Chalcopyrite and Bornite Differentially Affect Protein Synthesis in Planktonic Cells of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans

2007 ◽  
Vol 20-21 ◽  
pp. 461-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana P. Felício ◽  
Eliandre de Oliveira ◽  
Maria A. Odean ◽  
Oswaldo Garcia Jr. ◽  
Maria C. Bertolini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Acidithiobacillus Ferrooxidans ◽  
Differentially Expressed Proteins ◽  
Planktonic Cells ◽  
Copper Sulfides ◽  
Industrial Operations ◽  
Mineral Sulfides ◽  
Sole Energy

Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans is used in bioleaching industrial operations to recover metal ions from mineral sulfides. Chalcopyrite and bornite are copper sulfides that have the same elemental composition, but differ in their susceptibility to the bioleaching process. Our objective was to identify differentially expressed proteins in A. ferrooxidans LR cells exposed to chalcopyrite or bornite, as a sole energy source, for 24 hours. Compared to the control (without minerals), proteins were induced or repressed in planktonic cells after contact with chalcopyrite or bornite by 24 hours. These results demonstrated that the time of exposure to the copper minerals was enough to trigger distinct responses in the A. ferrooxidans metabolism.

MARINE THIOBACILLI: II. CULTURE AND ULTRASTRUCTURE

1967 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1529-1534 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Tilton ◽  
G. J. Stewart ◽  
G. E. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Elemental Sulfur ◽  
Cell Envelope ◽  
Nuclear Material ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Mineral Sulfides ◽  
Sulfur Containing ◽  
Sole Energy

Gram-negative, polar-flagellated bacteria isolated from the Atlantic Ocean using thiosulfate or elemental sulfur as the sole energy source are considered members of the genus Thiobacillus. These cultures require seawater in the medium although they grow optimally when the salinity is reduced to a range of 6.4 to 25.8 p.p.t. There is no growth at 0 salinity and a 25–30% reduction of thiosulfate oxidation in 3 weeks is observed at 18 °C in a salinity of 32.3 p.p.t. The pH of the medium decreased from 7.2 or 5.6 to a final pH of 2–3. One culture decreased the pH to only 5.0 while oxidizing 80% of the thiosulfate. One representative culture, WH-2, was able to oxidize only thiosulfate and elemental sulfur from a series of substrates including tetrathionate, sulfite, sulfur-containing amino acids, and mineral sulfides. This culture is a strict aerobe and did not grow in the presence of 0.01% yeast extract, 2216E, or nutrient broth.The ultrastructure of culture WH-2 indicates that it is very similar to that of Thiobacillus thioosidans. The cells indicate a substantial cell envelope, cytomembranes, electron-dense fibrillar nuclear material, unknown granules, and distinct polyphosphate granules.

scholarly journals Protein synthesis in chloroplasts. Characteristics and products of protein synthesis in vitro in etioplasts and developing chloroplasts from pea leaves

1975 ◽  
Vol 146 (3) ◽  
pp. 675-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
S G Siddell ◽  
R J Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Supernatant Fraction ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Fraction I ◽  
Plastid Ribosomes

The function of plastid ribosomes in pea (Pisum sativum L.) was investigated by characterizing the products of protein synthesis in vitro in plastids isolated at different stages during the transition from etioplast to chloroplast. Etioplasts and plastids isolated after 24, 48 and 96h of greening in continuous white light, use added ATP to incorporate labelled amino acids into protein. Plastids isolated from greening leaves can also use light as the source of energy for protein synthesis. The labelled polypeptides synthesized in isolated plastids were analysed by electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulphate-ureapolyacrylamide gels. Six polypeptides are synthesized in etioplasts with ATP as energy source. Only one of these polypeptides is present in a 150 000g supernatant fraction. This polypeptide has been identified as the large subunit of Fraction I protein (3-phospho-D-glycerate carboxylyase EC 4.1.1.39) by comparing the tryptic ‘map’ of its L-(35S)methionine-labelled peptides with the tryptic ‘map’ of large subunit peptides from Fraction I labelled with L-(35S)methionine in vivo. The same gel pattern of six polypeptides is seen when plastids isolated from greening leaves are incubated with either added ATP or light as the energy source. However, the rates of synthesis of particular polypeptides are different in plastids isolated at different stages of the etioplast to chloroplast transition. The results support the idea that plastid ribosomes synthesize only a small number of proteins, and that the number and molecular weight of these proteins does not alter during the formation of chloroplasts from etioplasts.

Bioleaching of Phosphorus from Low Grade Ores and Concentrates with Acidophilic Iron- and Sulphur-Oxidizing Bacteria

2013 ◽  
Vol 825 ◽  
pp. 266-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuija H. Sarlin ◽  
Outi K. Priha ◽  
Mona E. Arnold ◽  
Päivi Kinnunen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Acidithiobacillus Ferrooxidans ◽  
Elemental Sulphur ◽  
Phosphorus Leaching ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Sulphide Minerals ◽  
Bacterial Cultures ◽  
Acid Generation ◽  
Phosphorus Extraction ◽  
Shake Flasks

Bioleaching experiments of phosphorus from low grade fluorapatite ore containing 8.2% P2O5 and from fluorapatite concentrate containing 29.8% P2O5 were carried out in shake flasks. Elemental sulphur was supplemented as an energy source for acid generation. Mixed and pure acidophilic bacterial cultures consisting of iron-and/or sulphur-oxidizing bacteria Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, A. thiooxidans and Leptospirillum ferrooxidans were used in the experiments. These acidophiles are commonly used in bioleaching of sulphide minerals, but their application on phosphorus bioleaching has been limited. Phosphorus leaching was shown to be a pH-dependant phenomenon. Phosphorus leaching yields of up to 97% and 28% were obtained in 3 weeks for low grade fluorapatite ore and concentrate, respectively. These results indicate a potential for applying bioleaching for phosphorus extraction from low grade materials.

Ferric iron uptake genes are differentially expressed in the presence of copper sulfides in Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans strain LR

2010 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 609-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lúcio F. C. Ferraz ◽  
Leandro C. L. Verde ◽  
Renato Vicentini ◽  
Ana P. Felício ◽  
Marcelo L. Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acidithiobacillus Ferrooxidans ◽  
Iron Uptake ◽  
Ferric Iron ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Copper Sulfides

Enzymes of agmatine degradation and the control of their synthesis in Streptococcus faecalis

1982 ◽  
Vol 152 (2) ◽  
pp. 676-681
Author(s):  
J P Simon ◽  
V Stalon
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Catabolite Repression ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Wild Type Strain ◽  
Arginine Deiminase ◽  
The Other ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Streptococcus Faecalis ◽  
Agmatine Deiminase ◽  
Sole Energy

Streptococcus faecalis ATCC 11700 uses agmatine as its sole energy source for growth. Agmatine deiminase and putrescine carbamoyltransferase are coinduced by growth on agmatine. Glucose and arginine were found to exert catabolite repression on the agmatine deiminase pathway. Four mutants unable to utilize agmatine as an energy source, isolated from the wild-type strain, exhibited three distinct phenotypes. Two of these strains showed essentially no agmatine deiminase, one mutant showed negligible activity of putrescine carbamoyltransferase, and one mutant was defective in both activities. Two carbamate kinases are present in S. faecalis, one belonging to the arginine deiminase pathway, the other being induced by growth on agmatine. These two enzymes have the same molecular weight, 82,000, and seem quite different in size from the kinases isolated from other streptococci.

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