Preparation and Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2/Tourmaline Composite Catalyst

2013 ◽  
Vol 800 ◽  
pp. 464-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Chao Liu ◽  
Huan Yan Xu ◽  
Tian Nuo Shi ◽  
Li Cheng Wu ◽  
Ping Li
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Anatase Phase ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Rutile Phase ◽  
Composite Catalyst ◽  
Nanosized Particles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Composite Photocatalyst ◽  
X Ray

TiO2/tourmaline composite photocatalyst was prepared by sol-gel method using tetrabutyl orthotitanate (Ti (OC4H9)4) as a precursor. As a comparison, pure TiO2 was prepared at the same experimental conditons without the addition of tourmaline. The obtained composite photocatalyst was characterized by X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) and its photocatalytic activity was also investigated through the photodiscoloration of methyl orange (MO) under UV irradiation. The XRD results indicated that, in the composite photocatalyst, TiO2 existed in the form of anatase and rutile, with the sintering temperature and tourmaline content increasing, the anatase phase trended to the transformation to rutile phase. The SEM results revealed that the nanosized particles of TiO2 were well dispersed and immobilized on the surface of tourmaline, especially for the sample with 2% tourmaline content. Compared with pure TiO2, the composite photocatalyst exhibited a higher photocatalytic activity. When the pure TiO2 was used as the photocatalyst, the MO discoloration ratio only reached 55%. However, the MO discoloration ratio could approach 100% in presence of TiO2/tourmaline composit photocatalyst under the same conditions. The effects of tourmaline content and sintering temperature on the photocatalytic activity of the composite were studied in this work and the results suggested that the sample with 2% tourmaline content and sintered at the temperature of 550°C exhibited the best photocatalytic activity. Finally, the possible mechanism for the photodiscoloration of MO was put forward.

scholarly journals Co/TiO2 nanoparticles: preparation, characterization and its application for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
azadeh ebrahimian pirbazari ◽  
Pejman Monazzam ◽  
Behnam Fakhari Kisomi
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Tio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Anatase Phase ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Pure Tio2 ◽  
Cobalt Doping ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ft Ir

In this work, TiO2 nanoparticles containing different amounts of cobalt were synthesized by sol-gel method using titanium (IV) isopropoxide and cobalt chloride as titanium and cobalt precursors, respectively. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed prepared samples include 100% anatase phase. The presence of cobalt in TiO2 nanoparticle network was established by XRD, scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (SEM-EDX), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and N2 physisorption techniques. The increase of cobalt doping enhanced redshif in the diffuse reflectance spectra. The photocatalytic activity of the prepared samples was tested for degradation of methylene blue (MB) as a model of dye. Although the photocatalytic activity of pure TiO2 was found to be higher than that of Co/TiO2 samples under UV irradiation, the presence of 0.24% cobalt dopant in TiO2 nanoparticles resulted in a photocatalyst with the highest activity under visible light

Structural and Thermal Studies of Titanium Dioxide Gel Modified with Anatase Isostructural Zircon Silicate

2018 ◽  
Vol 930 ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
Eduardo Felipe de Carli ◽  
Natali Amarante da Cruz ◽  
Hiana Muniz Garcia ◽  
Jusinei Meireles Stropa ◽  
Lis Regiane Vizolli Favarin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Rietveld Method ◽  
Anatase Phase ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Thermal Studies ◽  
Rutile Phase ◽  
Structural Rearrangements ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

Important changes in anatase crystal structure are responsible for the consequent anatase-to-rutile phase transition in titanium dioxide powders. In order to investigate several structural rearrangements occurring in anatase phase obtained by hydrolysis-based method such as Sol-Gel method the X-ray diffraction techniques followed by Rietveld method seems to better approach. Several alterations in anatase lattice parameters can occur by doping insertion and the investigation of isostructural zircon silicate can provide interesting ones. In the present paper, the monitoring of anatase structure reordering and the consequent anatase-to-rutile phase transition along the thermal treatment up to higher temperatures were monitored carrying out DSC and XRD characterizations. The insertion of 6 mol% of zircon silicate leads to the fully anatase stabilization up to 900 °C due the control of ordering process, even that a continuous increasing in anatase tetragonality is present during the entire process. We can conclude the reconstructive anatase-to-rutile phase transition is delayed to very higher temperatures can consequence of more stable cross-linked metal oxide bond in anatase phase.

Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Fe:TiO2 Particles

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 28-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uraiwan Werapun ◽  
Jaraslak Pechwang
Keyword(s):  
Anatase Phase ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Rutile Phase ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Scanning Electron

TiO2 and iron-doped TiO2 were synthesized by sol-gel method. TiO2 and 0.5 %mol Fe:TiO2 were calcined at 500 and 800 °C for 3 h. The synthesized particles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), UV-VIS diffuse reflectance spectrophotometry (UV/DRS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive X-Ray analysis (SEM-EDX). The XRD patterns of all samples that were calcined at 500 °C showed only anatase phase. On increasing temperature from 500 to 800 °C, the anatase phase transformed to rutile phase. For 0.5 %mol Fe:TiO2, pseudobrookite (Fe2TiO5) phase was observed at 800 °C. The particles that contained rutile showed higher antibacterial activities against E.coli, B. subtilis, and S. aureus than anatase phase, under fluorescent irradiation.

Modification of the phase transition temperatures in titania doped with various cations

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 439-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Rodríguez-Talavera ◽  
S. Vargas ◽  
R. Arroyo-Murillo ◽  
R. Montiel-Campos ◽  
E. Haro-Poniatowski
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Anatase Phase ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Rutile Phase ◽  
Transition Temperatures ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Phase Transition Temperatures ◽  
Gel Technique ◽  
Almost All

Titania matrices prepared by a sol-gel technique were doped with several cations (La, Zn, Al, K, Na, Ca, Ba, and Co). The effect of the dopants on the thermal and structural properties of the materials is analyzed. The dopant concentration was 2% mol with respect to titanium, and in all cases the same anion (nitrate) was used. The transition temperatures from amorphous to anatase and from anatase to rutile were measured using x-ray diffraction. The amorphous-anatase transition is independent, for almost all samples, of the type of dopant used; however, the anatase-to-rutile phase transition depends strongly on the kind of cation. This means that the temperature range where the anatase phase exists can be controlled by choosing the appropriate dopant. We have found a correlation between the anatase-rutile phase transition temperature and the radius of the cations and their electric charge.

Influence of Mass Ratio of Aquadest and TTIP on the Synthesis of TiO2 Nanoparticles to Improve the Performance of DSSC with Beta-Carotene as Sensitizer

2014 ◽  
Vol 896 ◽  
pp. 481-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nafi'ah Ardhani ◽  
Agus Supriyanto ◽  
Akhmad Herman Yuwono ◽  
Risa Suryana
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Size ◽  
Anatase Phase ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Rutile Phase ◽  
Bandgap Energy ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Titanium Tetraisopropoxide ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

TiO2 nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized using the sol-gel method with main materials of titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP) and HClO4 solutions. Mass ratios (Rw) of aquadest and TTIP were 0.85, 2.00, and 3.50 which were going to be investigated in crystallization of TiO2 phases. Pre-heating was performed on TiO2 at 60°C for one day then it was annealed at 150°C for 3 hours. The DSSC structure was formed by using the synthesized-TiO2 as semiconductor material and beta-carotene as dye sensitizer. The x-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrum indicated that TiO2 peaks had anatase phases on crystal orientation of (101), (004), and (200) while TiO2 of rutile phase only appeared on orientation of (211). The highest intensity for all Rw was dominated by (101) anatase phase. From XRD spectrum data of (101) peak, the Scherrer’s method predicted that crystal size of TiO2 was 3.48 nm, 4.36 nm, and 4.47 nm for Rw of 0.85, 2.00, and 3.50, respectively. The Tauc’s method was applied on the UV-Vis data that predicted the bandgap energy (Eg) of TiO2 for Rw of 2.00 (Eg=3.14 eV) was higher than Rw of 0.85 (Eg=3.02 eV) and 3.50 (Eg=3.04 eV). The I-V characteristic calculation of DSSC structures were obtained that the efficiency optimum is 0.01% for Rw of 2.00. It is considered that bandgap energy value correlated to stability of Ti-OH bonds that caused the exited-electrons are easily injected to conduction band of TiO2. The performance of DSSC using the synthesized-TiO2 which consists of anatase and rutile can be improved about ten times compared to that using the pure-TiO2 rutile.

scholarly journals Photocatalytic Degradation of Remazol Brilliant Blue R and Remazol Yellow FG using TiO2 doped Cd, Co, Mn

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 804-815
Author(s):  
Candra Purnawan ◽  
Sayekti Wahyuningsih ◽  
Oktaviani Nur Aniza ◽  
Octaria Priwidya Sari
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Anatase Phase ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Rutile Phase ◽  
Brilliant Blue ◽  
Bandgap Energy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Remazol Brilliant Blue R ◽  
Metal Doped

TiO2 and TiO2 doped Cd, Co, Mn (TiO2-M) were synthesized with a sol-gel method, and the photocatalytic activity of Remazol Brilliant Blue R and Remazol Yellow FG has been conducted. TiO2-M (Cd, Co, Mn) was synthesized with the mol Ti:M ratio of 3:1, and the materials were calcined at 300, 400, and 500 °C. The materials were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), and UV-Vis Reflectance. The XRD result shows that at the temperature of 300 °C TiO2 and TiO2-M formed tend to be amorphous. At 400 °C the anatase phase is formed, while at 500 °C the rutile phase begins to form. And overall, the crystallinity of TiO2 is higher than metal-doped TiO2. The UV-Vis Reflectance result showed that the bandgap energy of all doping materials (TiO2-M) decreased. The larger the metal ion radius of dopant, the larger the crystal size obtained  and then the higher the bandgap obtained. The results of SEM-EDX showed that the morphology of TiO2 was spherical and regular, whereas the morphology of TiO2-M had a smoother surface due to the influence of metal doping. Photocatalytic activity of TiO2-M on Remazol Brilliant Blue R and Remazol Yellow FG was greater than TiO2. The optimum pH of the solution was obtained at pH 5 and the optimum catalyst phase was obtained at the anatase phase. The percentages degradation for 30 min of Remazol Brilliant Blue R were 67.34% (TiO2), 92.12% (TiO2-Co), 85.47% (TiO2-Mn), and 83.91% (TiO2-Cd), while for Remazol Yellow FG they were 58.84% (TiO2), 74.61% (TiO2-Co), 67.93% (TiO2-Mn) and 64.19% (TiO2-Cd), respectively. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0). 

Study on the Dispersion of Nanometer TiO2 Powder by Sol-Gel Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 599 ◽  
pp. 104-107
Author(s):  
Fang Zhao ◽  
Ya Qiong Zhao ◽  
Yuan Yuan Li ◽  
Gang Ni
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Nonionic Surfactants ◽  
Anatase Phase ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Tem Analysis ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sol Gel Method ◽  
Transmission Electron

This study investigated the effect of cationic, anionic, and nonionic surfactants on the formation, morphology, and surface properties of TiO2 nanoparticles synthesized by modified sol-gel method. The crystalline structures and morphologies of the powder have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The XRD results showed TiO2 nanoparticles synthesized with different surfactants only include anatase phase. The TEM analysis revealed the surfactants can enhance dispersion of TiO2 nanoparticles. In contrast, the anionic surfactants showed hightly effects. The photocatalytic activity of samples was tested for degradation of methyl orange (MO) solutions. The results showed photocatalytic activity of the catalyst with surfactants was higher than pure TiO2 under ultraviolet.

scholarly journals Tm-doped TiO2 and Tm2Ti2O7 pyrochlore nanoparticles: enhancing the photocatalytic activity of rutile with a pyrochlore phase

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 605-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desiré M De los Santos ◽  
Javier Navas ◽  
Teresa Aguilar ◽  
Antonio Sánchez-Coronilla ◽  
Concha Fernández-Lorenzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Anatase Phase ◽  
Pyrochlore Phase ◽  
Rutile Phase ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Controlled Hydrolysis

Tm-doped TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized using a water-controlled hydrolysis reaction. Analysis was performed in order to determine the influence of the dopant concentration and annealing temperature on the phase, crystallinity, and electronic and optical properties of the resulting material. Various characterization techniques were utilized such as X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and UV–vis spectroscopy. For the samples annealed at 773 and 973 K, anatase phase TiO2 was obtained, predominantly internally doped with Tm3+. ICP–AES showed that a doping concentration of up to 5.8 atom % was obtained without reducing the crystallinity of the samples. The presence of Tm3+ was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and UV–vis spectroscopy: the incorporation of Tm3+ was confirmed by the generation of new absorption bands that could be assigned to Tm3+ transitions. Furthermore, when the samples were annealed at 1173 K, a pyrochlore phase (Tm2Ti2O7) mixed with TiO2 was obtained with a predominant rutile phase. The photodegradation of methylene blue showed that this pyrochlore phase enhanced the photocatalytic activity of the rutile phase.

Photocatalytic Degradation of Methyl Orange by TiO2/Schorl Photocatalyst: Affecting Parameters

2015 ◽  
Vol 713-715 ◽  
pp. 2785-2788
Author(s):  
Huan Yan Xu ◽  
Xue Li ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Ping Li ◽  
Wei Chao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Methyl Orange ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Rutile Phase ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Preparation Conditions ◽  
Sintering Time ◽  
Composite Photocatalysts

In situ growth of TiO2 nanocrystals on the surface of schorl was realized via Sol-Gel method in this work. The obtained TiO2/schorl composite photocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). An active dye, Methyl Orange (MO), was used to evaluate the photocatalytic activity of TiO2/schorl composite photocatalyst. The effect of sintering temperature and time on the photocatalytic activity of TiO2/schorl was emphasized in this work. XRD results indicated that TiO2 existed in the form of anatase only when the temperature was less than 550°C, and the sintering time was less than 2.5h. Higher sintering temperature and longer sintering time could impel the appearance of rutile phase. SEM observations revealed that the nanosized particles of TiO2 were well dispersed and immobilized on the surface of schorl. The optimum preparation conditions of TiO2/schorl composite with best photocatalytic activity were that sintering temperature was 550°C and sintering time was 2.5h.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PELARUT TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK NANOPARTIKEL TITANIUM DIOKSIDA (TiO2)

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Atik Setyani ◽  
Emas Agus Prastyo Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Anatase Phase ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Rutile Phase ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Nano Tio2 ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Tio2 Anatase

PENGARUH PELARUT TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK NANOPARTIKEL TITANIUM DIOKSIDA (TiO2) ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan jenis pelarut dalam proses pembentukan nanopartikel titanium dioksida dengan metode sol gel. Hasil karakterisasi dengan X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan pelarut berpengaruh terhadap kristalinitas dan fasa material yang terbentuk. Berdasarkan Joint Committee on Powder Diffraction Standards (JCPDS) card nomor 84-1286 menunjukkan difraktogram nano TiO2 hasil sintesis sebagian besar merupakan fasa anatas. Hal ini terlihat dari nilai 2 teta yang diperoleh yaitu 24,45˚; 47,29˚; 53,18˚; 61,64˚ untuk fasa anatas dan 54,65˚; 74,16˚ untuk fasa rutil. Hanya saja persentase fasa anatas pada nano TiO2 menggunakan pelarut metanol lebih besar jika dibandingkan dengan hasil nano TiO2 dengan pelarut etanol. Berdasarkan perhitungan ukuran partikel nano TiO2 menggunakan persamaan Debye- Scherer didapatkan ukuran nano TiO2 menggunakan metanol sebesar 13.78 nm sedangkan  nano TiO2 menggunakan etanol sebesar 34.26 nm. Kata Kunci: Pelarut, sol-gel, titanium dioksida   EFFECT OF SOLVENTS ON THE CHARACTERITICS OF NANOPARTICLES TITANIUM DIOXIDE (TiO2) ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to compare the type of solvent in the process of formation of titanium dioxide nanoparticles with sol gel method. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) characterization results indicate that the use of solvent effect on crystallinity and phase material formed. Based Joint Committee on Powder Diffraction Standards (JCPDS) 84-1286 card numbers show diffractogram nano TiO2 synthesized largely a anatas phase. This can be seen from a value of 2 theta obtained by the 24,45˚; 47,29˚; 53,18˚; 61,64˚ to phase anatas and 54,65˚; 74,16˚ for rutile phase. Only a small percentage of the nano TiO2 anatase phase using methanol solvent is greater when compared with the results of nano TiO2 with ethanol. Based on the calculation of nano TiO2 particle size using equation Debye- Scherer obtained nanosized TiO2 using methanol amounted to 13.78 nm while the nano TiO2 using ethanol amounted to 34.26 nm. Keywords: Solvent, sol-gel, titanium dioxide

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