Study on Asynchronous Sampling in Digital Electrical Energy Metering Based on IEC61850

2013 ◽  
Vol 860-863 ◽  
pp. 2417-2422
Author(s):  
Yi Tang ◽  
Bo Jiang ◽  
Hong Bin Li ◽  
Xian Shun Chen
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Extreme Conditions ◽  
Power Network ◽  
Additional Error ◽  
Iec 61850 ◽  
Synchronous Sampling ◽  
Asynchronous Sampling ◽  
Energy Metering ◽  
Technical Issues ◽  
Error Simulation

Technical issues regarding asynchronous sampling for digital electrical energy metering based on IEC 61850 are studied. Asynchronous sampling is inevitable when the power network frequency fluctuates. The additional metering error caused by asynchronous sampling is simulated and discussed. The additional error can be as big as 2% under typical conditions, which is unacceptable. Quasi-synchronous sampling algorithm is employed to reduce the error. Simulation result shows that it can reduce the error to an ignorable level. The error under extreme conditions is also simulated and discussed.

An Improved Residual Network for Electricity Power Meter Error Estimation

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (08) ◽  
pp. 1959024
Author(s):  
Zichao Kou ◽  
Yanjun Fang
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Error Estimation ◽  
Back Propagation ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Residual Network ◽  
Propagation Process ◽  
Power Meter ◽  
Energy Metering ◽  
Electricity Power ◽  
Comparable Model

The lack of research on the metering characteristics of electricity power meters under complex conditions is a major obstacle to the on-site verification of electrical energy metering equipment. Establishing a predictive model for electricity power meter errors offers an effective way of dealing with this issue. Deep learning has been proven to have the capacity to reduce end-to-end dimensionality and improve recognition. Through the analysis of the back propagation process in residual networks, an improved residual network is set out in this paper. While preserving the advantages of residual network gradient propagation, it adds an adjustable shortcut and designs a convex [Formula: see text]-parameter strategy that can be improved according to different processing objects. Experimental results show that the predicted errors produced by the proposed technique are significantly lower than in a comparable model. At the same time, the improved residual network does not increase the network’s complexity.

Smart Metering for Applications

2014 ◽  
Vol 960-961 ◽  
pp. 823-827
Author(s):  
Ying Pan ◽  
Bo Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Smart Meter ◽  
Smart Metering ◽  
Power Network ◽  
Energy Usage ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Energy Efficiency Improvement ◽  
Energy Meter

As an important part of Smart Grid, smart metering attracts more and more attention all over the world. It is the way for energy consumer to sense the benefit of smart grid directly. Smart meter is an advanced energy meter that measures consumption of electrical energy providing additional information compared to a conventional energy meter. This paper discusses various applications and technologies that can be integrated with a smart meter. Smart meters can be used not only from the supply side monitoring but also for the demand side management as well. It plays an important role to monitor the performance and the energy usage of the grid loadings and power quality. In addition, This paper gives a comprehensive view on the benefit of smart metering in power network such as energy efficiency improvement.

Electrical energy metering: Some challenges of the European Directive on Measuring Instruments (MID)

Measurement ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 3347-3354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Bernieri ◽  
Giovanni Betta ◽  
Luigi Ferrigno ◽  
Marco Laracca ◽  
Rosario Schiano Lo Moriello
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
European Directive ◽  
Energy Metering

scholarly journals Near-Zero Phase-Lag Hyperscanning in a Novel Wireless EEG System

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Hsiang Chuang ◽  
Shao-Wei Lu ◽  
Yi-Ping Chao ◽  
Po-Hsun Peng ◽  
Hao-Che Hsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Video Gaming ◽  
Phase Lag ◽  
Analog To Digital ◽  
Synchronous Sampling ◽  
Asynchronous Sampling ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Natural Settings ◽  
Wireless Eeg ◽  
Zero Phase

Hyperscanning is an emerging technology that concurrently scans the neural dynamics of multiple individuals to study interpersonal interactions. In particular, hyperscanning with wireless electroencephalography (EEG) is increasingly popular owing to its mobility and ability to decipher social interactions in natural settings at the millisecond scale. To align multiple EEG time series with sophisticated event markers in a single time domain, a precise and unified timestamp is required for stream synchronization. This study proposed a clock-synchronized method using a custom-made RJ45 cable to coordinate the sampling between wireless EEG amplifiers to prevent incorrect estimation of interbrain connectivity due to asynchronous sampling. In this method, analog-to-digital converters are driven by the same sampling clock. Additionally, two clock-synchronized amplifiers leverage additional RF channels to keep the counter of their receiving dongles updated, guaranteeing that binding event markers received by the dongle with the EEG time series have the correct timestamp. The results of two simulation experiments and one video gaming experiment revealed that the proposed method ensures synchronous sampling in a system with multiple EEG devices, achieving near-zero phase-lag and negligible amplitude difference between signals. According to all of the signal-similarity metrics, the suggested method is a promising option for wireless EEG hyperscanning and can be utilized to precisely assess the interbrain couplings underlying social-interaction behaviors.

scholarly journals Implementation of a Dynamic Network Model of the Nigerian Transmission Grid for Investigations on Power System Stability

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kosisochukwu Pal Nnoli
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Dynamic Models ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Dynamic Network ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Load Flow ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Power Network ◽  
Transmission Grid

Electricity is the backbone of any modern society and economy. Therefore, economic growth and an increase in social wealth of a country usually lead to an increase in demand for electrical energy especially for a country as Nigeria. As the population of Nigeria is increasing exponentially, there exists a need to make basic needs constantly available, for the wellbeing of the increasing population. This is possible through mechanization. Reliable and stable electricity supply is the surest means to this end. As a result, there is a need to constantly review the dynamics of the power system while more energy sources and loads are being added to the existing power network grid. This creates a demand for precise models for the corresponding network. In this paper, the power network system of the Nigerian transmission grid was implemented at normal operations to include the dynamic models to the corresponding network elements (i.e. generation Units based on their installed capacities and controllers). With the help of this model, stationary load flow calculations, as well as the network’s model performance in steady state was conducted. The network’s model performance in the case of load changes and fault operations was also carried out. These allowed for investigations on the stability status of the Nigerian transmission grid.

scholarly journals Three Phase Enhanced Electrical Energy Metering System

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Power Factor ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Human Errors ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Control Units ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Energy Metering ◽  
Core Losses

This paper presents a practical solution for two existing problems in traditional electrical energy measurements. The first problem is the manual electrical billing system; so far, some countries are still adopting a manual technique with a high percentage of human errors and much complains from the consumers’ side and a lot of work from the authorities’ side. The second problem is having a low power factor at most of the domestic loads and some main commercial ones. Low power factor causes more current to flow in the network leading to an overheating of transformers and cables, and an increase of the core losses of transformers; in addition, less power factor means more burned fuel and more environment pollution. In This study, an automated solution for both problems is introduced, where two control units are added to the already existing three phase energy meters. The first unit solves the problem of manual billing by automatically calculating the monthly bill and sending monthly SMS messages to the consumers as well as authorities. The second unit solves the problem of low power factor by injecting reactive power using capacitor bank at the end load points to maintain a power factor of 0.95 at all load cases. A penalty will be added to the monthly calculated bill once the above value is violated. A prototype was implemented proving the capability of introducing both solutions using existing meters with a reasonable added cost

Analiza vremena ispitivanja i greške očitavanja pametnih brojila električne energije u zavisnosti od njihovog podešenja

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
Đorđe Dukanac
Keyword(s):  
Energy Loss ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Indirect Measurement ◽  
Phase Voltage ◽  
Additional Error ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
Accuracy Class ◽  
Periodic Control ◽  
Instrument Transformers ◽  
Secondary Side

The time of checking the registers of smart meters of accuracy class 0.2 S for indirect measurement of active electricity via instrument transformers, during the first, extraordinary or periodic control and verification has been significantly increased according to the latest Rules on meters of active electrical energy of accuracy class 0.2 S from December 23, 2016. This is especially pronounced when the meter is set to show the measured value of electrical energy in kWh on the secondary side of instrument transformers with the often used meter of active electrical energy of accuracy class 0.2 S, rated phase voltage 110 / √3 V and for the rated current 1 A. In that way, the total time as well as the costs of testing such meters has increased a lot. In addition, with electricity meters set in this way with a resolution of three decimal places and a unit in kWh, there is an additional error when reading the measured value of active electrical energy and especially when calculating the energy loss of active electrical energy. A more acceptable approach to setting such meters will be considered.

Interharmonic Analysis Algorithm Based on TLS-ESPRIT and Prony's Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 694-697 ◽  
pp. 1207-1210
Author(s):  
Rui Chen ◽  
Ying Yao
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Frequency Resolution ◽  
Power Network ◽  
Analysis Algorithm ◽  
Synchronous Sampling ◽  
Low Snr ◽  
Signal Parameters ◽  
Prony's Method ◽  
Prony’S Method ◽  
The Impact

In order to solve the traditional Prony's method faults that is vulnerable to the impact of the noise, a interharmonic analysis algorithm that is combined total least squares-estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance technique (TLS-ESPRIT) with Prony's method is used in this paper. The numbers and frequencies of harmonic and interharmonic in the power network signals are estimated by TLS-ESPRIT. Then their amplitudes and phases were analyzed by the Prony's method. After simulation, with this algorithm the parameters of harmonic and interharmonic can be accurately estimated in low SNR. It needn’t synchronous sampl data and has high frequency resolution. this algorithm overcomes the susceptible defect of the Prony's method by noise. The results of simulation prove that in the absence of synchronous sampling data, low SNR, the use of this algorithm, high frequency resolution, can accurately estimate the parameters of harmonic and interharmonic.

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