Development of an Internet of Civil Infrastructure Framework

2013 ◽  
Vol 684 ◽  
pp. 583-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Der Cherng Liaw ◽  
Tzu Hsuan Lin
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Management ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Middle Layer ◽  
Data Representation ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Civil Infrastructure ◽  
Information Platform ◽  
Civil Infrastructures ◽  
Layered Architecture ◽  
Novel Concept

Nowadays, the civil infrastructures are subjected to disasters such as fires, floods, and earthquakes. Recently, the novel concept of Internet of Things (IoT) is known to be useful for managing crisis situations via providing a good disaster management and emergency response information. This paper addresses the civil infrastructure issue of health monitoring and disaster management by introducing IoT technology. A concept of internet of civil infrastructure (IoCI) framework is also proposed in this paper. The proposed framework is a three layered architecture. Among them, the top layer is a wireless sensor network (WSN) client which is deployed in civil infrastructure to perform specific tasks such as sensing, data processing, and acknowledgement. The middle layer is an information exchange web service (IEWS) through which all the information such as sensor data, structural health and location are exchanged, while the remaining layer is a mobile device based information platform for data representation, control, and event notification.

Mobile Technologies in Disaster Healthcare

2021 ◽  
pp. 155-174
Author(s):  
Samaneh Madanian ◽  
Reem Abubakr Abbas ◽  
Tony Norris ◽  
Dave Parry
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Management ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Disaster Medicine ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Mobile Technologies ◽  
The Future ◽  
Operational Aspects

The increasing penetration of smartphones and their ability to host mobile technologies have shown valuable outcomes in disaster management; albeit, their application in disaster medicine remains limited. In this chapter, the authors explore the role of mobile technologies for clinical applications and communication and information exchange during disasters. The chapter synthesizes the literature on disaster healthcare and mobile technologies before, during, and after disasters discusses technological and operational aspects. They conclude by discussing limitations in the field and prospects for the future.

scholarly journals A Cloud Based Disaster Management System

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Cheikhrouhou ◽  
Anis Koubaa ◽  
Anis Zarrad
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Game Engine ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Lossy Networks ◽  
Training Environment ◽  
3D Environment

The combination of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) and 3D virtual environments opens a new paradigm for their use in natural disaster management applications. It is important to have a realistic virtual environment based on datasets received from WSNs to prepare a backup rescue scenario with an acceptable response time. This paper describes a complete cloud-based system that collects data from wireless sensor nodes deployed in real environments and then builds a 3D environment in near real-time to reflect the incident detected by sensors (fire, gas leaking, etc.). The system’s purpose is to be used as a training environment for a rescue team to develop various rescue plans before they are applied in real emergency situations. The proposed cloud architecture combines 3D data streaming and sensor data collection to build an efficient network infrastructure that meets the strict network latency requirements for 3D mobile disaster applications. As compared to other existing systems, the proposed system is truly complete. First, it collects data from sensor nodes and then transfers it using an enhanced Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks (RLP). A 3D modular visualizer with a dynamic game engine was also developed in the cloud for near-real time 3D rendering. This is an advantage for highly-complex rendering algorithms and less powerful devices. An Extensible Markup Language (XML) atomic action concept was used to inject 3D scene modifications into the game engine without stopping or restarting the engine. Finally, a multi-objective multiple traveling salesman problem (AHP-MTSP) algorithm is proposed to generate an efficient rescue plan by assigning robots and multiple unmanned aerial vehicles to disaster target locations, while minimizing a set of predefined objectives that depend on the situation. The results demonstrate that immediate feedback obtained from the reconstructed 3D environment can help to investigate what–if scenarios, allowing for the preparation of effective rescue plans with an appropriate management effort.

scholarly journals Architectural concepts for managing biomedical sensor data utilised for medical diagnosis and patient remote care.

2018 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 05016
Author(s):  
Mariusz Chmielewski ◽  
Damian Frąszczak ◽  
Dawid Bugajewski
Keyword(s):  
Data Processing ◽  
Data Acquisition ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Data Representation ◽  
Medical Diagnostics ◽  
Mobile Technologies ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Biomedical Data ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Decision Algorithms

This paper discusses experiences and architectural concepts developed and tested aimed at acquisition and processing of biomedical data in large scale system for elderly (patients) monitoring. Major assumptions for the research included utilisation of wearable and mobile technologies, supporting maximum number of inertial and biomedical data to support decision algorithms. Although medical diagnostics and decision algorithms have not been the main aim of the research, this preliminary phase was crucial to test capabilities of existing off-the-shelf technologies and functional responsibilities of system’s logic components. Architecture variants contained several schemes for data processing moving the responsibility for signal feature extraction, data classification and pattern recognition from wearable to mobile up to server facilities. Analysis of transmission and processing delays provided architecture variants pros and cons but most of all knowledge about applicability in medical, military and fitness domains. To evaluate and construct architecture, a set of alternative technology stacks and quantitative measures has been defined. The major architecture characteristics (high availability, scalability, reliability) have been defined imposing asynchronous processing of sensor data, efficient data representation, iterative reporting, event-driven processing, restricting pulling operations. Sensor data processing persist the original data on handhelds but is mainly aimed at extracting chosen set of signal features calculated for specific time windows – varying for analysed signals and the sensor data acquisition rates. Long term monitoring of patients requires also development of mechanisms, which probe the patient and in case of detecting anomalies or drastic characteristic changes tune the data acquisition process. This paper describes experiences connected with design of scalable decision support tool and evaluation techniques for architectural concepts implemented within the mobile and server software.

scholarly journals BIM in People2People and Things2People Interactive Process

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 2982
Author(s):  
Bruno Mataloto ◽  
João C. Ferreira ◽  
Ricardo Resende ◽  
Rita Moura ◽  
Sílvia Luís
Keyword(s):  
User Behavior ◽  
3D Visualization ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Data Representation ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Shared Spaces ◽  
Interactive 3D ◽  
Interaction Approach ◽  
Real Time Information

In this research work, we present an IoT solution to environment variables using a LoRa transmission technology to give real-time information to users in a Things2People process and achieve savings by promoting behavior changes in a People2People process. These data are stored and later processed to identify patterns and integrate with visualization tools, which allow us to develop an environmental perception while using the system. In this project, we implemented a different approach based on the development of a 3D visualization tool that presents the system collected data, warnings, and other users’ perception in an interactive 3D model of the building. This data representation introduces a new People2People interaction approach to achieve savings in shared spaces like public buildings by combining sensor data with the users’ individual and collective perception. This approach was validated at the ISCTE-IUL University Campus, where this 3D IoT data representation was presented in mobile devices, and from this, influenced user behavior toward meeting campus sustainability goals.

Intelligent Agents for E-Commerce

2001 ◽  
pp. 101-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merrill Warkentin ◽  
Vijayan Sugumaran ◽  
Ravi Bapna
Keyword(s):  
Information Exchange ◽  
Business Models ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Intelligent Agent ◽  
Data Representation ◽  
Decision Criteria ◽  
Return Policies ◽  
New Business ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Price Comparisons

A characteristic feature of the explosive growth in electronic commerce is the rapid innovation and adoption of new technologies, which results in the creation of new business relationships between consumers, firms, and markets. One such technology that is profoundly changing the dynamics of the electronic marketplace is ‘intelligent agent’ technology. Agents have the ability to autonomously carry out various activities on behalf of their principals. At a micro-economic level, agents can help buyers and sellers achieve greater efficiencies of information exchange in the electronic business-to-consumer and business-to-business domains. Additionally, they facilitate the creation of vertically integrated portals that have a significant impact on the macroeconomic landscape. Using many real-world examples, we characterize the different roles that software agents play in the various e-commerce business models and also touch upon their impact on creation of new market structures. We address price-matching versus price-comparison agents. We highlight the various purchase decision criteria evident in various vertical markets and suggest the need for a cross-industry product (and service) attribute data representation model, based on the expanded capabilities of XML. We contrast the autonomous price comparisons enabled by agents with the expanded criteria comparisons facilitated by the e-commerce rating sites. We discuss the public policy implications of these second-generation e-commerce agents with regard to data representation standardization and consumer information privacy. We present future directions for intelligent agent functions that encompass standard representation of decision criteria such as delivery and payment options, return policies, service, quality, trust, and reputation.

Structural health monitoring of civil infrastructure

2006 ◽  
Vol 365 (1851) ◽  
pp. 589-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M.W Brownjohn
Keyword(s):  
Structural Health Monitoring ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Civil Infrastructure ◽  
Structural Health ◽  
Civil Infrastructures ◽  
Economic Operation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Computer Based

Structural health monitoring (SHM) is a term increasingly used in the last decade to describe a range of systems implemented on full-scale civil infrastructures and whose purposes are to assist and inform operators about continued ‘fitness for purpose’ of structures under gradual or sudden changes to their state, to learn about either or both of the load and response mechanisms. Arguably, various forms of SHM have been employed in civil infrastructure for at least half a century, but it is only in the last decade or two that computer-based systems are being designed for the purpose of assisting owners/operators of ageing infrastructure with timely information for their continued safe and economic operation. This paper describes the motivations for and recent history of SHM applications to various forms of civil infrastructure and provides case studies on specific types of structure. It ends with a discussion of the present state-of-the-art and future developments in terms of instrumentation, data acquisition, communication systems and data mining and presentation procedures for diagnosis of infrastructural ‘health’.

Efficient Processing of XML Path Queries Using BI Index

2011 ◽  
Vol 63-64 ◽  
pp. 119-123
Author(s):  
Xiang Yu Hu ◽  
Yun Yin Mo ◽  
Hai Wei Zhang ◽  
Xiao Jie Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Information Exchange ◽  
Data Representation ◽  
Query Languages ◽  
Structural Join ◽  
Join Algorithms ◽  
Efficient Processing ◽  
Path Queries ◽  
Labeling Scheme ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Parent Child

XML has been widely used for information exchange and storage as the de facto data representation format nowadays. Several XML query languages such XPath, XQuery and XML-QL have been proposed. Many structural join algorithms have been proposed for processing XPath queries, Although holistic twig join algorithms has been proved to be I/O optimal in terms of input and output sizes for queries with only ancestor-descendant edges, it cannot control the size of intermediate results for queries with parent-child edges. We address the problem of efficient path queries with mixed of ancestor-descendant and parent-child edges on a simple but novel index, called BI (i.e. Binary Index) based on Dewey labeling scheme. And we propose a new holistic path join algorithm, namely PSBI, which has the same performance as PathStack for query path with only ancestor-descendant edges, but it is significantly more efficient than PathStack for queries with the presence of parent-child edges. Experimental results demonstrate that the PSBI and BI index has a substantial performance improvement compared to original PathStack algorithm.

scholarly journals AN INTEGRATED RAPID MAPPING SYSTEM FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT

2017 ◽  
Vol XLII-1/W1 ◽  
pp. 499-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Hein ◽  
S. Bayer ◽  
R. Berger ◽  
T. Kraft ◽  
D. Lesmeister
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Software Tool ◽  
Aerial Images ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Camera System ◽  
Rapid Mapping ◽  
Mapping System ◽  
Effective Assessment

Natural disasters as well as major man made incidents are an increasingly serious threat for civil society. Effective, fast and coordinated disaster management crucially depends on the availability of a real-time situation picture of the affected area. However, in situ situation assessment from the ground is usually time-consuming and of limited effect, especially when dealing with large or inaccessible areas. A rapid mapping system based on aerial images can enable fast and effective assessment and analysis of medium to large scale disaster situations. This paper presents an integrated rapid mapping system that is particularly designed for real-time applications, where comparatively large areas have to be recorded in short time. The system includes a lightweight camera system suitable for UAV applications and a software tool for generating aerial maps from recorded sensor data within minutes after landing. The paper describes in particular which sensors are applied and how they are operated. Furthermore it outlines the procedure, how the aerial map is generated from image and additional gathered sensor data.

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