Study on Demand Bill of Electric Vehicle in China′s Carbon Emission Reduction Environment

2012 ◽  
Vol 490-495 ◽  
pp. 2838-2842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Ning Wang ◽  
Bing Qing Tang ◽  
Hai Bo Zhang ◽  
Xiang Fu
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Emission Inventory ◽  
Vehicular Emissions ◽  
Vehicular Emission ◽  
Emissions Inventory ◽  
Carbon Reduction ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Theoretical Support ◽  
Strategic Policy ◽  
New Research

A new research method that can estimate the demand of EV in China on the basis of vehicular emission inventory and carbon reduction restriction is put forward. By using MOBILE model and software, China vehicular emissions inventory is created. Then, the demand bill of EV is worked out, and replacement scale and proportion of EV are calculated too. In the conclusion part, quantitative data is given, offering theoretical support for the governments’ strategic policy-making in developing EV.

Influence of vehicular emissions on metropolitan trees using chlorophyll contents

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 56-59
Author(s):  
Babatunde Saheed Bada ◽  
Adeleke Taofik Towolawi ◽  
Ireyimika Esther Oyegbami
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Matrix Analysis ◽  
Vehicular Emissions ◽  
Vehicular Emission ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Carbon Sequestration Potential ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Sequestration Potential ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Specific Reactions

The study assessed carbon sequestration potential of the identified trees {Gmelina, Mango, Neem, Masquerade, Step and Cassia} along the five selected roadsides in Abeokuta metropolitan. Leaves of the identified trees were plucked, digested in triplicate and analysed for chlorophyll (Ch) A, B and A+B contents using UV-visible spectrophotometer. Obtained data were subjected to descriptive and inferential statistics while correlation analysis for relationship between the analysed leaf Ch contents. Results indicated that leaf chlorophyll contents varied. The ranking of tree to metropolitan vehicular emission along roadsides was Neem < Gmelina < Mango < Masquerade tree. Correlation matrix analysis indicated that production of the Ch contents across the roadsides tree species was not alike and might be due to their specific reactions to vehicular emission. In conclusion, the order of Ch contents might be the tree species potential to withstand vehicular pollutants.

scholarly journals Vehicular Emission Inventory and Reduction Scenario Analysis in the Yangtze River Delta, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (23) ◽  
pp. 4790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaowei Song ◽  
Yongpei Hao
Keyword(s):  
Control Policy ◽  
Yangtze River Delta ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Emission Inventories ◽  
Vehicular Emissions ◽  
So2 Emissions ◽  
Vehicular Emission ◽  
Emission Analysis ◽  
Effective Policy ◽  
The Yangtze River Delta

Vehicular emissions have become an important source of air pollution, and their effective reduction control is essential to protect the environment. The aim of this study was to establish multi-year vehicular emission inventories for ten important air pollutants and to analyze emission control policy scenarios based on these inventories. The inter-annual emission analysis results showed that the ten pollutant emissions had different change trends during the past decade. The emissions of CO, non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCS), NOx, PM2.5, PM10, and CH4 tended to increase first and then decrease, but the years in which they began to decrease varied; the emissions of CO2 and NH3 showed the most significant growth trends, increasing by 567% and 4004% in 2015 compared with 1999, while the emissions of N2O and SO2 showed a general increasing trend and decreased obviously in a certain year. Eight scenarios based on emission inventories were designed; compared with the BAU scenario, the ESV scenario was the most effective policy to control NOx, PM2.5, and CH4 emissions; the radical AER scenario could decrease the vehicular emissions of CO, NMVOCs, PM10, CO2, N2O, and NH3; and the RFS scenario could reduce vehicular SO2 emissions significantly by 93.64%.

scholarly journals Chemically-resolved aerosol eddy covariance flux measurements in urban Mexico City during MILAGRO 2006

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 7809-7823 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Zalakeviciute ◽  
M. L. Alexander ◽  
E. Allwine ◽  
J. L. Jimenez ◽  
B. T. Jobson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eddy Covariance ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Atmospheric Aerosols ◽  
Emission Inventory ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Organic Aerosol ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Eddy Covariance Method ◽  
Emissions Inventory ◽  
Flux Measurements

Abstract. As part of the MILAGRO 2006 field campaign, the exchange of atmospheric aerosols with the urban landscape was measured from a tall tower erected in a heavily populated neighborhood of Mexico City. Urban submicron aerosol fluxes were measured using an eddy covariance method with a quadrupole aerosol mass spectrometer during a two week period in March, 2006. Nitrate and ammonium aerosol concentrations were elevated at this location near the city center compared to measurements at other urban sites. Significant downward fluxes of nitrate aerosol, averaging −0.2 μg m−2 s−1, were measured during daytime. The urban surface was not a significant source of sulfate aerosols. The measurements also showed that primary organic aerosol fluxes, approximated by hydrocarbon-like organic aerosols (HOA), displayed diurnal patterns similar to CO2 fluxes and anthropogenic urban activities. Overall, 47% of submicron organic aerosol emissions were HOA, 35% were oxygenated (OOA) and 18% were associated with biomass burning (BBOA). Organic aerosol fluxes were bi-directional, but on average HOA fluxes were 0.1 μg m−2 s−1, OOA fluxes were −0.03 μg m−2 s−1, and BBOA fluxes were −0.03 μg m−2 s−1. After accounting for size differences (PM1 vs PM2.5) and using an estimate of the black carbon component, comparison of the flux measurements with the 2006 gridded emissions inventory of Mexico City, showed that the daily-averaged total PM emission rates were essentially identical for the emission inventory and the flux measurements. However, the emission inventory included dust and metal particulate contributions, which were not included in the flux measurements. As a result, it appears that the inventory underestimates overall PM emissions for this location.

scholarly journals Contributions of different anthropogenic volatile organic compound sources to ozone formation at a receptor site in the Pearl River Delta region and its policy implications

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (13) ◽  
pp. 8801-8816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuoran He ◽  
Xuemei Wang ◽  
Zhenhao Ling ◽  
Jun Zhao ◽  
Hai Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Pearl River Delta ◽  
Receptor Site ◽  
Pearl River ◽  
Vehicular Emissions ◽  
Vehicular Emission ◽  
Photochemical Pollution ◽  
The Pearl River Delta ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
The Pearl River

Abstract. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are key precursors of photochemical smog. Quantitatively evaluating the contributions of VOC sources to ozone (O3) formation could provide valuable information for emissions control and photochemical pollution abatement. This study analyzed continuous measurements of VOCs during the photochemical season in 2014 at a receptor site (Heshan site, HS) in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region, where photochemical pollution has been a long-standing issue. The averaged mixing ratio of measured VOCs was 34±3 ppbv, with the largest contribution from alkanes (17±2 ppbv, 49 %), followed by aromatics, alkenes and acetylene. The positive matrix factorization (PMF) model was applied to resolve the anthropogenic sources of VOCs, coupled with a photochemical-age-based parameterization that better considers the photochemical processing effects. Four anthropogenic emission sources were identified and quantified, with gasoline vehicular emission as the most significant contributor to the observed VOCs, followed by diesel vehicular emissions, biomass burning and solvent usage. The O3 photochemical formation regime at the HS was identified as VOC-limited by a photochemical box model with the master chemical mechanism (PBM-MCM). The PBM-MCM model results also suggested that vehicular emission was the most important source to the O3 formation, followed by biomass burning and solvent usage. Sensitivity analysis indicated that combined VOC and NOx emission controls would effectively reduce incremental O3 formation when the ratios of VOC-to-NOx emission reductions were > 3.8 for diesel vehicular emission, > 4.6 for solvent usage, > 4.6 for biomass burning and 3.3 for gasoline vehicular emission. Based on the above results, a brief review of the policies regarding the control of vehicular emissions and biomass burning in the PRD region from a regional perspective were also provided in this study. It reveals that different policies have been, and continue to be, implemented and formulated and could help to alleviate the photochemical pollution in the PRD region. Nevertheless, evaluation of the cost-benefit of each policy is still needed to improve air quality.

The Methodology to Establish a High Temporal Resolution Emission Inventory for Tunnel Source in City

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 1380-1383
Author(s):  
Qing Huang ◽  
Hao Han ◽  
Zhan Yi Zhang ◽  
Bo Guang Wang ◽  
Chun Lin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Temporal Resolution ◽  
Emission Inventory ◽  
Emission Source ◽  
Monitoring Data ◽  
High Temporal Resolution ◽  
Air Quality Model ◽  
Surrounding Area ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Emissions Inventory

Tunnel source is an important emission source in urban microenvironment, and the influence of emission pollutants from tunnel source to air quality in surrounding area could not be ignored. In this study the monitoring data in the entrance and the exit of the tunnel was used to calculate the emission amount from tunnel source. Then the methodology to establish the tunnel source emission inventory with a high temporal resolution was discussed in this paper. This research would provide basis for the establishment of the emission inventory in urban microenvironment, and provide a more realistic emissions inventory to Air Quality Model.

Evolution Characteristics of Wuhan Lakeshore Land Utilization in Urbanization Process

2011 ◽  
Vol 224 ◽  
pp. 185-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Wu ◽  
Hao Xie
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Land Utilization ◽  
Urbanization Process ◽  
Wuhan City ◽  
Construction Land ◽  
Theoretical Support ◽  
Important Region ◽  
Evolution Characteristics ◽  
Gis Data

As the important region of economic growth in Wuhan City, lakeshore region has become a major concern in recent years. Because of vast population and limited land, there is a contradiction of lakeshore utilization. According to the quantitative data of transformation from lakeshore land to construction land in Wuhan in different years, this paper aims at the evolution characteristics of lakeshore land utilization by the analysis of GIS data and the relevant policies. The purpose of the paper is to provide theoretical support for the development and plan of Wuhan lakeshore land utilization and offer bases for the trend of development of lakeshore land utilization in urbanization process of Wuhan.

scholarly journals Formaldehyde and its relation to CO, PAN, and SO<sub>2</sub> in the Houston-Galveston airshed

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 2413-2424 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Rappenglück ◽  
P. K. Dasgupta ◽  
M. Leuchner ◽  
Q. Li ◽  
W. Luke
Keyword(s):  
Photochemical Activity ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Vehicular Emissions ◽  
Industrial Emissions ◽  
Vehicular Emission ◽  
Mixing Ratios ◽  
Key Species ◽  
The Us ◽  
Houston Ship Channel ◽  
Very High

Abstract. The Houston-Galveston Airshed (HGA) is one of the major metropolitan areas in the US that is classified as a nonattainment area of federal ozone standards. Formaldehyde (HCHO) is a key species in understanding ozone related air pollution; some of the highest HCHO concentrations in North America have been reported for the HGA. We report on HCHO measurements in the HGA from summer 2006. Among several sites, maximum HCHO mixing ratios were observed in the Houston Ship Channel (HSC), a region with a very high density of industrial/petrochemical operations. HCHO levels at the Moody Tower (MT) site close to downtown were dependent on the wind direction: southerly maritime winds brought in background levels (0.5–1 ppbv) while trajectories originating in the HSC resulted in high HCHO (up to 31.5 ppbv). Based on the best multiparametric linear regression model fit, the HCHO levels at the MT site can be accounted for as follows: 38.5±12.3% from primary vehicular emissions (using CO as an index of vehicular emission), 24.1±17.7% formed photochemically (using peroxyacetic nitric anhydride (PAN) as an index of photochemical activity) and 8.9±11.2% from industrial emissions (using SO2 as an index of industrial emissions). The balance 28.5±12.7% constituted the residual which cannot be easily ascribed to the above categories and/or which is transported into the HGA. The CO related HCHO fraction is dominant during the morning rush hour (06:00–09:00 h, all times are given in CDT); on a carbon basis, HCHO emissions are up to 0.7% of the CO emissions. The SO2 related HCHO fraction is significant between 09:00–12:00 h. After 12:00 h HCHO is largely formed through secondary processes. The HCHO/PAN ratios are dependent on the SO2 levels. The SO2 related HCHO fraction at the downtown site originates in the ship channel. Aside from traffic-related primary HCHO emissions, HCHO of industrial origin serves as an appreciable source for OH in the morning.

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