Comparative Study on the Mn2+ Removing Performance of Several Filters

2011 ◽  
Vol 415-417 ◽  
pp. 100-105
Author(s):  
Ji Ku Zhang ◽  
Yang Jiang ◽  
Yi Xing Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Ideal Filter ◽  
Better Than

The Mn2+ removing effect from groundwater by four kinds of filters——Zeolites ,Activated Carbon ,Manganese Sand and a new filter ANJ.SiC, were comparatively studied and analyzed respectively .The results show that, the Mn2+ removing effect of ANJ.SiC is significantly better than the other three .It is an ideal filter in Mn2+ removing ,which can be reused for a long time .These filters’ surface characteristics before and after saturation were compared through their SEM figures ,and the Mn2+ removing mechanism were further studied.

scholarly journals Impact of mineral and organic absorbent during the discoloration of avocado oil by comparing with olive oil

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-121
Author(s):  
Orléans Ngomo ◽  
Joseph Sieliechi ◽  
Etienne Dongo
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
The Other ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Avocado Oil ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Valuable Product ◽  
Cie Lab

Avocado is a versatile and valuable product. Its oil is comparable to olive oil in terms of nutritional quality. It can also be used in cosmetics, in particular, in soaps, shampoos and lotions. Despite all these important attributes that avocado has, it is highly perishable and coupled with the lack of farm-to-market roads, a lot of it is lost after harvest during the peak season. The introduction of methods that will transform avocado to products with a long shelf life and added value will go a long way to solving the problem of post-harvest losses and poverty. One of these methods is the production of avocado oil. In addition, in order to reduce the colour of the pigments without altering their quality, discoloration tests were carried out by adsorption on bleaching grounds (a montmorillonite, a kaolinite and activated carbon). The colour intensities of the oils before and after adsorption were determined using two complementary methods: a UV-Vis spectrophotometer and a Konica Minolta spectrophotometer CM-5. The UV-Vis spectrophotometer show that the activated carbon has a best fixing capacity of the pigments; According to the Colorimetric parameters (CIE-Lab) the coordinates L* a* b* that showed brightness (L*) of the avocado oil was half of the olive oil (41.13±0.02 vs 84.85±0.02). The activated carbon was better in fixing the red (a*) (4.99±0.01vs 15.73±0.01 before adsorption) and yellow (b*) (63.71±0.09 vs 70.07±0.09 before adsorption) pigments, while the other two adsorbents have very little influence on the red colour of avocado oil. RésuméL’avocat est un produit versatile et de grande valeur. Son huile est comparable à huile d’olive en terme de qualité nutritionnelle ; elle peut également être utilisée en cosmétique en occurrence dans les savons, champoings et lotions. En pleine saison, l’on fait face à une abondance des avocats dans les zones de production qui sont très souvent enclavées ; c’est ainsi que face aux difficultés de transport et les routes peu praticables pour l’importation, l’on se retrouve en train de perdre de très importantes quantités d’avocats après les récoltes. Or la production d’huile d’avocats permettrait de réduire les pertes post récolte, réduirait le chômage et permettrait de lutter contre la pauvreté après la vente des huiles extraites. De plus, dans le but de réduire les pigments colorés, des tests de décolorations effectués par adsorption sur des terres décolorantes (une montmorillonite en provenance de Maroua, une kaolinite en provenance de Douala et le charbon actif) sont effectués. Les couleurs des huiles mesurées avant et après adsorption à l’aide deux appareils complémentaires : Le spectrophotomètre UV-Vis et du Konica Minolta spectrophotomètre CM-5 montrent. Les analyses spectrophotométriques UV-Vis montrent que c’est le charbon activé qui présente la meilleure adsorption des pigments ; D’après les coordonnées L*a*b*, la clarté de l’huile d’avocat est pratiquement la moitié de celle de l’huile d’olive (41,13±0,02 contre 84,85±0,02), le charbon activé fixe mieux les pigments rouges (a*) (4,99±0,01 contre 15,73±0,01 avant adsorption) et jaunes (b*) (63,71±0,09 contre 70,07±0,09 après adsorption), tandis que les deux autres adsorbants influencent très peu sur la coloration des huiles.

scholarly journals Study of the Effect of Activated Carbon Cathode Configuration on the Performance of a Membrane-Less Microbial Fuel Cell

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 619
Author(s):  
M. L. Jiménez González ◽  
Carlos Hernández Benítez ◽  
Zabdiel Abisai Juarez ◽  
Evelyn Zamudio Pérez ◽  
Víctor Ángel Ramírez Coutiño ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cell ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Internal Resistance ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cod Removal Efficiency ◽  
Water Recirculation ◽  
Better Than

In this paper, the effect of cathode configuration on the performance of a membrane-less microbial fuel cell (MFC) was evaluated using three different arrangements: an activated carbon bed exposed to air (MFCE), a wetland immersed in an activated carbon bed (MFCW) and a cathode connected to an aeration tower featuring a water recirculation device (MFCT). To evaluate the MFC performance, the efficiency of the organic matter removal, the generated voltage, the power density and the internal resistance of the systems were properly assessed. The experimental results showed that while the COD removal efficiency was in all cases over 60% (after 40 days), the MFCT arrangement showed the best performance since the average removal value was 82%, compared to close to 70% for MFCE and MFCW. Statistical analysis of the COD removal efficiency confirmed that the performance of MCFT is substantially better than that of MFCE and MFCW. In regard to the other parameters surveyed, no significant influence of the different cathode arrangements explored could be found.

scholarly journals Comparative study of the surface roughness of Ormocer-based and conventional composites

2003 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 348-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Gonçalves Cunha ◽  
Roberta Caroline Bruschi Alonso ◽  
Paulo Henrique dos Santos ◽  
Mário Alexandre Coelho Sinhoreti
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
The Other ◽  
Initial Surface ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Metallic Mold ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Final Surface ◽  
Before And After

The aim of this study was to evaluate the surface roughness of two Ormocer-based resin composites before and after mechanical toothbrushing. The study compared the brands Admira and Definite with composites based on conventional monomer systems (Bis-GMA, Bis-EMA, UEDMA e TEGDMA), Z250 and A110. Eight samples of each material with 4mm in diameter and 2mm in height were prepared using a metallic mold. After 24 hours they were polished and examined with a profilometer for measurement of the initial surface roughness (Ra, mm) before mechanical toothbrushing (30,000 cycles). After toothbrushing, the samples were taken to the profilometer once again to check the final surface roughness. The results were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey test (5%). The Admira composite presented a higher mean of surface roughness before toothbrushing (0.132mm), with a statistical difference from the composite A110 (0.082mm). Definite (0.110mm) and Z250 (0.105mm) composites showed no differences between themselves or among the other composites. No statistical differences were observed after toothbrushing between the composites Definite (0.178mm), Z250 (0.187mm), Admira (0.181mm), and A110 (0.193mm). All composites showed a statistically significant increase in the surface roughness after toothbrushing.

Sorption of paracetamol onto biomaterials

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 287-294
Author(s):  
Maroua Ferchichi ◽  
Hatem Dhaouadi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Posidonia Oceanica ◽  
The Other ◽  
Infrared Analysis ◽  
High Adsorption ◽  
Solid Supports ◽  
Pharmaceutical Residues ◽  
Before And After ◽  
High Adsorption Capacity

Pharmaceutical residues released into the environment are posing more and more public health problems. It is worthwhile to study the retention of pharmaceuticals residues by adsorption on solid supports. Batch sorption experiments are intended to identify the adsorption isotherms of the pharmaceutically active ingredient on the biomaterials. The results obtained in this study have shown that the retention possibilities of these compounds by bio-adsorbents (clay and sand) are not significant. The negligible sorption for these media is explained by the low hydrophobicity of paracetamol (Log Kow = 0.46). The retention of paracetamol on the dehydrated sewage sludge and on Posidonia oceanica showed a relatively significant adsorption with a maximal quantity of 0.956 mg g−1 and 1.638 mg g−1 for the dehydrate sludge and P. oceanica, respectively. On the other hand, the study of paracetamol retention on the powdered activated carbon showed a high adsorption capacity of about 515.27 mg g−1. Isotherm data show a good fit with Langmuir's model. An infrared analysis is carried out. It shows identical bands before and after adsorption, with some modifications.

scholarly journals A comparative study of optimization methods and conventional methods for sampling design in fishery-independent surveys

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (9) ◽  
pp. 1873-1882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Liu ◽  
Yong Chen ◽  
Jiahua Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Simulation Study ◽  
Sampling Design ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
The Other ◽  
Optimal Sampling ◽  
Optimal Sampling Design ◽  
Conventional Methods ◽  
Better Than

Abstract Liu, Y., Chen, Y., and Cheng, J. 2009. A comparative study of optimization methods and conventional methods for sampling design in fishery-independent surveys. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 1873–1882. We have introduced and evaluated a procedure, the constrained spatial simulated annealing method, for developing an optimal sampling design for fishery-independent surveys. We used two criterion functions, minimization of the mean of the shortest distance (MMSD) and uniform distribution of point pairs for variogram estimation (WM), and three arrangements of the two criteria, all WM, all MMSD, and a combination of MMSD (2/3 of samples) and WM (1/3), to construct three optimized sampling designs (denoted as Designs I, II, and III, respectively). These three designs were compared in a simulation study with systematic sampling (Design IV) and stratified random sampling designs (Design V), commonly used in fishery-independent surveys. Three levels of sample size (small, medium, and large) were considered in the simulation study developed using a geostatistical approach. The results showed that for parameter estimation of the spatial covariance function, Design III was better than the other designs at relatively small sample size and Design II performed better than the other designs at relatively large sample size. For estimating fish stock abundance, the performance of the designs considered in this study can be ranked as follows: Design II > Design IV > Design III > Design V > Design I. It is clearly important to evaluate and improve sampling design based on historical survey data. Such a study allows us to identify an optimal sampling design to balance the quality of the data collected and the costs of the sampling programme, leading to the development and optimization of a sustainable and fishery-independent monitoring programme.

scholarly journals Financial Analysis of Airlines As Air Cargo Terminal Operator (The Case of Garuda Indonesia)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raniyah . ◽  
Dony Abdul Chalid
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Business Model ◽  
Scenario Analysis ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Air Cargo ◽  
Study Analysis ◽  
Better Than

PT. Garuda Indonesia Tbk is the only one of the airlines in Indonesia that operates as non-integrated cargo services and manages air cargo terminal service. This study aims to assess and evaluate the business model of airlines as an air cargo terminal operator. Correspondingly, to analyze the business model, the airline is run as an air cargo terminal operator on its own compared to if the cargo services outsourced to other parties at the terminal. The analysis will conduct by performing financial analysis and comparative study analysis. After that, scenario analysis will lead and decided the priority of air cargo business. The result is when the company decides to outsource the business to the other party is better than if they run by themselves. From scenario analysis results, it shows that all the scenarios of the outsourced still better compared to if they run their business by themselves. Keywords: Air Cargo, Terminal Operator, Financial Analysis, Warehouse Revenue, Comparative Study, Scenario Analysis

scholarly journals Corrosion Resistance of Ti-6Al-4V Machined Surfaces Improved by Thermal Oxidation

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 185-193
Author(s):  
Carolina Aurélia Ribeiro Maestro ◽  
Marina Cristina Ferreira ◽  
Alysson Helton Santos Bueno ◽  
Artur Mariano de Sousa Malafaia
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Thermal Oxidation ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Vickers Microhardness ◽  
The Other ◽  
Machining Parameters ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Economical Process ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Machined Surfaces

Ti-6A-l4V alloy is widely used in implants and prosthesis applications. Although machining is a fast and economical process, the roughness generated can compromise corrosion resistance. Thus, the goal of this study was to overcome this limitation using thermal oxidation in machined surfaces. Samples with polished surfaces were used for comparison purposes. Two sets of machining parameters were used to generate different roughness, property evaluated in polished and machined samples before and after thermal oxidation. Vickers microhardness and polarization tests using simulated body fluid (SBF) were also performed. Thermal oxidation generated similar microhardness for polished and machined samples, higher than for polished and non-oxidized condition. On the other hand, oxidation increased the roughness only for polished condition. The corrosion resistance was improved in all oxidized samples, and the best result was found to the intermediate roughness (Ra = 0.76 um), in a machined sample. The results demonstrated that thermal oxidation can be used to overcome machining limitations regarding corrosion resistance, achieving behavior even better than polished samples.

scholarly journals Comparative study of user friendliness of paperless partogram compared to WHO partogram in preventing prolonged labour

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 229
Author(s):  
Faswila M. ◽  
Smitha B. Rao
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
The Other ◽  
User Friendliness ◽  
Learning Time ◽  
Prolonged Labour ◽  
Uterine Contractions ◽  
Monitoring Progress ◽  
Better Than

Background: Partogram is being used since 1954 when Friedman described it for monitoring progress of labour. The Paperless Partogram proposed by Dr. Debdas is a low-skill method for detection of abnormal labour. The objective of the present study was to know efficacy and user friendliness of paperless partogram in comparison with WHO partogram in monitoring and management of labourMethods: It’s a comparative study. Total of 100 patients were included in the study where half of the patients were monitored by paperless partogram and the other half by WHO modified partogram. The plotting of the WHO partographs started as soon the cervical dilatation was 4 cm along with regular painful uterine contractions. In the paperless partogram calculation will be two times, an ALERT ETD (estimated time of delivery) and an ACTION ETD. The outcome of labour will be recorded at the end of each partographs.Results: Paperless partogram was better than WHO partogram in terms of documentation, ease of use, learning, time factor, cost effectiveness and monitoring of labour, identification of abnormal labour.Conclusions: In present study paperless partogram was found to be preferred for monitoring of labour.

Die „Erfindung“ der Barmherzigkeit im Alten Israel. Biblische und nachbiblische Perspektiven

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-306
Author(s):  
Shimon Gesundheit
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Hebrew Bible ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Ancient Israel ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The One

Abstract For quite a long time it has been part of the opinio communis within Hebrew Bible scholarship that compassion and empathy with persona miserae is in its very meaning invented by Ancient Israel. This view has been challenged by a comparative study of Frank C. Fensham. The present article shows on the one hand that care for the poor, widows and orphans is in fact not innovative. On the other hand, a closer analysis is able to show that the biblical and Jewish care for the strangers, slaves and animals is indeed unique.

Is Durability Sustainable?

AATCC Review ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
Belinda Carp
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
The Other ◽  
French Word ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Better Than

Interestingly, the French word for sustainability is durabilité. And, of course, durability is at the heart of sustainability—isn't it? If a product is durable, it will last for a long time and this means that it won't be discarded quickly, which keeps it out of the land-fill longer. If it doesn't need to be replaced often, the product's total environmental impact is reduced across its lifecycle. On the other hand, if something is designed to last for a long time, does that mean that it won't break down for a long time after it has been discarded—and if so, how can that be viewed as sustainable? Take plastic bags, for example. In the case of a product that is designed to be thrown away after relatively few uses, biodegradability is better than durability. So maybe it all depends on context.

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