Study on Kinetics and Biocompatibility Evaluation of Multiple Polymer Layer with Biochemical Material Properties in Drug-Eluting Stent

The Paclitaxel-eluting stents (PTX) with three-layered polymer coating were studied in this work. The PLGA (polylactic acid-co-glycolic acid) with 15 percent PEG (poly ethylene glycol) concentration in blend have been applied for preparing multiple layer drug carrier and fabricated on the surface of 316L stainless steel stents by ultrasonic atomization spraying method. The Paclitaxel was explored in doses: (~255μg) for single layer coated PTX (30 wt%), and (~275μg) for multiple layer coated PTX in accordance. Pre- and post-expansion surface morphologies of multiple layer stent were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The Paclitaxel release kinetics was studied by comparative method of release profiles of single layer PTX with 3-layered polymer coated PTX. The biocompatibility by hemolysis ratio and dynamic clotting time with platelet adhesion measurements also was investigated.

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In Vitro Drug Release and Hemocompatibility of Biodegradable Plga/Peg Coated Paclitaxel-Eluting Stents

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.651.49 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 651 ◽

pp. 49-53

Author(s):

Sergey Pavlinich ◽

Xi Wei Liu ◽

Li Da Hou ◽

Hong Zhao ◽

Zhen Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

316L Stainless Steel ◽

Drug Carrier ◽

Weight Ratio ◽

High Dose ◽

Clotting Time ◽

Copolymer Coating ◽

Poly Ethylene ◽

Surface Morphologies ◽

Spraying Method

The Paclitaxel-eluting stents (PTX) with biodegradable copolymer coating were studied in investigations. The polymer blend composition of PLGA (polylactic acid-co-glycolic acid) and PEG (poly ethylene glycol) have been applied as drug carrier and fabricated on the surface of 316L stainless steel stents by ultrasonic atomization spraying method. Were explored three doses: low-dose (~80μg per stent, 10 wt%), moderate-dose (~150μg per stent , 20 wt%), and high-dose (~220μg per stent , 30 wt%). The weight ratio of Paclitaxel to PLGA/PEG blends was 10:90, 20:80, and 30:70. Pre- and post-expansion surface morphologies of the Paclitaxel-eluting copolymer coating stents were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The quantitative analysis of Paclitaxel release in vitro and hemocompatibility by hemolysis ratio and dynamic clotting time measurement also were investigated.

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Optimization of Plasma Treatment, Manipulative Variables and Coating Composition for the Controlled Filling and Coating of a Microstructured Reservoir Stent

Journal of Medical Devices ◽

10.1115/1.3081394 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mustapha Mekki ◽

Stéphane Durual ◽

Susanne S. Scherrer ◽

Johannes Lammers ◽

H. W. Anselm Wiskott

Keyword(s):

Surrounding Tissue ◽

Drug Eluting Stent ◽

Stent Insertion ◽

Coating Solution ◽

Drug Eluting ◽

Dipping Process ◽

Poly Ethylene ◽

Peg 8000 ◽

Activation Type ◽

Percentage Ratio

The object of the study was to fill and coat the microcavities of a drug eluting stent using a batch dipping process. 316L coronary stents, which were coated with a 0.25 μm layer of TiNOx were used as substrates. The stents’ surface was dimpled with 0.21 μl microcavities separated by distances of 17–28 μm depending on location. The experiment consisted of (1) optimizing the procedures to fill the microcavities with a solution of therapeutic agent and (2) covering the filled microcavities with a protective “lid” that shielded the solution during stent insertion in the arteries and then controlled its release into the surrounding tissue. The filling solution was a water-propanol mix containing 20% L-arginine. The coating solution was comprised of poly-ethylene-glycol (PEG-8000) and dexamethasone. The filling quality was investigated after altering the following variables: plasma surface activation (type of gas, pressure, power, and duration), water-propanol percentage ratio of the filling solution, lifting speed from the bath, and effect of ultrasonic vibration (monofrequency versus multifrequency). The surface coating was evaluated by altering the PEG-8000-dexamethasone percentage ratio and recording the effects on coating thickness and structure, on elution rate, and on wear resistance. The optimized process is presented in detail.

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Synthesis and Appraisal of Natural Drug-Polymer-Based Matrices Relevant to the Application of Drug-Eluting Coronary Stent Coatings

Cardiology Research and Practice ◽

10.1155/2020/4073091 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Bakhtawar Ghafoor ◽

Murtaza Najabat Ali ◽

Zainab Riaz

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Heart Diseases ◽

Drug Carrier ◽

Drug Eluting Stent ◽

Burst Release ◽

Coating Films ◽

Degradable Polymer ◽

Drug Eluting ◽

Natural Drugs

Cardiovascular diseases are becoming a leading cause of death in the world, and attention is being paid to develop natural drug-based treatment to cure heart diseases. Curcumin, ginger, and magnolol are pharmaceutically active in many ways, having properties including anticoagulation, antiproliferation, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant, and may be used to synthesis coatings for drug-eluting stents to treat cardiovascular diseases. In the present investigation, a degradable polymer with varying molecular weights was used as a drug carrier to control the degradation of polymer; three different natural drugs such as curcumin, magnolol, and ginger were used owing to their reported pharmacological properties. The results of in vitro measurements of all three natural drugs released from drug-loaded polymeric films showed an initial burst release followed by a sustained release for up to 38 days of measurement. On the other hand, different levels of hemocompatibility were observed by varying concentrations of natural drugs in human erythrocytes. As per the ASTM F756 standard, ginger having low concentration showed optimum hemocompatibility with regard to the drug-eluting stent application as compared with magnolol and curcumin concentrations, which showed suboptimal hemocompatibility and fall in the range of mild-to-severe blood toxicity category. The structure of the coating films was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with results suggesting that there was no chemical bonding between the polymer and drug. Thus, according to this study, it can be concluded that after more detailed in vitro testing such as hemocompatibility tests and platelet adhesion testing, ginger can be a better candidate as a drug-coating material for drug-eluting stent applications.

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Production, Characterization and Application of Oxide Nanotubes on Ti–6Al–7Nb Alloy as a Potential Drug Carrier

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14206142 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (20) ◽

pp. 6142

Author(s):

Bożena Łosiewicz ◽

Agnieszka Stróż ◽

Patrycja Osak ◽

Joanna Maszybrocka ◽

Anna Gerle ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solution ◽

Drug Release ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Release Kinetics ◽

Drug Carrier ◽

Potential Drug ◽

Voltage Range ◽

Inflammatory Conditions ◽

Drug Eluting

This work concerns the development of a method of functionalization of the surface of the biomedical Ti–6Al–7Nb alloy by producing oxide nanotubes (ONTs) with drug-eluting properties. Shaping of the morphology, microstructure, and thickness of the oxide layer was carried out by anodization in an aqueous solution of 1 M ethylene glycol with the addition of 0.2 M NH4F in the voltage range 5–100 V for 15–60 min at room temperature. The characterization of the physicochemical properties of the obtained ONTs was performed using SEM, XPS, and EDAX methods. ONTs have been shown to be composed mainly of TiO2, Al2O3, and Nb2O5. Single-walled ONTs with the largest specific surface area of 600 cm2 cm−2 can be obtained by anodization at 50 V for 60 min. The mechanism of ONT formation on the Ti–6Al–7Nb alloy was studied in detail. Gentamicin sulfate loaded into ONTs was studied using FTIR, TG, DTA, and DTG methods. Drug release kinetics was determined by UV–Vis spectrophotometry. The obtained ONTs can be proposed for use in modern implantology as carriers for drugs delivered locally in inflammatory conditions.

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Drug release kinetics from a drug-eluting stent with asymmetrical coat

Frontiers in Bioscience ◽

10.2741/4491 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 407-415 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Egon Toft

Keyword(s):

Drug Release ◽

Release Kinetics ◽

Drug Eluting Stent ◽

Drug Release Kinetics ◽

Drug Eluting

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Surface-Degradable Drug-Eluting Stent with Anticoagulation, Antiproliferation, and Endothelialization Functions

Biomolecules ◽

10.3390/biom9020069 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 69 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Ruixia Hou ◽

Leigang Wu ◽

Jin Wang ◽

Zhilu Yang ◽

Qiufen Tu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Carrier ◽

Drug Eluting Stents ◽

Drug Eluting Stent ◽

Surface Erosion ◽

The Novel ◽

Trimethylene Carbonate ◽

Spray Method ◽

Durable Polymer ◽

316 L Stainless Steel ◽

Drug Eluting

Drug-eluting stents (DES) have been widely applied for saving the life of patients with coronary artery diseases (CADs). However, conventional polymers such as polylactic acid (PLA) and poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), which are widely applied for drug-eluting stents studies, have serious bulk erosion problems, like high local acidity and poor mechanical properties. Instead, we chose surface erosion polymer poly (1, 3-trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC) as a drug carrier in this study. Here, we fabricated and characterized a novel durable-polymer drug-eluting 316 L stainless steel (SS) stent, in which the inner surface was coated with a Ti–O film using the magnetron sputtering method to promote the growth of endothelial cells (ECs). On the outer layer of the stent, first, a Ti–O film was deposited and, then, on top of it a rapamycin-loaded PTMC coat was deposited using the ultrasonic atomization spray method. This dual coating inhibited the migration and expansion of smooth muscle cells (SMCs). The drug coating also inhibited the adhesion/activation of platelets. In tests on dogs, it was found the novel stent promoted re-endothelialization and reduced restenosis, in contrast to the plain SS stent. Thus, the novel stent may have promise for use in treating patients with CAD.

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Drug-Eluting Coronary Stents Coated with Polysulfone-Poly(ethylene Oxide) Block Copolymer by Ultrasonic Spray

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.373-374.633 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 373-374 ◽

pp. 633-636 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Xing Zhong Gu ◽

Hong Yi ◽

Zhong Hua Ni ◽

Jian Hua Fang

Keyword(s):

Drug Release ◽

Ethylene Oxide ◽

Release Rate ◽

Drug Carrier ◽

Optimal Operation ◽

Drug Release Rate ◽

Ultrasonic Spray ◽

Drug Eluting ◽

Poly Ethylene Oxide ◽

Poly Ethylene

Amphiphilic polysulfone-poly(ethylene oxide) block copolymers (PSF-b-PEOs) with different contents of PEO, have been successfully synthesized and employed as the drug carrier for use in drug-eluting stent (DES) systems. They are well soluble in organic solvents such as tetrahydrofuran (THF). Cell growth, hemolysis, cell hyperplasia, toxicity and sensitization tests revealed that PSF-b-PEOs have good biocompatibility. Silolimus was selected as the drug and the loading level was controlled at 10 or 20 wt%. PSF-b-PEO-coated stents were fabricated by the widely used ultrasonic spray coating technique. Pre- and post-expansion morphologies of the coatings were observed by optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Under the optimal operation conditions, the stents have uniform and smooth coating surface. No cracks or peels were observed when the coating stents were expanded. No drug particles were observed on the stent surface. PEO content in PSF-b-PEOs greatly influences drug release rate, and the higher the PEO content, the faster the release rate. PSF-b-PEO film comprising 30% PEO displayed relatively reasonable drug release rate, i.e., about 80% silolimus were released from the film after release tests in phosphate buffer solutions (PH = 7.4) containing 10 v% ethanol at 37 °C for 24 days.

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