Preliminary Observations on the Structural Condition of a Byzantine Monument in Historic Peninsula of Istanbul: Pantokrator Church

2010 ◽  
Vol 133-134 ◽  
pp. 555-560
Author(s):  
Umut Almaç

The Church of Pantokrator (Zeyrek Mosque) is a Byzantine located in the Zeyrek district of Istanbul which was included in the World Heritage List in 1985 by UNESCO. The church suffered from earthquakes, fires and alterations in its history. In this paper, a brief history of the church, description of the northern structure with its damages and a preliminary analysis of the structure including an intervention proposal is presented. The reason to choose the northern part of the complex was due to its fragile condition in comparison with the other parts of the monument. This part has severe cracks on its structural elements and consequently during a possible repair and conservation work, it has priority.

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 669-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Long

This paper examines the history of the restoration, or more accurately, reconstruction of Bagrati Cathedral in western Georgia. Constructed in 1003, Bagrati Cathedral is an important cultural monument in the political and architectural history of Georgia. Destroyed by an explosion in 1691, the cathedral was inscribed on UNESCO's World Heritage List in 1994 in its ruined state. However, the Georgian government under President Mikheil Saakashvili and Georgian Orthodox Church (GOC) officials made the reconstruction and reconsecration of the cathedral a priority. The reconstruction of Bagrati Cathedral, completed in September 2012, brought the differing aims of Georgian politicians, GOC officials, and architectural historians – the major players in the process – into sharp focus. This paper maintains that the rebuilding of Bagrati Cathedral was part of Saakashvili's political agenda, which merged with the interests of the GOC and worked against the objectives of architectural historians and the aims of academic principles of restoration and preservation. The result is that Bagrati has been rebuilt but is under threat of removal from the World Heritage List. The story of Bagrati's reconstruction has implications for the future of monument preservation and restoration in Georgia.


Author(s):  
E. Siviero ◽  
V. Martini

The aim of this paper is to present some bridges inscribed in the UNESCO World Heritage List and their Outstanding Universal Values, which explain the importance of these works of art in terms of engineering, technology, culture and technical development. The Iron Bridge, the first metal bridge in the history of construction, is of considerable importance, not only in historic, technological and constructive terms: here, architecture and engineering are revealed to the full, making the bridge into a place. The Forth Bridge is a globally-important triumph of engineering, representing the pinnacle of 19th century bridge construction and is without doubt the world’s greatest trussed bridge. The Vizcaya Bridge, completed in 1893, was the first bridge in the world to carry people and traffic on a high suspended gondola and was used as a model for many similar bridges in Europe, Africa and America, only a few of which survive. The Mostar Bridge is an exceptional and universal symbol of coexistence of communities from diverse cultural, ethnic and religious backgrounds. The Oporto bridges, interpreted in Vitruvian terms, represent a heritage, a “set of spiritual, cultural, social or material values that belong, through inheritance or tradition, to a group of people...”, a complex grouping that marks and symbolises an era, the Eiffel's masterpiece. Because the bridge is not only a work of art, but also a thought.


2002 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Strasser

The World Heritage Convention, revolutionary in its conception thirty years ago, has today become the most widely accepted international legal instrument for the protection of cultural and natural heritage. Now, however, it requires adjustments if its successful implementation is to continue. These changes must not modify the Convention but must achieve an equivalent level of implementation. This article focuses on three issues, which are currently the subject of ongoing discussions: the representivity of the World Heritage List, equitable representation in the World Heritage Committee, and revision of the Operational Guidelines. The author not only describes the procedures for reform and the results achieved so far, but he also compares the legal provisions of this Convention to the other international legal instruments for the protection of cultural heritage.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-64
Author(s):  
Eliezer Nuban

Efforts to write articles related to "Constants in the Context of Mission Theology" are very important, because mission is always loyal to its six constants, namely: "Christology, ecclesiology, soteriology, eschatology, anthropology and diology with human culture". Constructing a mission theology that is inspired by God's continuous act of mission in the world and is imperative to write a history of the Christian movement in a multi-directional world. The important foundation in what is stated here is mission that comes from the heart of God. This means that the land and mission must be properly understood. Stevri Lumintang wrote, "Understanding mission without a fundamental understanding of mission theology will fall into two tendencies, namely mission without meaning and mission losing meaning". On the other hand, the correct understanding will help us to see mission as the infinite work of God in, “God's infinite mercy establishes mission, (mission) and gospel, (mission) first through Israel and now through His church " Furthermore, Paul David said, "To get the news, you must understand the story". That means there is no need for an interpretation process between willing and unwilling in the task of carrying out God's mission, but it is the duty of His Church, because the gospel is an eternal heavenly treasure entrusted to us, and we owe it to those who have not heard the gospel, (Romans 1 : 16-17). It is necessary to build the awareness that, our time is limited, (John 9: 4), from this the Constants in Context: "Mission Theology in the Postmodern Era". Stay relevant, keep changing, and be faithful to the biblical text as a guide for the mission of the church until Christ returns.Upaya menuangkan tulisan yang ada kaitan dengan “Konstanta dalam konteks teologi Misi” sangat penting, karena misi senantiasa setia kepada enam konstantanya yakni: “Kristologi, eklesiologi, soteriologi, eskatologi, antropologi dan dialog dengan kebudayaan manusia”.Stephen Menyusun teologi misi yang diilhami oleh tindakan misi Allah yang terus-menerus di dalam dunia dan sangat perlu menulis sejarah gerakan Kristen di dunia yang bersifat multi-directional. Landasan penting dalam apa yang dituangkan di sini adalah Misi bersumber dari hati Allah. Hal ini berarti landasan misi harus dipahami secara benar. Stevri Luminang menulis, “Memahami misi tanpa pemahaman secara mendasar mengenai teologi misi, maka akan jatuh pada dua kecenderungan yaitu misi tanpa arti dan misi kehilangan arti”. Sebaliknya dalam pemahaman yang benar akan menolong kita untuk melihat misi sebagai karya Allah yang tak terbatas dalam, “belas kasihan yang tak terbatas Allah menetapkan pengutusan, (misi) dan pekabaran Injil, (mission) mula-mula melalui Israel dan sekarang melalui gereja-Nya”. Selanjutnya Paul David mengungkapkan, “Untuk mendapatkan berita itu maka harus memahami ceritanya”. Itu artinya tidak perlu adanya proses interpretasi antara mau dan tidak dalam tugas pelaksanaan misi Allah, tetapi itu adalah kewajiban dari Gereja-Nya, karena Injil adalah harta kekal sorgawi yang dipercayakan kepada kita, dan kita berhutang kepada orang yang belum mendengarkan Injil, (Roma 1:16-17). Perlu membangun kesadaran bahwa, waktu kita terbatas, (Yohanes 9:4), dari hal inilah Konstanta Dalam Konteks: “Teologi Misi Pada Era Postmodern”. Tetap relevan, terus berubah, dan setia pada teks Alkitab sebagai pedoman misi gereja sampai Kristus datang kembali.  Upaya menuangkan tulisan yang ada kaitan dengan “Konstanta dalam konteks teologi Misi” sangat penting, karena misi senantiasa setia kepada enam konstantanya yakni: “Kristologi, eklesiologi, soteriologi, eskatologi, antropologi dan dialog dengan kebudayaan manusia”.Stephen Menyusun teologi misi yang diilhami oleh tindakan misi Allah yang terus-menerus di dalam dunia dan sangat perlu menulis sejarah gerakan Kristen di dunia yang bersifat multi-directional. Landasan penting dalam apa yang dituangkan di sini adalah Misi bersumber dari hati Allah. Hal ini berarti landasan misi harus dipahami secara benar. Stevri Luminang menulis, “Memahami misi tanpa pemahaman secara mendasar mengenai teologi misi, maka akan jatuh pada dua kecenderungan yaitu misi tanpa arti dan misi kehilangan arti”.[1] Sebaliknya dalam pemahaman yang benar akan menolong kita untuk melihat misi sebagai karya Allah yang tak terbatas dalam, “belas kasihan yang tak terbatas Allah menetapkan pengutusan, (misi) dan pekabaran Injil, (mission) mula-mula melalui Israel dan sekarang melalui gereja-Nya”.[2] Selanjutnya Paul David mengungkapkan, “Untuk mendapatkan berita itu maka harus memahami ceritanya”.[3] Itu artinya tidak perlu adanya proses interpretasi antara mau dan tidak dalam tugas pelaksanaan misi Allah, tetapi itu adalah kewajiban dari Gereja-Nya, karena Injil adalah harta kekal sorgawi yang dipercayakan kepada kita, dan kita berhutang kepada orang yang belum mendengarkan Injil, (Roma 1:16-17). Perlu membangun kesadaran bahwa, waktu kita terbatas, (Yohanes 9:4), dari hal inilah Konstanta Dalam Konteks: “Teologi Misi Pada Era Postmodern”. Tetap relevan, terus berubah, dan setia pada teks Alkitab sebagai pedoman misi gereja sampai Kristus datang kembali.[1] Stevri Indra Lumintang, Misiologi Kontemporer, Menuju Ke Rekonstruksi Theologia Misi Yang Seutuhnya (Batu: Departemen Multi Media, YPPII, 2009),125.[2] George W. Peters, Theologia Alkitabiah Tentang Pekabaran Injil (Malang: Gandum Mas, 2006),19.[3] Paul David Tripp, Alat Di Tangan Sang Penebus (Surabaya: Momentum, 2014),2.


Author(s):  
Khusenova Mekhrangiz Gayratovna

One of the brightest examples of Timurid’s architecture is the Ashatkhana monument attracting many people. Ashratkhana is also appreciated and considered heritage of not only for Uzbekistan, but also for humanity. For this reason, the mausoleum is included in The World Heritage List of UNESCO. However, some unproved and misleading information which is spread by unknown sourses made the monument have misleading opinions. It can be as a result of lack of fundamental and reliable information about the history of building, construction, describtion of the monument. This article describes the history of its construction, structure, research and its aspects as a tourist destination. This monument has been renovated many times over the years and the process is continuing


2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kas Saghafi

In several late texts, Derrida meditated on Paul Celan's poem ‘Grosse, Glühende Wölbung’, in which the departure of the world is announced. Delving into the ‘origin’ and ‘history’ of the ‘conception’ of the world, this paper suggests that, for Derrida, the end of the world is determined by and from death—the death of the other. The death of the other marks, each and every time, the absolute end of the world.


2013 ◽  
Vol 778 ◽  
pp. 865-871
Author(s):  
Francesco Augelli

The paper aims to inform on the executive phases and on the problems faced during the restoration work on some wooden floors of the sixteenth century Ducal Palace in Sabbioneta near Mantua in Italy, site in the World Heritage list since 2008. The particular historical, artistic and architectural importance of the Palace-and of the floors-required the involvement of expert restorers and a constant control during the work by the Director of works, by the Manager of procedure and by the responsibles of Superintendence for Architectural Heritage and Landscape of Mantua. The paper describes the work performed mainly on wooden structures postponing in another place those relating to the restoration of the decorative elements.


Traditio ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 1-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas O'Loughlin

In the late third century Eusebius of Caesarea, better remembered now for his work as a historian of the church, produced an apparatus for the reconciliation of the disagreements found in the four Christian gospels. It was a remarkable work in its own right for it preserved, as the tradition demanded, the plurality of the gospels, while allowing them to be presented and studied as a single entity, “the gospel,” and so succeeding in Tatian's aim in hisDiatessaron— as exegesis and apologetics demanded. Moreover, though now largely forgotten, it remained an important element within theology for centuries. This paper's aim is to locate the significance of Eusebius's work in its original setting in the world of late antiquity and the Christian defense of pagan challenges to the gospels' integrity, and then to follow the influence of his work within just one strand of the tradition: that which forms the background of western, Latin theology. So it will note how that work was adopted and adapted by Jerome, how it then passed on to the late-patristic Latin schoolmasters who sought to transform all learning into convenient modules of defined value, and then was taken up by others in just one region of the Latin West, the insular world, such as the anonymous scribes of the Book of Kells, the Stowe Missal, and the Book of Deer, for whom Eusebius's work was a mystery that they could not simply abandon, even when they could not understand it. Throughout this period, the Eusebian Apparatus roused the intellect of scholars, teachers, and scribes, but in each milieu the significance and perceived utility of the Apparatus was different. The history of ideas is about changes within intellectual and textual continuities, and with the Apparatus we have a clearly identifiable scholarly tool that does not in itself change over the period, but whose reception and exploitation vary greatly.


PMLA ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-27
Author(s):  
Leon F. Seltzer

In recent years, The Confidence-Man: His Masquerade, a difficult work and for long an unjustly neglected one, has begun to command increasingly greater critical attention and esteem. As more than one contemporary writer has noted, the verdict of the late Richard Chase in 1949, that the novel represents Melville's “second best achievement,” has served to prompt many to undertake a second reading (or at least a first) of the book. Before this time, the novel had traditionally been the one Melville readers have shied away from—as overly discursive, too rambling altogether, on the one hand, or as an unfortunate outgrowth of the author's morbidity on the other. Elizabeth Foster, in the admirably comprehensive introduction to her valuable edition of The Confidence-Man (1954), systematically traces the history of the book's reputation and observes that even with the Melville renaissance of the twenties, the work stands as the last piece of the author's fiction to be redeemed. Only lately, she comments, has it ceased to be regarded as “the ugly duckling” of Melville's creations. But recognition does not imply agreement, and it should not be thought that in the past fifteen years critics have reached any sort of unanimity on the novel's content. Since Mr. Chase's study, which approached the puzzling work as a satire on the American spirit—or, more specifically, as an attack on the liberalism of the day—and which speculated upon the novel's controlling folk and mythic figures, other critics, by now ready to assume that the book repaid careful analysis, have read the work in a variety of ways. It has been treated, among other things, as a religious allegory, as a philosophic satire on optimism, and as a Shandian comedy. One critic has conveniently summarized the prevailing situation by remarking that “the literary, philosophical, and cultural materials in this book are fused in so enigmatic a fashion that its interpreters have differed as to what the book is really about.”


2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (4/5/6) ◽  
pp. 337
Author(s):  
Donatella Saccone ◽  
Walter Santagata

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