Biodegradation of 2, 4-Dinitrotoluene by Pseudomonas fluorescens sp. Isolated from a Nitrobenzene Contaminated Soil

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 1233-1236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhong Hua Huang ◽  
Xue Pu ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Fang Yuan ◽  
Zheng Li Liu

A 2,4-Dinitrotoluene degrading bacterium was isolated from sludge contaminated by DNT and identified as a member of Pseudomonas fluorescens sp. based on 16S rDNA sequence. Under growth substrates limited conditions, the strain was enriched with 2,4-DNT as its sole source of carbon and energy in the groundwater environment. Results indicate the isolate grew optimally at 12(±4)°C and initial pH 7.5 in the mineral salts medium supplemented 2,4-DNT with 40mg/L, thus showing potential for the remediation of 2,4-DNT contaminated groundwater.

2004 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 783-789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Célia M. Manaia ◽  
Balbina Nogales ◽  
Norbert Weiss ◽  
Olga C. Nunes

A Gram-positive, molinate-degrading bacterium, strain ON4T (=DSM 13485T=LMG 21909T), was isolated from a mixed bacterial culture able to mineralize the herbicide molinate. The strain was strictly aerobic, oxidase- and catalase-positive and non-acid-fast, with a growth temperature of 10–41 °C. It contained the major menaquinone MK-9 and a cell-wall peptidoglycan based on d-ornithine. 16S rDNA sequence analysis revealed that the strain formed a distinct line of descent in the family Microbacteriaceae, showing the highest 16S rDNA similarity (∼95 %) to members of the genus Curtobacterium and ‘Brevibacterium helvolum’ DSM 20419 (=ATCC 13715). The latter was reported to have the cell-wall peptidoglycan type B2γ and the major menaquinone MK-9, which are typical of Clavibacter, but it is clearly separated from this genus at the phylogenetic level. Based on low values of 16S rDNA sequence similarity to previously described genera and their distinctive phenotypic characteristics, it is proposed that strains ON4T and ‘B. helvolum’ DSM 20419 be classified as two novel genera and species, with the respective names Gulosibacter molinativorax gen. nov., sp. nov. and Pseudoclavibater helvolus gen. nov., sp. nov.


2016 ◽  
Vol 723 ◽  
pp. 628-632
Author(s):  
Rong Hu Zhang ◽  
Zhen Hua Zhou ◽  
Jian Cheng Feng

A highly efficient lambda-cyhalothrin-degrading bacterium, designated as strain ZC-5, was isolated from the activated sludge of a sewage aeration tank in a pesticide factory by enrichment acclimation and the streak plate method. Strain ZC-5 can grow on minimal medium with lambda-cyhalothrin as the sole source of carbon and nitrogen. After cultivation for 6 h to 24 h, the biomass of the bacterial strain significantly increased at the logarithmic phase. By contrast, the concentration of lambda-cyhalothrin rapidly decreased. The residual lambda-cyhalothrin presented a concentration of 250 mg/L and a degradation rate of 50%. Gas chromatography revealed that this strain can degrade 87.1% lambda-cyhalothrin (500 mg/L) in the culture within 2 days. Morphological analysis showed the Gram-negative strain as short rods. Physiological and biochemical characterizations, as well as phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rDNA sequence identified the bacterium to be an Achromobacter xylosoxidans strain. Results showed that this strain can provide a novel strategy to biodegrade the pesticide lambda-cyhalothrin.


2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rim Werheni Ammeri ◽  
Ines Mehri ◽  
Souhir Badi ◽  
Wafa Hassen ◽  
Abdenaceur Hassen

Fluorescent Pseudomonads strains were considered as plant growth promoting bacteria. They exhibited antagonistic activities against phytopathogens and showed bio-fertilizing properties. The strain Pseudomonas fluorescens PsWw128, isolated from wastewater, can use the pentachlorophenol (PCP) as the sole source of carbon and energy. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and spectrophotometric methods were used to follow the PCP degradation and biomass PsWw128 formation. However, the removal efficiency of PCP was highly significant. Thus, PsWw128 was able to degrade more than 99% of PCP when this isolate was grown under a high concentration of PCP (250 mg L–1) in a mineral salts medium (MSM). The simultaneous utilization of glucose and PCP indicates the diauxic growth pattern of PsWw128. PCP addition (100 mg L–1) in the growth medium can contribute to a decrease of the antibiotic susceptibility, and increase the biofilm development. In the presence of the toxic pollutant PCP (100, 200 and 250 mg L–1), the antibiotic sensitivity showed a decrease concerning the seven antibiotics tested. Furthermore, the biofilm formation appeared very low with OD600 = 0.075 in the Brain infusion broth supplemented with 25% of glucose, and developed a significant growth with an OD600 = 1.809 in the MSM supplemented with 250 mg L–1 of PCP.


2004 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 851-855 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan-Taek Im ◽  
Hee-Sung Bae ◽  
Akira Yokota ◽  
Sung Taik Lee

A 4-chlorophenol-degrading bacterial strain, formerly designated as a strain of Comamonas testosteroni, was reclassified as a member of the genus Herbaspirillum based on its phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, as well as phylogenetic analysis using 16S rDNA sequences. Phylogenetic inference based on 16S rDNA sequences showed that strain CPW301T clusters in a phylogenetic branch that contains Herbaspirillum species. 16S rDNA sequence similarity of strain CPW301T to species of the genus Herbaspirillum with validly published names is in the range 98·7–98·9 %. Despite the considerably high 16S rDNA sequence similarity, strain CPW301T could be distinguished clearly from type strains of Herbaspirillum species with validly published names by DNA–DNA relatedness values, which were <15·7 %. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain CPW301T is 61·3 mol%. The predominant ubiquinone is Q-8 and the major cellular fatty acids are C16 : 0 and cyclo-C17 : 0. The strain does not fix nitrogen and is not plant-associated. It is an aerobic rod with one unipolar flagellum. On the basis of these characteristics, a novel Herbaspirillum species, Herbaspirillum chlorophenolicum sp. nov., is proposed. The type strain of the novel species is strain CPW301T (=KCTC 12096T=IAM 15024T).


2013 ◽  
Vol 647 ◽  
pp. 588-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ren Peng ◽  
Gui Juan Yang ◽  
Qi Ming Wang ◽  
Yun Yun Du ◽  
Jia Rong Li

In this study, with phenol as sole source of carbon, a phenol-degrading strain was isolated from rotting wood and polluted sludge. The strain was identified as Rhodococcus ruber SD3 according to their morphological features and 16S rDNA sequence. Rhodococcus ruber SD3 almost completely degraded 1.0g L-1 phenol in 72 hours. Rhodococcus ruber SD3 was also capable of growing in a medium containing isooctane, cyclohexane, benzene, n-heptane, toluene, acetonitrile, chlorobenzene, naphthalene, n-hexane, 1-naphthol and dimethylbenzene as sole carbon source, respectively. Rhodococcus ruber SD3 was mutated using LiCl as a chemical mutagen. The optimal concentration of LiCl for mutagenesis was 0.3 %. The mutant M1 could degrade 99.8 % of 1.5 g L-1 phenol within 72h. The optimum pH and temperature for the degradation of phenol with mutant M1 were 7.5 and 35°C.


2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-168
Author(s):  
Thi Quyen Ha ◽  
Thi Thu Ha CHU

The nitrogen fixing bacteria (NFB) and phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) are used widely for producing of microbiological fertilizers. This study aims to seek nitrogen-fixing and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria strains to add to the collection of candidate strains for producing single and multi-function microbiological fertilizers. From 40 soil samples of 8 fields for cultivating rice, medicinal plants and vegetables, 15 NFB strains and 12 PSB strains were isolated and determined the ability of fixing nitrogen and solubilizing inorganic phosphate compound through creation of NH4+ and PO4- in culture medium. Among 15 NFB strains, the fixing nitrogen activities of 7 strains were much higher than the remaining strains, including NFBR3, NFBV2, NFBM5, NFBM3, NFBM1, NFBV5 and NFBR2 with NH4+ concentration 18.85 mg/l, 18.41 mg/l, 17.32 mg/l, 16.19 mg/l, 15.49 mg/l, 12.83 mg/l and 12.57 mg/l, respectively Among 12 PSB strains, The ability of solubilizing phosphate of 5 strains were higher than the others, including PSBM2, PSBR1, PSBV1, PSBR5 and PSBR3 with PO4- concentration 14.49 mg/l, 11.83 mg/l, 11.33 mg/l, 10.65 mg/l, 10.37 mg/l, respectively. 3 NFB strains (NFBR3, NFBV2, NFBM5) and 3 PSB strains (PSBM2, PSBR1, PSBV1) with higher activity were identified by 16S-rDNA sequence analysis and comparing to some homologous sequences in genbank. The results showed that NFBR3 was identified as Azotobacter vinelandii, NFBV2 as Azopirillum brasilense, NFBM5 as Azotobacter chroococum, PSBM2 and PSBV1 as Pseudomonas fluorescens and PSBR1 as Bacillus subtilis. Vi khuẩn cố định nitơ (NFB) và vi khuẩn phân giải phosphate (PSB) được sử dụng rộng rãi trong sản xuất phân bón vi sinh. Nghiên cứu này nhằm mục đích tìm kiếm các chủng vi khuẩn cố định nitơ và hòa tan phosphate, bổ sung vào bộ sưu tập các chủng dự tuyển cho sản xuất phân bón vi sinh đơn và đa chức năng. Từ 40 mẫu đất của 8 ruộng trồng lúa, cây dược liệu và rau màu, 15 chủng NFB và 12 chủng PSB đã được phân lập và xác định khả năng cố định nitơ và phân giải phosphate vô cơ thông qua sự tạo thành NH4+ và PO4- trong môi trường nuôi cấy. Trong số 15 chủng NFB, có 7 chủng có hoạt tính cố định nitơ cao hơn những chủng còn lại, bao gồm các chủng NFBR3, NFBV2, NFBM5, NFBM3, NFBM1, NFBV5 và NFBR2 với nồng độ NH4+ lần lượt là 18.85mg/l, 18.41 mg/l, 17.32 mg/l, 16.19 mg/l, 15.49 mg/l, 12.83 mg/l và 12.5 7mg/l. Trong số 12, có 5 chủng có khả năng phân giải phosphate cao hơn những chủng khác, bao gồm chủng PSBM2, PSBR1, PSBV1, PSBR5 và PSBR3 với nồng độ PO4- lần lượt là 14.49 mg/l, 11.83 mg/l, 11.33 mg/l, 10.65 mg/l và 10.37 mg/l. Các chủng NFB và PSB này đều xuất hiện ơ các mẫu đất trồng lúa, đất trồng cây dược liệu và đất trồng rau màu. 3 chủng NFB và 3 chủng PSB với hoạt tính cố định nitơ và phân giải phosphate cao hơn được định loại bằng phân tích trình tự gen 16S-rDNA và so sánh với một số trình tự tương đồng trong genebank. Kết quả chỉ ra rằng chủng NFBR3 được định danh là Azotobacter vinelandii, chủng NFBV2 là Azopirillum brasilense, chủng NFBM5 là Azotobacter chroococum, chủng PSBM2 và chủng PSBV1 là Pseudomonas fluorescens và chủng PSBR1 là Bacillus subtilis.


2000 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Razia Kutty ◽  
Hemant J Purohit ◽  
Purushottam Khanna

Pseudomonas sp. strain PH1 was isolated from soil contaminated with pharmaceutical and dye industry waste. The isolate PH1 could use m-aminophenol as a sole source of carbon, nitrogen, and energy to support the growth. PH1 could degrade up to 0.32 mM m-aminophenol in 120 h, when provided as nitrogen source at 0.4 mM concentration with citrate (0.5 mM) as a carbon source in the growth medium. The presence of ammonium chloride as an additional nitrogen source repressed the degradation of m-aminophenol by PH1. To identify strain PH1, the 16S rDNA sequence was amplified by PCR using conserved eubacterial primers. The FASTA program was used to analyze the 16S rDNA sequence and the resulting homology patterns suggested that PH1 is a Pseudomonas.Key words: m-aminophenol, resorcinol, DNA sequencing.


2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (8) ◽  
pp. 1882-1890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linqiong Wang ◽  
Yi Li ◽  
Lihua Niu ◽  
Yu Dai ◽  
Yue Wu ◽  
...  

Seven phylogenetically diverse phenol-degrading bacterial strains designated as P1 to P7 were isolated from the industry-effluent dump sites of an industrial area near Taihu Lake, China. Through the 16S rDNA sequence analysis, these strains were widely distributed among five different genera: Rhodococcus (P1), Pseudomonas (P2–P4), Acinetobacter (P5), Alcaligenes (P6), and Microbacterium (P7). All seven isolates were capable of growing with phenol as the sole carbon source. Strain P7 was found to be a novel phenol-degrading strain by detailed morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristic analysis as well as the 16S rDNA sequence analyses, and was named Microbacterium oxydans LY1 (M. oxydans LY1 in its short form). Degradation experiments of phenol at various initial concentrations (20–1,000 mg/L) revealed that phenol is an inhibitory substrate to M. oxydans LY1. In a batch culture experiment, more than 95% of the phenol (500 mg/L) was degraded by M. oxydans LY1 at 30°C, pH 7.0 and 120 rpm within 88 h. Phenol concentration higher than 200 mg/L was found to inhibit the bacterial growth. The growth kinetics correlated well with the Haldane model with μmax (maximum specific cell growth rate) = 0.243 h−1, Ks (saturation constant) = 25.7 mg/L, and Ki (self-inhibition constant) = 156.3 mg/L. This is the first report of the ability of M. oxydans to degrade phenol, and the results could provide important information for bioremediation of phenol-contaminated environments.


2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-304
Author(s):  
G. D.Sharma G. D.Sharma ◽  
◽  
* Dhritiman Chanda ◽  
D.K. Jha D.K. Jha

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