Influences of Synthesis Procedure on the Photocatalytic Activities of CdS

2011 ◽  
Vol 356-360 ◽  
pp. 2583-2586
Author(s):  
Li Xue ◽  
Ying Zhi Cheng ◽  
Xiu Yu Sun
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photocatalytic Performance ◽  
Cadmium Acetate ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Photocatalytic Activities ◽  
Synthesis Procedure ◽  
Cubic Cds ◽  
Scanning Electron

Using cadmium acetate and sodium sulfuret as Cd and S sources, CdS samples were synthesized by chemical precipitation method. The conditions of supersaturation and aging time had been investigated, which could influence the activity of CdS for photocatalytic degrading methyl orange. The products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction and field emission scanning electron microscopy. The CdS samples synthesized under low supersaturation showed better photocatalytic activities. A phase transformation of hexagonal CdS to cubic CdS was observed when CdS precipitation aging and the presence of proper amount of hexagonal CdS should improve the photocatalytic performance of cubic CdS.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Perbandingan Mol Awal Titanium dan Perak terhadap Sifat-Sifat Fisika-Kimia TiO2-tersensitifkan AgCl

2017 ◽  
pp. 106-115
Author(s):  
Isnaya Khamida Zulfah ◽  
Hari Sutrisno
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance ◽  
Silver Chloride ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Initial Comparison ◽  
Scanning Electron

Titanium dioksida (TiO2)merupakan semikonduktor yang memiliki fungsi sebagai fotokatalis, sel surya, anti bakteri, anti polutan, dan anti buram. Salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan aktifitas fungsional  TiO2dengan menggeser daerah aktifitas atau energi celah pita (Eg) dari sinar ultra violet (UV) ke daerah sinar tampak melalui penambahan zat pensensitif TiO2.Pada penelitian ini, perak klorida (AgCl) digunakan sebagai zat pensensitif TiO2. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi perbandingan mol awal [Ti8O12(H2O)24]8.Cl8.HCl.7H2O dengan AgNO3 terhadap sifat-sifat fisik TiO2 tersensitifkan AgCl (TiO2@AgCl) yang disintesis dengan metode pengendapan basah dalam suasana asam. Variasi perbandingan awal yang digunakan yaitu perbandingan mol [Ti8O12(H2O)24]8.Cl8.HCl.7H2O :mol AgNO3sebesar 1:9, 1:10, 1:11, 1:12, dan 1:13yang dilarutkan dalam pelarut etanol (total pelarut 37.5 mL). Sampel padat TiO2@AgCl dihasilkan dengan metode pengendapan basah dalam kondisi asam melalui pengontrolan asam HNO3 pada pH~1. Sampel dihasilkan dari penguapan filtrat yang  bebas dari endapan AgCl, hingga volume yang didapat setengah dari volume awal. Sampel TiO2@AgCl dikarakterisasi dengan berbagai instrumen: Difraktometer Sinar-X (XRD),Scanning Electron Microscopy-Electron Dispersive X-Ray Analyzer (SEM-EDAX), dan Spektrofotometer UV-Vis Diffuse Reflectance. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan semua sampel TiO2@AgCl berisi 1 fasa nanopartikel (nanokristalit) TiO2 dan 3 fasa kristal yaitu rutil, anatas, dan AgCl.TiO2@AgCl memiliki bentuk morfologi berupa mikrosferik dengan ukuran berkisar 0.5-1 μm. Berdasarkan hasil analisisdengan spektrofotometer UV-Vis Diffuse Reflectance menunjukkan semua sampel TiO2@AgCl mengabsorbsi sinar ultra violet (UV) dengan Eg sebesar 2.87-3.89 eV, dan sinar tampak dengan Eg sebesar 1.60-2.40 eV. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a semiconductor that can be applied in the field of photocatalyst, solar cell, anti-bacterial, anti-pollutants, and anti-fogging. The functional activity of TiO2 can be increased by shifting the activity area from ultraviolet (UV) to visible through the addition of sensitizer. In this research, silver chloride (AgCl) was used as a sensitizer The objective of the research is to study the effect of the initial mole comparison of [Ti8O12(H2O)24]8.Cl8.HCl.7H2O and AgNO3on the physical properties of AgCl-sensitized TiO2(TiO2@AgCl). All TiO2@AgCl were synthesized using the wet chemical precipitation method under acidic conditions by the addition of a concentrated HNO3 with pH ~ 1. The initial comparison variation used was the mole ratio of [Ti8O12(H2O)24]8.Cl8.HCl.7H2O  : AgNO3 of 1: 9, 1:10, 1:11, 1:12, and 1:13. Each of these materials was dissolved in ethanol to 37.5 ml. All samples were produced from evaporation of filtrate free from AgCl precipitate, until the volume obtained half of the initial volume. The solid samples were characterized using X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy-Electron Dispersive X-Ray Analyzer (SEM-EDAX), and UV-Vis spectrophotometer Diffuse Reflectance.The results showed that all samples of TiO2@AgCl consisted of 1 phase of TiO2-nanoparticles and 3 phases of rutile, anatase and AgCl crystals. The morphology of TiO2@AgCl is microspheric with a size ranging from 0.5-1 μm. Based on the results of the analysis with the UV-Vis spectrophotometer Diffuse Reflectance showed that all samples of TiO2@AgCl absorb ultraviolet (UV) rays with bandgap (Eg) ranging from 2.87 to 3.89 eV, and the visible light with Eg ranges from 1.60 to 2.40 eV.

SB12 Assisted Synthesis of Nano CuO via Precipitation Method in Different Reaction Environments

2015 ◽  
Vol 749 ◽  
pp. 164-168
Author(s):  
Gamze Bozkurt ◽  
Ayşe Bayrakçeken Yurtcan ◽  
Abdulkadir Özer
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Thermal Gravimetric ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Synthesis Procedure ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this study, CuO was synthesized via precipitation method by using Cu (CH3COO)2.H2O as precursor. KOH+NH3, KOH and NaOH were used as reactants and zwitterionic 3-(N,N-dimethyldodecylammonio) propane-sulfonate (SB12) as surfactant in the synthesis procedure. The samples were calcined at 500°C. All prepared CuO structures were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. Electrochemical characterization was performed by cyclic voltammetry (CV). CuO showed different nanostructures according to the characterization results. Furthermore, electrochemical properties of the resulting structures were investigated. The specific capacitances of the CuO structures in different environments were determined by using CV technique in the order of: KOH+NH3>KOH>NaOH.

Synthesis of Visible-Light Responsive CdS/ZnO Nanocomposite Photocatalysts via Simple Precipitation Method

2014 ◽  
Vol 608 ◽  
pp. 224-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Potjanaporn Chaengchawi ◽  
Karn Serivalsatit ◽  
Pornapa Sujaridworakun
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Photocatalytic Performance ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Cds Nanoparticles ◽  
Methylene Blue Solution ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Blue Solution ◽  
Scanning Electron

A visible-light responsive CdS/ZnO nanocomposite photocatalyst was successfully synthesized by precipitation of CdS nanoparticles, using Cd (NO3)2 and Na2S as starting materials, on ZnO nanoparticles and then calcined at 400°C for 2 hours. The effects of the mole ratio of CdS and ZnO in the composites on their phase, morphology, and surface area were investigated by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Brunauer Emmett Teller method (BET), respectively. The photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue solution in the presence of composite products under visible-light irradiation was investigated. The results showed that the mole ratio of CdS and ZnO played a significant role on photocatalytic performance. The highest photocatalytic activity was obtained from the CdS/ZnO nanocomposite with mole ratio of 1:4, which is higher than that of pure CdS and pure ZnO.

scholarly journals A Novel Strong Cyan Luminescence Emission of Tb2O3 Particles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma Unal
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Ammonium Carbonate ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Terbium Oxide ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Pl Emission ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract Terbium oxide (Tb2O3) particles (NPs) were synthesized by precipitation method using ammonium carbonate as precipitation agent. Effects of precursor molarity (0.1, 0.15 and 0.2 M) on photoluminescence (PL) behaviour of the NPs were investigated. The presence of the Tb2O3 phase was confirmed by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analyses. Morphological investigations of the produced powders were made by Field Emission Gun-Scanning Electron Microscopy (FEG-SEM). It showed that the morphology of Tb2O3 particles transformed from the nanograin chain to bundles morphology of rod-like as the amount of precursor molarity increased. Emission spectrum were investigated by Photoluminescence (PL) Spectroscopy. All the Tb2O3 particles exhibited the strongest peak at 493 nm ascribed to 5D4-7F6 (magnetic dipole (MD), C2) transition. The increase in the number of C2 sites released from the MD transition with the increase of the precursor molarity caused a negative increase in the b* (yellowness/blueness of the emission) value in the CIE diagram, indicating that the colour shifted to the blue region. The Tb2O3 particles produced by the precipitation method exhibited novel strong cyan colour and the PL emission intensity increased with increasing molarity.

scholarly journals Synthesis and characterization of apatite silicated powders with wet precipitation method

2021 ◽  
Vol 234 ◽  
pp. 00106
Author(s):  
Houda Labjar ◽  
Hassan Chaair
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Wet Precipitation ◽  
Scanning Electron

The synthesis of apatite silicated Ca10(PO4)6-x(SiO4)x(OH)2-x (SiHA) with 0≤x≤2 was investigated using a wet precipitation method followed by heat treatment using calcium carbonate CaCO3 and phosphoric acid H3PO4 and silicon tetraacetate SiC8H20O4 (TEOS) in medium of water ethanol, with three different silicate concentrations. After drying, the samples are ground and then characterized by different analytical techniques like X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning electron Microscopy (SEM) and chemical analysis.

scholarly journals Calcium pyrophosphate powder derived from avian eggshell waste

Cerâmica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (363) ◽  
pp. 278-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. H. A. Corrêa ◽  
J. N. F. Holanda
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Average Crystallite Size ◽  
Calcium Pyrophosphate ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Eggshell Waste ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract Calcium pyrophosphate (CPP) was prepared by a simple precipitation method using avian eggshell waste as a low-cost alternative calcium precursor source. The synthesized CPP powder was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM/EDS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results indicate that pure β-CPP nanocrystallites (Ca/P = 1.067) were successfully synthesized from avian eggshell waste. The correlation among XRD, SEM/EDS, TGA, and FTIR data is well established. The β-CPP particle exhibited spherical morphology with average crystallite size of 62.3 nm, and can be an important bioceramic for medical applications.

scholarly journals Investigation of ZnTiO3/TiO2 composites and their application in photocatalysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenzhao Pei ◽  
Pei Wang ◽  
Zhiguo Li
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Visible Light Irradiation ◽  
Rhodamine B ◽  
Pure Tio2 ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Photocatalytic Activities ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this work, we report that ZnTiO3/TiO2 composites, which were synthesized by hydrothermal method possessed photocatalytic and potential spraying properties. The obtained ZnTiO3/TiO2 composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction techniques (XRD). Photocatalytic activities of ZnTiO3/TiO2 composites were evaluated by using Rhodamine B (RhB) as a model pollutant under visible light irradiation. The experimental results showed that the as-prepared ZnTiO3 (2%)/TiO2 composite exhibited better photocatalytic activity than that of pure TiO2.

Surfactants Effect on the Photoactivity of Fe-Doped TiO2

2013 ◽  
Vol 743-744 ◽  
pp. 367-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Yun Chen ◽  
Chao Xue ◽  
Xiang Lin Li ◽  
Yun Hai Wang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Photocatalytic Performance ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Preparation Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sunlight Irradiation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Degradation Ratio ◽  
Scanning Electron

Ti (OC4H9)4 was used as the Ti precursor and titanium dioxide (TiO2) was prepared by sol-gel method. During the preparation process, Fe3+ was doped and different surfactants, such as SDS, PEG, CTAB, were added to improve the photocatalytic activity of TiO2. The effect of the different type of surfactants on the structure of Fe-doped TiO2 was discussed. The photocatalysts were characterized by thermogravimetric thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The red shift of the absorption edge of the Fe-doped TiO2 prepared by using different surfactants was observed. Methyl orange (MO) solution was degraded under sunlight irradiation to evaluate the photocatalytic performance. The results indicated that the photocatalyst prepared with PEG addition had the highest activity and MO degradation ratio could reach 90% after 4 hours irradiation with the best photocatalyst.

Study on the Gas Sensitivity of a CeO2 Based Ceramic Sensing Element: Structure and Characteristic

2007 ◽  
Vol 280-283 ◽  
pp. 305-310
Author(s):  
Tao Yan ◽  
Xiao Lin Liu ◽  
Jian Feng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Sensing Element ◽  
Gas Sensitivity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sensing Properties ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Electron Microscopy Analysis

The sensitivity of CuO dispersed on fluorite-type oxide, namely CeO2 was studied in this work. Mixed oxide sample of nanostructured CuxCe1-xO2-y of various composition were generated by step chemical precipitation method. Distinct copper species were identified as a function of copper content by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, the special surface areas, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy analysis, and sensing properties to CO. It was found that only small amounts of copper are sufficient to promote the sensitivity of CeO2 by several orders of magnitude, which excessive amounts of copper (Cu/(Cu+Ce)>0.12) are detrimental to the sensing properties of nanocompositions. The possible causes for this behavior are also discussed.

scholarly journals Influence of Processing Type in the Morphology of Membranes Obtained from PA6/MMT Nanocomposites

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodholfo da Silva Barbosa Ferreira ◽  
Caio Henrique do Ó Pereira ◽  
Rene Anisio da Paz ◽  
Amanda Melissa Damião Leite ◽  
Edcleide Maria Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Membrane Morphology ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Microscopy Images ◽  
Scanning Electron

The nanocomposites have an extensive use in the current process of membrane preparation, taking into account their unique features as membranes. Thus, the study of nanocomposite processing to obtain membranes is highly important. In this work, Brazilian clay was used (Brasgel PA) for the preparation of polyamide/clay nanocomposite. The nanocomposites were produced in a high rotation homogenizer and in a twin screw extruder. From the nanocomposites and pure polymers processed in the two equipments, membranes were prepared by the immersion-precipitation method, using formic acid as solvent. By X-ray diffraction (XRD), the formation of exfoliated and/or partially exfoliated structures with changes in the crystalline phases of the polyamide was observed. From scanning electron microscopy images, it was observed that the processing clearly influenced the membrane morphology.

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