Estimate of Mercury Emissions from Coal-Fired Power Station in China during the "Twelfth Five-Year"

2013 ◽  
Vol 807-809 ◽  
pp. 77-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Zhao ◽  
Fang Ming Xue ◽  
Han Wang ◽  
Si Qi Hao ◽  
Yuan Shao
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Total Mercury ◽  
Power Station ◽  
Mercury Emissions ◽  
Power Stations ◽  
Input And Output

The input and output amount of the total mercury in coal-fired power stations was calculated in the year of 2010 and 2015. By 2015 the emissions of mercury discharged from coal-fired power plant to the atmosphere will reduce, the mercury contented in the solid waste will increase, and the amount of mercury in the waste water will be flat compared with the year of 2010.

scholarly journals Mercury emissions of a coal-fired power plant in Germany

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (21) ◽  
pp. 13653-13668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Weigelt ◽  
Franz Slemr ◽  
Ralf Ebinghaus ◽  
Nicola Pirrone ◽  
Johannes Bieser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Total Mercury ◽  
Emission Inventories ◽  
Mercury Emissions ◽  
Measurement Uncertainties ◽  
Current Emission ◽  
Emission Ratios ◽  
Gaseous Oxidized Mercury

Abstract. Hg ∕ SO2, Hg ∕ CO, NOx ∕ SO2 (NOx being the sum of NO and NO2) emission ratios (ERs) in the plume of the coal-fired power plant (CFPP), Lippendorf, near Leipzig, Germany, were determined within the European Tropospheric Mercury Experiment (ETMEP) aircraft campaign in August 2013. The gaseous oxidized mercury (GOM) fraction of mercury emissions was also assessed. Measured Hg ∕ SO2 and Hg ∕ CO ERs were within the measurement uncertainties consistent with the ratios calculated from annual emissions in 2013 reported by the CFPP operator, while the NOx ∕ SO2 ER was somewhat lower. The GOM fraction of total mercury emissions, estimated using three independent methods, was below ∼ 25 %. This result is consistent with other findings and suggests that GOM fractions of ∼ 40 % of CFPP mercury emissions in current emission inventories are overestimated.

scholarly journals Special Features of the Votkinsk Reservoir Contraflows Formation and Calculation (1d-definition)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Power Station ◽  
Hydro Power ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Venant Equation ◽  
Downstream Reach ◽  
Discharge Regime ◽  
Type Boundary

Issues of the contraflows formation in the Votkinsk Reservoir (the middle one in the sequence of the Kama reservoirs) have been studied. The water discharge regime through the Kama Hydro Power Plant determines the contraflow occurrence. The importance of the contraflow issues is caused by the risk of contaminated waters input to water intakes located upstream in respect of the waste water outlets. One of the major industrial agglomeration, namely the Perm-Krasnokamsk cluster with numerous water intakes and waste water discharge points, is located in the upstream part of the Votkinsk Reservoir with is the downstream reach of the Kama Reservoir. On the basis of assessment of the contraflows scale and the consequences for water users the water/economic and environmental limitations are set for the power plant operation regime including sanitary discharge volumes. The contraflows have been simulated as a result of digital solution of the Saint-Venant equation in 1D-definintion with input of the first type boundary conditions directly in the vicinity of the Votkinsk Power Station dam. We have assessed the reservoir morphometry role in the contraflows formation. Outputs of the comparative experiments performed at different schematic models of the Votkinsk Reservoir have shown that reflection of the level lowering straight wave from the Votkinsk Power Station dam is the determining factor of the contraflows formation rather than peculiarities of the morphometry. When decreasing the period of water discharge to the downstream reach the zone of contraflows formation is displacing towards the Votkins Power Plant dam.

scholarly journals Mercury emissions of a coal fired power plant in Germany

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Weigelt ◽  
Franz Slemr ◽  
Ralf Ebinghaus ◽  
Nicola Pirrone ◽  
Johannes Bieser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Total Mercury ◽  
Emission Inventories ◽  
So2 Emission ◽  
Mercury Emissions ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
Measurement Uncertainties ◽  
Current Emission ◽  
Emission Ratios

Abstract. Hg/SO2, Hg/CO, NOx/SO2 emission ratios (ERs) in the plume of coal fired power plant (CFPP) Lippendorf near Leipzig in Germany were determined within the European Tropospheric Mercury Experiment (ETMEP) aircraft campaign in August 2013. GOM fraction of mercury emissions was also assessed. Measured Hg/SO2 and Hg/CO ERs were within the measurement uncertainties consistent with the ratios calculated from annual emissions in 2013 reported by the CFPP operator, the NOx/SO2 ER was somewhat lower. GOM fraction of total mercury emissions, estimated by three independent methods, was ~10 % with an upper limit of ~25 %. This result is consistent with findings by others and suggests that GOM fractions of ~40 % of CFPP mercury emissions in current emission inventories are overestimated.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Work Efficiency of the Solar Power Plant Installed on the Roof of a House in Hanoi City

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. N. Nguyen ◽  
V. D. Sizov ◽  
M. P. Vu ◽  
T. T. H. Cu
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Solar Power Plant ◽  
Power Station ◽  
Power Stations ◽  
Solar Power Plants ◽  
Solar Power Station ◽  
Rooftop Solar

Vietnam is a country of a great solar potential; solar technology is growing rapidly in Vietnam and investors are very interested in building solar power plants. Construction of the rooftop solar power stations can help owners reduce monthly electricity costs and even get economic benefits by selling excess electricity coming from a solar power plant (PV) to the utility grid. In this study, the design results of a rooftop grid-tied solar power station with the capacity of 26 kWp for a commercial building were introduced to have a basis to assess the operation ability of solar power station under solar radiation conditions in Hanoi city, Vietnam. The simulation results using the PVsyst program have made it possible to calculate the solar energy potential in Hanoi city, the power generation and efficiency of the grid-tied solar power station. Solar power has been applied in Vietnam since the 1990s but is mainly used for areas that were far from national power grid such as mountainous areas, islands. Small scale grid-tied solar power has been developed since 2010 and mainly is used for residential applications or small and medium scale consumers. The total capacity of electricity produced by solar power plants in Vietnam by 2017 was only about 8 MW; this value is very low as compared to the potential of solar power in Vietnam. This is due to the absence of the government support for the policy of developing solar power. In accordance with the current roadmap of raising electricity prices in Vietnam, construction investment of rooftop solar power stations is economically feasible while contributing to environmental protection and counteracting climate change phenomenon by reducing the amount of CO2 emitted into the environment.

scholarly journals Development of Flue Gas Desulphurization Reactor for Reducing SOX Emission from Flue Gases Emitted in Thermal Power Plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2S4) ◽  
pp. 89-95
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Oxides Of Nitrogen ◽  
Power Station ◽  
Contamination Control ◽  
Power Stations ◽  
Oil Gas

Electrical energy produced in any country is one of the development measures takes place in that country. The energy produced is mainly based on the available resources such as flowing water, coal, oil, gas, nuclear fuels, wind, solar etc. The accessibility of bounty coal in India had provoked the power plant organizers to introduce coal based warm power stations. During the pre-autonomy and post-freedom period in mid fifties, the need was to create control and subsequently much consideration was not paid to the contamination angle and this proceeded up to late seventies. The awareness made by contamination impact on the general public and the colossal measure of disintegration exposed to the gear constrained the specialists to make contamination standards increasingly stringent. These convincing standards which appeared in eighties required the power plant faculty to change the contamination control gear in the current power plants introduced during early days. Most of intensity plants in India going from not many MW to 500 MW or more are of pounded fuel terminated boilers using low calorific, low coal sulfur, high debris content sub-bituminous coal. Due to burning of the coal, emissions such as Particulate Matter (PM), Oxides of Sulphur (SOx) and Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) apart from CO2, CO are carried away to the atmosphere through the flue gas. In this paper, the methodology to reduce SOx from flue gas in a coastal power station in is discussed and the optimum methodology adopted is Seawater Flue Gas Desulphurisation (SWFGD) using the alkalinity of the seawater to scrub SO2 from the flue gas. The seawater used in the FGD system is from the once through Condenser outlet of the Turbine system and since there is no by-product to be disposed, the seawater FGD is the optimum SOx reducing mechanism for a coastal thermal power station.

scholarly journals Mercury emissions from South Africa’s coal-fired power stations

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.L. Garnham ◽  
K.E. Langerman
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Emission Control ◽  
Mercury Content ◽  
Control Technology ◽  
Power Station ◽  
Mercury Emission ◽  
Mercury Emissions ◽  
Emission Abatement ◽  
Power Stations

Mercury is a persistent and toxic substance that can be bio-accumulated in the food chain. Natural and anthropogenic sources contribute to the mercury emitted in the atmosphere. Eskom’s coal-fired power stations in South Africa contributed just under 93% of the total electricity produced in 2015 (Eskom 2016). Trace amounts of mercury can be found in coal, mostly combined with sulphur, and can be released into the atmosphere upon combustion. Coal-fired electricity generation plants are the highest contributors to mercury emissions in South Africa. A major factor affecting the amount of mercury emitted into the atmosphere is the type and efficiency of emission abatement equipment at a power station. Eskom employs particulate emission control technology at all its coal-fired power stations, and new power stations will also have sulphur dioxide abatement technology. A co-beneficial reduction of mercury emissions exists as a result of emission control technology. The amount of mercury emitted from each of Eskom’s coal-fired power stations is calculated, based on the amount of coal burnt and the mercury content in the coal. Emission Reduction Factors (ERF’s) from two sources are taken into consideration to reflect the co-benefit received from the emission control technologies at the stations. Between 17 and 23 tons of mercury is calculated to have been emitted from Eskom’s coal-fired power stations in 2015. On completion of Eskom’s emission reduction plan, which includes fabric filter plant retrofits at two and a half stations and a flue gas desulphurisation retrofit at one power station, total mercury emissions from the fleet will potentially be reduced by 6-13% by 2026 relative to the baseline. Mercury emission reduction is perhaps currently not the most pressing air quality problem in South Africa. While the focus should then be on reducing emissions of other pollutants which have a greater impact on human health, mercury emission reduction can be achieved as a co-benefit of installing other emission abatement technologies. At the very least, more accurate calculations of mercury emissions per power station should be obtained by measuring the mercury content of more recent coal samples, and developing power station-specific ERF’s before mercury emission regulations are established or an investment into targeted mercury emission reduction technology is made.

STUDY OF WASTE WATER TREATMENT MEANS IN ASSIUT THERMAL POWER PLANT

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1025-1037
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Bady ◽  
Hassanien Manaa ◽  
Adel M. Kamal El- Dean ◽  
A. M Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Thermal Power Plant ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Waste Water Treatment

scholarly journals Perancangan Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Angin Dengan Turbin Ventilator Sebagai Penggerak Generator

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Made Padmika ◽  
I Made Satriya Wibawa ◽  
Ni Luh Putu Trisnawati
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Wind Power Plant ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Dc Voltage ◽  
Input And Output ◽  
Instrument Testing

A prototype of a wind power plant had been created using a ventilator  as a generator spiner. This power plant utilizes wind speed as its propulsion. Electricity generated in the DC voltage form between 0 volts up to 7.46 volts. The MT3608 module is used to stabilize and raise the voltage installed in the input and output of the charging circuit. For instrument testing, the wind speed on 0 m/s up to 6 m/s interval used. Maximum output of this tool with a wind speed of 6 m/s is 7.46 volts.

Determination of Residual Heavy Metals in an Incinerator Bottom Ash from Municipal Solid Waste Power Plant

2020 ◽  
Vol 901 ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
Woravith Chansuvarn
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Microwave Digestion ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Digestion Technique ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Copper Zinc

Bottom ash is a part of by-product from the municipal solid waste power plants which is always a wider problem for the urban and rural communities due to its disposal plants may cause serious environmental pollution. This work was focused on the residual heavy metal in an incinerator bottom ash from the municipal waste power plant placed in Nongkham district, Bangkok. Four bottom ash samples were obtained in 2017. After drying and grounding, the bottom ash samples were prepared to clear solution with the microwave digestion technique using nitric, hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acid under the heating program. The total residual heavy metals in the incinerator bottom ashes, such as lead, copper, zinc, and cadmium were determined by using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer (FAAS) with deuterium background correction. The total concentration of lead, copper, zinc and cadmium were found in the range of 280.40-354.22mg kg-1, 365.35-524.45 mg kg-1, 1,527.25-2,074.34 mg kg-1, and 0.48-1.02 mg kg-1, respectively. The recovery of all metals was found in the range of 89.4-101.2% and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was to be 2.15-3.55 % (n=7). The concentration of zinc, copper, and lead was found high levels, while cadmium was low concentration. Heavy metals in solid waste material occur in different chemical forms and phases. The sample preparation based on the microwave digestion was successfully developed for the waste samples with a good reliability.

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