The Temporal Dynamics of Cynodon Dactylon Soil - Root System in Soil Conservation and Slope Reinforcement

2013 ◽  
Vol 838-841 ◽  
pp. 675-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miao Zhang ◽  
Fang Qing Chen ◽  
Jin Xia Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Root System ◽  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Erosion Resistance ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Resistance Coefficient ◽  
Slope Reinforcement ◽  
Riparian Species

Cynodon dactylon has become a dominant riparian species in the reservoir region after the Three Gorges project was finished. In order to determine the effect of the species in soil conservation and slope reinforcement and the variation over time, the soil erosion resistance and shear strength of plants soil-root systems were tested during different seasons in a year through control experiment. Results showed that C. dactylon roots enhanced significantly soil conservation and slope reinforcement. The tensile strength of C. dactylon roots reached from 65.34 to 91.22Kpa/mm2 after three to twelve month growth, so did the soil erosion resistance coefficient from 0.34 to 0.86, shear strength from 20.82 to 25.98Kpa increasing by 39.62%, 154.90% and 24.74% respectively. We conclude that the temporal dynamics of C. dactylon roots influenced the performance of soil-root system in soil conservation and slope reinforcement.

The main influencing factors of soil mechanical characteristics of the gravity erosion environment in the dry-hot valley of Jinsha river

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 796-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yangyi Zhao ◽  
Xu Duan ◽  
Jiaojiao Han ◽  
Kun Yang ◽  
Yang Xue
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Root System ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Friction Angle ◽  
Plant Root System ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Erosion Environment ◽  
Mass Erosion

AbstractThe dry-hot valley region counts as one of the most eco-sensitive zones in China, the issue of soil erosion is critical in regional ecological environment, soil mechanical property is one of the primary factors confining the occurrence of erosion, and it is attached crucial significance to in ascertaining the characteristics and principal factors of soil mechanics, and how to prevent and control soil erosion in arid red soil area of dry-hot valley. Through monitoring field location and directly shearing, the soil mechanical characteristics and the primary influencing factors of the mass erosion environment in the basin were ascertained. As the result indicates: (1) The soil moisture content, cohesion and internal friction angle are evidently correlated with each other abiding by power function, the relationship among soil cohesion, internal friction angle and volume moisture content goes as:$$\begin{array}{} \displaystyle c=80.107e^{-5.451\frac{{\it\omega}}{1.64\,+\,{\it\omega}}},\phi=65.646{\rm e}^{-3.325\frac{\omega}{1.64\,+\,\omega}}; \end{array}$$(2) The soil being large in pore radius vary in number and distribution evidently with structure and destruction degree (P<0.05). Soil aggregation was also significantly different (P<0.05), with the increasing of structural failure rate, the shear strength of soil decreased, and the probability of damage was increased as the external load increaseing. (3) The disintegration of soil can be effectively decelerated, and anti-disintegration ability of soil can be enhanced by the root system. The impact exerted by plant root system on shear strength of soil decreased as soil got deeper, more than a certain depth can be ignored; the impact exerted by plant root system on small-scale gravitational erosion was particularly evident, whereas the impact exerted by large-scale mass erosion was comparatively small. The ability of plant roots to optimize soil resistance was primarily through the roots shorter than 2 mm, the effective fibrous roots in the soil of the Leucaena Benth and the Dodonaea angustifolia were comparatively small, and the root of the herbaceous plants was comparatively large.

OLIN ALLOY C72200

Alloy Digest ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 55 (7) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Nickel Alloy ◽  
Erosion Resistance ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Copper Nickel ◽  
Copper Nickel Alloy

Abstract Olin Alloy C72200 is a chromium-containing copper-nickel alloy used extensively in seawater. The alloy is used for its corrosion-erosion resistance and is often called Cupronickel with Cr. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, tensile properties, and shear strength. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: CU-745. Producer or source: Olin Brass.

Mechanical effects of vegetation in soil conservation and soil erosion reduction

2016 ◽  
pp. 110-110
Author(s):  
P.Q. Xiao ◽  
W.Y. Yao ◽  
Z.Z. Shen ◽  
C.X. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Mechanical Effects

scholarly journals Uso de Técnicas de Geoprocessamento para Estudo da Erosão Hídrica Laminar em Bacia Hidrográfica do Sudoeste do Paraná.

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1117
Author(s):  
Julio Caetano Tomazoni ◽  
Ana Paula Vansan
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Water Erosion ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Universal Equation ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
Loss Estimate

Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a erosão hídrica laminar do solo, por meio da Equação Universal de Perdas de Solos Revisada (RUSLE) na bacia hidrográfica do rio São José, localizada no município de Francisco Beltrão (PR).  A perda de solo média anual (A) foi determinada através da RUSLE para os anos 2000, 2005, 2009, 2015 e 2017 utilizando-se técnicas de geoprocessamento com o auxílio do software ArcGis 10.0. O fator erosividade da chuva (R) foi determinado utilizando-se dados pluviométricos correspondentes ao período de 1974 a 2016. O fator erodibilidade do solo (K) foi obtido através da análise de amostras de solo coletadas in loco. O fator topográfico (LS) foi estimado por meio dos dados altimétricos e hidrográficos da bacia. Os fatores de uso e manejo do solo (C) e de práticas conservacionistas do solo (P) foram determinados por meio da caracterização multitemporal do uso e ocupação do solo, através de imagens de satélite. O potencial natural de erosão (PNE) foi determinado pela multiplicação dos fatores R, K e LS.A estimativa de perda de solo (A) foi determinada pela multiplicação do PNE pelos fatores C e P.  Use of Geoprocessing Techniques to Study Laminar Water Erosion in Watershed of Southwest Paraná A B S T R A C TThe objective of this work is evaluate the soil erosion by the Universal Equation of Soil Losses Revised (RUSLE) in the São José river basin, located in the municipality of Francisco Beltrão (PR). The average annual soil loss (A) was determined through RUSLE for the years 2000, 2005, 2009, 2015 and 2017 using geoprocessing techniques with ArcGis 10.0 software. Rainfallerosivity (R) was determined using rainfall data from 1974 to 2016, being determined at 11521.26 11521,26 MJ.mm.ha-1.h-1.year-1. The soil erodibility factor (K) was obtained through the analysis of soil samples collected on the spot (0,03018 t.ha.h/ha.MJ.mm, 0,02771 t.ha.h/ha.MJ.mm e 0,02342 t.ha.h/ha.MJ.mm). The topographic factor (LS) was estimated by the altimetric and hydrographic data of the basin. Soil use and management (C) and soil conservation (P) were determined through multitemporal characterization of land use and occupation, using satellite images. The natural erosion potential (NEP) was determined by multiplying the R, K and LS factors, with more than half of the total area of the watershed with very strong PNE. The soil loss estimate (A) was determined by multiplying the NEP by factors C and P with predominance of the class called low (0 to 10 t/ha/year) denoting the reduction of erosion rates through factors C and P, helping to protect the soil from the erosion process.Key words: Soil Erosion; Watershed, Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation, Geoprocessing, Software.

scholarly journals Stability Analysis of Ecological Slopes Based on a 3D Finite Element Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
ZiFan Sui ◽  
Weijia Yuan ◽  
Wen Yi ◽  
Weihuan Yang
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Root System ◽  
Safety Factor ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Plant Distribution ◽  
Plant Roots ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Finite Element Software

To explore the effect of grass and shrub plant roots on the stability of soil slopes in rainy areas in the south, this article relies on the Longlang Expressway construction project. Cynodon dactylon and Magnolia multiflora were selected as research subjects. The plant distribution characteristics and mechanical properties are analyzed. This paper uses ABAQUS finite element software to construct a 3D model of the planted slope in the test section. The stress and strain on the root system and the soil were observed, and the variation law of slope stability before and after plant protection under different rainfall events was compared and analyzed. The test and simulation results show that the root content of Cynodon dactylon gradually decreases with increasing depth. Cynodon dactylon was mainly distributed in the 0–30 cm soil body, and its effect on improving the cohesion of the soil body reached 75%. Magnolia multiflora belongs to vertical roots and has a strong and longer main root with relatively developed lateral roots. Its root system passes through the sliding surface of the slope bottom, which reduces the maximum equivalent plastic stress generated inside the slope by 61%. When the total rainfall duration is unchanged, under the three rainfall intensities of small, medium, and large, herbaceous plants increase the safety factor of the soil by 1.33%, 2.08%, and 6.1%, respectively, and the roots of shrubs increase the safety factor of the soil by 3.29%, 4.08%, and 4.32%, respectively. When the rainfall intensity does not change, as the rainfall time increases, the effect of plants on the slope safety factor first gradually increases and eventually stabilizes. The research results provide a reliable theoretical basis for analyzing the effect of plant roots on soil consolidation and slope protection, and they also lay a technical foundation for the promotion and application of ecological slope protection technology.

scholarly journals A Soil Erosion Indicator for Supporting Agricultural, Environmental and Climate Policies in the European Union

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panos Panagos ◽  
Cristiano Ballabio ◽  
Jean Poesen ◽  
Emanuele Lugato ◽  
Simone Scarpa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
National Level ◽  
Water Erosion ◽  
Soil Protection ◽  
Conservation Practices ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Eu

Soil erosion is one of the eight threats in the Soil Thematic Strategy, the main policy instrument dedicated to soil protection in the European Union (EU). During the last decade, soil erosion indicators have been included in monitoring the performance of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) and the progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This study comes five years after the assessment of soil loss by water erosion in the EU [Environmental science & policy 54, 438–447 (2015)], where a soil erosion modelling baseline for 2010 was developed. Here, we present an update of the EU assessment of soil loss by water erosion for the year 2016. The estimated long-term average erosion rate decreased by 0.4% between 2010 and 2016. This small decrease of soil loss was due to a limited increase of applied soil conservation practices and land cover change observed at the EU level. The modelling results suggest that, currently, ca. 25% of the EU land has erosion rates higher than the recommended sustainable threshold (2 t ha−1 yr−1) and more than 6% of agricultural lands suffer from severe erosion (11 t ha−1 yr−1). The results suggest that a more incisive set of measures of soil conservation is needed to mitigate soil erosion across the EU. However, targeted measures are recommendable at regional and national level as soil erosion trends are diverse between countries which show heterogeneous application of conservation practices.

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