on day 94. DNA analysis showed that ‘Candidatus Brocadia’ was the dominant anammox species and Nitrosomonas was the dominant aerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria in the CANON reactor. This study revealed that due to shortening the persistent and stable nitrite accumulation period the long start-up time of the CANON process can be significantly reduced.

scholarly journals Efficient Utilization of Waste Carbon Source for Advanced Nitrogen Removal of Landfill Leachate

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Wang ◽  
Wenjun Yin ◽  
Fengxun Tan ◽  
Daoji Wu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
The Real ◽  
Advanced Nitrogen Removal

A modified single sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was developed to remove the nitrogen of the real landfill leachate in this study. To take the full advantage of the SBR, stir phase was added before and after aeration, respectively. The new mechanism in this experiment could improve the removal of nitrogen efficiently by the utilization of carbon source in the raw leachate. This experiment adopts the SBR process to dispose of the real leachate, in which the COD and ammonia nitrogen concentrations were about 3800 mg/L and 1000 mg/L, respectively. Results showed that the removal rates of COD and total nitrogen were above 85% and 95%, respectively, and the effluent COD and total nitrogen were less than 500 mg/L and 40 mg/L under the condition of not adding any carbon source. Also, the specific nitrogen removal rate was 1.48 mgN/(h·gvss). In this process, polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) as a critical factor for the highly efficient nitrogen removal (>95%) was approved to be the primary carbon source in the sludge. Because most of the organic matter in raw water was used for denitrification, in the duration of this 160-day experiment, zero discharge of sludge was realized when the effluent suspended solids were 30–50 mg/L.

Study on Short-Cut Nitrification Aerobic Granular Sludge Cultivation and Carbon-Nitrogen Removal

2010 ◽  
Vol 113-116 ◽  
pp. 2305-2309
Author(s):  
Jing Xiang Fu ◽  
Yu Lan Tang ◽  
Xing Guan Ma ◽  
Yu Hua Zhao ◽  
Hai Biao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Aerobic Granular Sludge ◽  
Seed Sludge ◽  
Cod Removal Rate

Acclimation of short-cut nitrification aerobic granular sludge with aerobic granular sludge and nitrification sludge as seed sludge in a sequencing batch reactor(SBR) by controlling the pH, influent ammonia concentration, temperature and other conditions. Experimental results showed that the short-cut nitrification aerobic granular sludge with high ammonia and COD removal rate (95%) was formed successfully, and SBR can run long-term stably. DO at 6.0~8.0mg/L when the nitrosation rate remained stable at 50% ~ 60%, and lower DO levels within the reactor (2.0~3.0mg/L) nitrosation rates of up to 90%. Mature short-cut nitrification aerobic granular sludge average diameter of 2~3mm in between, MLSS of up to 10.162g/L, SVI minimum up to 22.63ml/g, moisture content is only 81.93%, total nitrogen removal rate of 40%, and carbon-nitrogen removal capability.

Effects of HRT on biological nitrogen removal in single-stage autotrophic process

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Liang ◽  
Shutong Liu ◽  
Xue Li ◽  
Xueying Sun ◽  
Dawen Gao
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Ammonia Removal ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Single Stage ◽  
Biological Nitrogen Removal ◽  
External Circulation ◽  
Biological Nitrogen

An external circulation Sequencing Batch Reactor (ecSBR) was used to study the efficiency of nitrogen removal by autotrophic microbe. With gradually reducing the dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration from 1.2 mg/L to 0.04 mg/L, the single-stage autotrophic biological nitrogen removal (sABNR) process could be operated stably. After removing the aeration, the process could still stay sABNR stably, and the concentration of NH4+-N was 0.9 mg/L in effluent, the rate of nitrate (produced)/NH4+-N (removed) was in the range of 0.12–0.40. The results showed that the concentration of NH4+-N in effluent was 0.8, 0.8 and 9.9 mg/L with the hydraulic retention time (HRT) at 8 h, 6 h and 4 h respectively, the removal efficiency of ammonia were 98.2%, 98.1% and 73.6% respectively. The rate of nitrate (produced)/NH4+-N (consumed) was 0.05 at HRT 6 h, and the nitrogen loading rate (NLR) and nitrogen removal rate (NRR) were 169.7 and 129.7 g/m3/d, the removal efficiency of total nitrogen (TN) was 77.5%. In conclusion the optimal HRT was 6 h instead of 8 h or 4 h enough for ammonia removal without causing energy wastage. 

scholarly journals Performance of the anammox sequencing batch reactor treating synthetic and real landfill leachate

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 00179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz Tomaszewski ◽  
Grzegorz Cema ◽  
Tomasz Twardowski ◽  
Aleksandra Ziembińska-Buczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Anammox Activity ◽  
Anammox Process

The anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process is one of the most energy efficient and environmentally-friendly bioprocess for the treatment of the wastewater with high nitrogen concentration. The aim of this work was to study the influence of the high nitrogen loading rate (NLR) on the nitrogen removal in the laboratory-scale anammox sequencing batch reactor (SBR), during the shift from the synthetic wastewater to landfill leachate. In both cases with the increase of NLR from 0.5 to 1.1 – 1.2 kg N/m3d, the nitrogen removal rate (NRR) increases to about 1 kg N/m3d, but higher NLR caused substrates accumulation and affects anammox process efficiency. Maximum specific anammox activity was determined as 0.638 g N/g VSSd (NRR 1.023 kg N/m3d) and 0.594 g N/g VSSd (NRR 1.241 kg N/m3d) during synthetic and real wastewater treatment, respectively. Both values are similar and this is probably the nitrogen removal capacity of the used anammox biomass. This indicates, that landfill leachate did not influence the nitrogen removal capacity of the anammox process.

Experience from start-ups of the first ANITA Mox Plants

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (12) ◽  
pp. 2677-2684 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Christensson ◽  
S. Ekström ◽  
A. Andersson Chan ◽  
E. Le Vaillant ◽  
R. Lemaire
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Ammonia Removal ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
N2o Emissions ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Start Up

ANITA™ Mox is a new one-stage deammonification Moving-Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) developed for partial nitrification to nitrite and autotrophic N-removal from N-rich effluents. This deammonification process offers many advantages such as dramatically reduced oxygen requirements, no chemical oxygen demand requirement, lower sludge production, no pre-treatment or requirement of chemicals and thereby being an energy and cost efficient nitrogen removal process. An innovative seeding strategy, the ‘BioFarm concept’, has been developed in order to decrease the start-up time of new ANITA Mox installations. New ANITA Mox installations are started with typically 3–15% of the added carriers being from the ‘BioFarm’, with already established anammox biofilm, the rest being new carriers. The first ANITA Mox plant, started up in 2010 at Sjölunda wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Malmö, Sweden, proved this seeding concept, reaching an ammonium removal rate of 1.2 kgN/m3 d and approximately 90% ammonia removal within 4 months from start-up. This first ANITA Mox plant is also the BioFarm used for forthcoming installations. Typical features of this first installation were low energy consumption, 1.5 kW/NH4-N-removed, low N2O emissions, <1% of the reduced nitrogen and a very stable and robust process towards variations in loads and process conditions. The second ANITA Mox plant, started up at Sundets WWTP in Växjö, Sweden, reached full capacity with more than 90% ammonia removal within 2 months from start-up. By applying a nitrogen loading strategy to the reactor that matches the capacity of the seeding carriers, more than 80% nitrogen removal could be obtained throughout the start-up period.

Nitrogen removal efficiency and microbial community analysis of ANAMMOX biofilter at ambient temperature

2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 725-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeng Taotao ◽  
Li Dong ◽  
Zeng Huiping ◽  
Xie Shuibo ◽  
Qiu Wenxin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Visual Observation ◽  
Microbial Community Analysis ◽  
Anammox Bacteria

An upflow anaerobic biofilter (AF) was developed to investigate anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing (ANAMMOX) efficiency in treating low-strength wastewater at ambient temperature (15.3–23.2 °C). Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and fluorescence in situ hybridization were used to investigate treatment effects on the microbial community. Stepwise decreases in influent ammonia concentration could help ANAMMOX bacteria selectively acclimate to low-ammonia conditions. With an influent ammonia concentration of 46.5 mg/L, the AF reactor obtained an average nitrogen removal rate of 2.26 kg/(m3 day), and a removal efficiency of 75.9%. polymerase chain reaction-DGGE results showed that microbial diversity in the low matrix was greater than in the high matrix. Microbial community structures changed when the influent ammonia concentration decreased. The genus of functional ANAMMOX bacteria was Candidatus Kuenenia stuttgartiensis, which remained stationary across study phases. Visual observation revealed that the relative proportions of ANAMMOX bacteria decreased from 41.6 to 36.3% across three study phases. The AF bioreactor successfully maintained high activity due to the ANAMMOX bacteria adaptation to low temperature and substrate conditions.

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