Hanging Textiles’ Influence on the Beauty of Indoor Space Decoration

2011 ◽  
Vol 332-334 ◽  
pp. 539-544
Author(s):  
Xiao Dong Liu ◽  
Xin Qun Feng ◽  
Dong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Indoor Space ◽  
Aesthetic Appeal ◽  
Works Of Art

When room space extends from a simple three-dimensional physical space to a four-dimensional spiritual space, when people begin to rise aesthetic appeal to a higher level and emphasize harmony with the environment, the textile works of art at this time were all considered to play one of the most important evolutional roles. Hanging textiles which featured multi-functional made themselves irreplaceable contents in indoor space. From the application and development view of hanging textiles, the article emphasizes on the decorative function and application strategies to look forward to continuously improvement of hanging textiles’ application and design levels in indoor space.

scholarly journals H-plane horn antenna with enhanced directivity using conformal transformation optics

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Eskandari ◽  
Juan Luis Albadalejo-Lijarcio ◽  
Oskar Zetterstrom ◽  
Tomáš Tyc ◽  
Oscar Quevedo-Teruel
Keyword(s):  
Conformal Transformation ◽  
Phase Error ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Horn Antenna ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Transformation Optics ◽  
Graded Index ◽  
Low Profile ◽  
Dielectric Lens

AbstractConformal transformation optics is employed to enhance an H-plane horn’s directivity by designing a graded-index all-dielectric lens. The transformation is applied so that the phase error at the aperture is gradually eliminated inside the lens, leading to a low-profile high-gain lens antenna. The physical space shape is modified such that singular index values are avoided, and the optical path inside the lens is rescaled to eliminate superluminal regions. A prototype of the lens is fabricated using three-dimensional printing. The measurement results show that the realized gain of an H-plane horn antenna can be improved by 1.5–2.4 dB compared to a reference H-plane horn.

scholarly journals Automatic Reconstruction of Multi-Level Indoor Spaces from Point Cloud and Trajectory

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 3493
Author(s):  
Gahyeon Lim ◽  
Nakju Doh
Keyword(s):  
Point Cloud ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Reconstruction Method ◽  
Complex Environments ◽  
Indoor Space ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Level Building ◽  
Indoor Spaces ◽  
Data Term

Remarkable progress in the development of modeling methods for indoor spaces has been made in recent years with a focus on the reconstruction of complex environments, such as multi-room and multi-level buildings. Existing methods represent indoor structure models as a combination of several sub-spaces, which are constructed by room segmentation or horizontal slicing approach that divide the multi-room or multi-level building environments into several segments. In this study, we propose an automatic reconstruction method of multi-level indoor spaces with unique models, including inter-room and inter-floor connections from point cloud and trajectory. We construct structural points from registered point cloud and extract piece-wise planar segments from the structural points. Then, a three-dimensional space decomposition is conducted and water-tight meshes are generated with energy minimization using graph cut algorithm. The data term of the energy function is expressed as a difference in visibility between each decomposed space and trajectory. The proposed method allows modeling of indoor spaces in complex environments, such as multi-room, room-less, and multi-level buildings. The performance of the proposed approach is evaluated for seven indoor space datasets.

scholarly journals A virtual diorama. Mapping archives in situ at places of cultural significance

1970 ◽  
pp. 22-36
Author(s):  
Jonathan Westin ◽  
Gunnar Almevik
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Information ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction ◽  
Historical Photographs ◽  
New Applications ◽  
Archive Material

Using the wooden church of Södra Råda as a case study, this article concerns new applications of technology to contextualise and activate archive material in situ at places of cultural significance. Using a combination of augmented reality and virtual reality, we describe a process of turning historical photographs and two-dimensional reconstruction drawings into three-dimensional virtual models that can be lined up to a physical space. The leading questions for our investigation concern how archive material can be contextualised, and how the result may be made accessible in situ and contribute to place development. The result of this research suggests possibilities for using historical photographs to faithfully reconstruct lost historical spaces as three-dimensional surfaces that contextualise documentation and offer spatial information.

scholarly journals Indoor path visualization method based on the spatial characteristics of indoor environment

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Jiafeng Shi ◽  
Jie Shen ◽  
Zdeněk Stachoň ◽  
Yawei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
Route Guidance ◽  
Visualization Method ◽  
Continuous Space ◽  
Indoor Location ◽  
Indoor Space ◽  
Map Design

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> With the increasing number of large buildings and more frequent indoor activities, indoor location-based service has expanded. Due to the complicated internal passages of large public buildings and the three-dimensional interlacing, it is difficult for users to quickly reach the destination, the demand of indoor paths visualization increases. Isikdag (2013), Zhang Shaoping (2017), Huang Kejia (2018) provided navigation services for users based on path planning algorithm. In terms of indoor path visualization, Nossum (2011) proposed a “Tubes” map design method, which superimposed the channel information of different floors on the same plane by simplifying the indoor corridor and the room. Lorenz et al (2013) focused on map perspective (2D/3D) and landmarks, developed and investigated cartographic methods for effective route guidance in indoor environments. Holscher et al (2007) emphasized using the landmark objects at the important decision points of the route in indoor map design. The existing studies mainly focused on two-dimensional plane to visualize the indoor path, lacking the analysis of three-dimensional connectivity in indoor space, which makes the intuitiveness and interactivity of path visualization greatly compromised. Therefore, it is difficult to satisfy the wayfinding requirements of the indoor multi-layer continuous space. In order to solve this problem, this paper aims to study the characteristics of the indoor environment and propose a path visualization method. The following questions are addressed in this study: 1) What are the key characteristics of the indoor environment compared to the outdoor space? 2) How to visualize the indoor paths to satisfy the users’ wayfinding needs?</p>

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Indoor Fire Evacuation Routing

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 558
Author(s):  
Yan Zhou ◽  
Yuling Pang ◽  
Fen Chen ◽  
Yeting Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Routing Algorithm ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Indoor Navigation ◽  
A Algorithm ◽  
Indoor Space ◽  
Navigation Algorithms ◽  
Fire Evacuation ◽  
Fire Scene ◽  
Evacuation Routing ◽  
Evacuation Route

Traditional indoor navigation algorithms generally only consider the geometrical information of indoor space. However, the environmental information and semantic parameters of a fire are also important for evacuation routing in the case of a fire. It is difficult for traditional indoor navigation algorithms to dynamically find an indoor path when a fire develops. To address this problem, we developed a multi-semantic constrained three-dimensional (3D) indoor fire evacuation routing method that considers multi-dimensional indoor fire scene-related semantics, such as path accessibility, path recognition degree, and fire parameters. Our method enhances the navigation semantics of indoor space by extending the fire-related components of indoor model based on IndoorGML and integrating location semantics of IndoorLocationGML. We also propose quantifiable indoor fire-oriented routing semantics and establish a navigation cost function that evaluates semantic changes during a fire. We designed an indoor routing algorithm with multiple semantic constraints based on the A* algorithm. The indoor routing results were analyzed and compared in simulation experiments. The experimental results showed that the proposed model can remove unusable nodes and edges from the obtained navigation path and provides a safer and more effective evacuation route than traditional algorithms.

scholarly journals Vehicle Spatial Distribution and 3D Trajectory Extraction Algorithm in a Cross-Camera Traffic Scene

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (22) ◽  
pp. 6517
Author(s):  
Xinyao Tang ◽  
Huansheng Song ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Yanni Yang
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Geometric Constraints ◽  
Panoramic Image ◽  
Trajectory Data ◽  
Comparison Algorithms ◽  
Bounding Boxes

The three-dimensional trajectory data of vehicles have important practical meaning for traffic behavior analysis. To solve the problems of narrow visual angle in single-camera scenes and lack of continuous trajectories in 3D space by current cross-camera trajectory extraction methods, we propose an algorithm of vehicle spatial distribution and 3D trajectory extraction in this paper. First, a panoramic image of a road with spatial information is generated based on camera calibration, which is used to convert cross-camera perspectives into 3D physical space. Then, we choose YOLOv4 to obtain 2D bounding boxes of vehicles in cross-camera scenes. Based on the above information, 3D bounding boxes around vehicles are built with geometric constraints which are used to obtain projection centroids of vehicles. Finally, by calculating the spatial distribution of projection centroids in the panoramic image, 3D trajectories of vehicles are extracted. The experimental results indicate that our algorithm can effectively complete vehicle spatial distribution and 3D trajectory extraction in various traffic scenes, which outperforms other comparison algorithms.

Three Dimensional Simulation of Ventilation Flow Through a Solar Windcatcher

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Abdo ◽  
Rahil Taghipour ◽  
B. P. Huynh
Keyword(s):  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Windward Side ◽  
Efficient Design ◽  
Indoor Space ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Air Stream ◽  
Stack Ventilation

Abstract Natural ventilation is the process of supplying and removing air through an indoor space by natural means. There are two types of natural ventilation occurring in buildings: winddriven ventilation and buoyancy driven or stack ventilation. The most efficient design for natural ventilation in buildings should implement both types of natural ventilation. Stack ventilation which is temperature induced is driven by buoyancy making it less dependent on wind and its direction. Heat emitted causes a temperature difference between two adjoining volumes of air, the warmer air will have lower density and be more buoyant thus will rise above the cold air creating an upward air stream. Combining the wind driven and the buoyancy driven ventilation will be investigated in this study through the use of a windcatcher natural ventilation system. Stack driven air rises as it leaves the windcatcher and it is replaced with fresh air from outside as it enters through the positively pressured windward side. To achieve this, CFD (computational fluid dynamics) tool is used to simulate the air flow in a three dimensional room fitted with a windcatcher based on the winddriven ventilation alone, buoyancy driven ventilation alone, and combined buoyancy and winddriven ventilation. Different wind speeds between 0 up to 2.5 m/s are applied and the total air flow rate through the windcatcher is investigated with and without temperature of 350 K applied at the windcatcher’s outlet wall. As the wind speed increased the efficiency of the solar windcatcher decreased.

scholarly journals Quantum correlations are weaved by the spinors of the Euclidean primitives

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 180526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joy Christian
Keyword(s):  
Conformal Geometry ◽  
General Theorem ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Bell Inequalities ◽  
Quantum Correlations ◽  
Theoretical Physics ◽  
Strong Correlations ◽  
Algebraic Representation ◽  
Closed Set

The exceptional Lie group E 8 plays a prominent role in both mathematics and theoretical physics. It is the largest symmetry group associated with the most general possible normed division algebra, namely, that of the non-associative real octonions, which—thanks to their non-associativity—form the only possible closed set of spinors (or rotors) that can parallelize the 7-sphere. By contrast, here we show how a similar 7-sphere also arises naturally from the algebraic interplay of the graded Euclidean primitives, such as points, lines, planes and volumes, which characterize the three-dimensional conformal geometry of the ambient physical space, set within its eight-dimensional Clifford-algebraic representation. Remarkably, the resulting algebra remains associative, and allows us to understand the origins and strengths of all quantum correlations locally, in terms of the geometry of the compactified physical space, namely, that of a quaternionic 3-sphere, S 3 , with S 7 being its algebraic representation space. Every quantum correlation can thus be understood as a correlation among a set of points of this S 7 , computed using manifestly local spinors within S 3 , thereby extending the stringent bounds of ±2 set by Bell inequalities to the bounds of ± 2 2 on the strengths of all possible strong correlations, in the same quantitatively precise manner as that predicted within quantum mechanics. The resulting geometrical framework thus overcomes Bell’s theorem by producing a strictly deterministic and realistic framework that allows a locally causal understanding of all quantum correlations, without requiring either remote contextuality or backward causation. We demonstrate this by first proving a general theorem concerning the geometrical origins of the correlations predicted by arbitrarily entangled quantum states, and then reproducing the correlations predicted by the EPR-Bohm and the GHZ states. The raison d’être of strong correlations turns out to be the Möbius-like twists in the Hopf bundles of S 3 and S 7 .

scholarly journals Equilibrium and travelling-wave solutions of plane Couette flow

2009 ◽  
Vol 638 ◽  
pp. 243-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. GIBSON ◽  
J. HALCROW ◽  
P. CVITANOVIĆ
Keyword(s):  
Couette Flow ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Space Velocity ◽  
Travelling Wave ◽  
Isotropy Group ◽  
Travelling Wave Solutions ◽  
Plane Couette Flow ◽  
Equilibrium Solutions ◽  
Wave Solutions

We present 10 new equilibrium solutions to plane Couette flow in small periodic cells at low Reynolds number Re and two new travelling-wave solutions. The solutions are continued under changes of Re and spanwise period. We provide a partial classification of the isotropy groups of plane Couette flow and show which kinds of solutions are allowed by each isotropy group. We find two complementary visualizations particularly revealing. Suitably chosen sections of their three-dimensional physical space velocity fields are helpful in developing physical intuition about coherent structures observed in low-Re turbulence. Projections of these solutions and their unstable manifolds from their ∞-dimensional state space on to suitably chosen two- or three-dimensional subspaces reveal their interrelations and the role they play in organizing turbulence in wall-bounded shear flows.

The grey space in the middle: Using drawing to meet the object half way

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-353
Author(s):  
Martin Morris ◽  
Paddy Molloy
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Visual Communication ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Works Of Art ◽  
Student Tutor ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Individual Voice

Abstract Through the concept defined by David Bowie as the 'grey space in the middle', a theoretical space through which the meaning and worth of a piece of art is defined, this text looks at how Martin Morris and Paddy Molloy teach and develop processes towards drawing on the Illustration Animation BA (Hons) course, part of the Design School at Kingston School of Art (KSA), Kingston University. Their pedagogic process is examined through a set of six images made by three different students (covering life drawing, copying, memory drawing and Virtual Reality [VR]) alongside the respective students' responses to their work and their experience of drawing the images. Through the mental and physical space between observer and object in which new ideas are generated and filtered through the myriad of internal and external processes involved with drawing, Morris and Molloy analyse and investigate this 'grey space' with the aim to quantify the interaction and outcomes that occur between viewer (student/tutor) and object (drawing) and furthermore consider insights gleamed from the process and questions raised. By sharing these observations this paper seeks to demonstrate that the interaction that happens in this theoretical space between viewer and object, which is the malleable mental and physical space between, can be considered as fundamental to both the development of visual communication and how we come to read works of art. This can be applied to the teaching of drawing enabling students to gain insight, ask questions, inform their understanding of draughtsmanship and discover their individual voice.

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