Soil Erosion Research Based on RS and USLE in Great Khinggan

2013 ◽  
Vol 864-867 ◽  
pp. 2799-2803
Author(s):  
Wei Li ◽  
Wen Yi Fan ◽  
Xue Gang Mao ◽  
Lin Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Grid Cell ◽  
Strength Distribution ◽  
Space Distribution ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Erosion Area ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
Volume Estimates ◽  
Cell Data

Uses 2011 years TM/ETM images classification were land uses/cover type figure, combination Great Khinggan area digital elevation model (DEM), and soil type distribution figure and research regional rainfall information, we got all factors values of space distribution in the USLE model, got soil erosion volume estimates data and soil erosion strength distribution figure based on grid cell data. Result indicate that the micro-absolute percentage of erosion throughout the study area, with increasing slope, area of erosion and erosion gradually reduce trend increases with the elevation increases, reduced erosion area after, generally good soil and water conservation in the region.

scholarly journals Assessment of Soil Erosion in Siruvani Watersheds Based on USLE and Hypsometric Curve Methods

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6S4) ◽  
pp. 1070-1073
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Erosion Risk ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Hypsometric Analysis ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Hypsometric Integral ◽  
Elevation Model

Soil erosion poses a serious threat over the maintenance activities of a reservoir and its watershed. This study has been taken us to assess the extent of soil erosion in the watersheds of the Siruvani Reservoir located in the district of Kerala. Two methods namely, Universal Soil Loss equation (USLE) and Hypsometric curve methods are adapted in this study. Hypsometry of watersheds (area-elevation analysis) has generally been used to reveal the stages of geomorphic development (stabilized, mature and young). The watersheds of Siruvani Reservoir were delineated from the generated Digital Elevation Model (DEM) using Geographic Information System (GIS). Various set of data like land use map, rainfall and soil map have been used for this analysis to generate five factors namely finally, the soil erosion risk map was created to identify the regions which are susceptible to erosion. Hypsometric analysis deals with measurement of the interrelationships between basin area and altitude of basin which has been used to understand the influence of various factors such as climate, geology and tectonic changes. GIS provides advanced tools to obtain hypsometric information and also helps to estimate the associated parameters of landforms. The entire study area has been sub-divided into 5 watersheds for hypsometric analysis and their area ranges from 1.77 to 6.94 km2. The hypsometric curve of the whole the watersheds reflects the mature geomorphic terrain whereas hypsometric integral indicates that the drainage basin has already eroded per cent of land masses. These findings would emphasize the importance of soil and water conservation measures to be taken up in the Siruvani watersheds for controlling further erosion, reducing the sediment outflows and conserve water.

scholarly journals Morphometric analysis and watershed prioritization in relation to soil erosion in Dudhnai Watershed

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
W. R. Singh ◽  
S. Barman ◽  
G. Tirkey
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Drainage Density ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Gis And Remote Sensing ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Elevation Model

AbstractMorphologic parameters of a watershed could help in segregating critical sub-watersheds for taking up conservation practices and mitigation interventions. Determination of critical watersheds or prioritization of sub-watersheds is inevitable for efficient and sustainable watershed management programs and allocation of its natural resources. The traditional methods of determination of morphologic parameters are time consuming, expensive and requires huge labor. However, the process becomes easier, cheaper and faster with the advent of Geographical Information System (GIS) and remote sensing technologies. In the present study, a combined approach of using toposheet, remotely sensed digital elevation model and morphometric ArcGIS toolbox has been adopted to determine morphometric parameters in Dudhnai river basin, a sub-basin of river Brahmaputra which is prone to both erosion and sedimentation. Seven sub-watersheds of Dudhnai have been prioritized by using the morphometric parameters and ranked them according to its vulnerability to soil erosion. The results of bifurcation ratio, drainage density, drainage intensity and constant of channel maintenance showed that Dudhnai watershed is a well-dissected watershed with less risk to flooding and soil erosion. However, significantly high values of infiltration number and ruggedness number obtained are indicative of very low infiltration which may result in high surface runoff and soil erosion. The study also revealed that channel erosion is stronger than sheet erosion in the basin. The prioritization of the sub-watersheds implied that Chil sub-watershed is the most susceptible sub-watershed that needs greater attention for soil and water conservation measures. The results of the present study could aid various stakeholders who are involved in the watershed development and management programs.

scholarly journals Assessment of Soil Erosion in Siruvani Watersheds based on USLE and Hypsometric Curve Methods

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6S4) ◽  
pp. 891-894
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Erosion Risk ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Hypsometric Analysis ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Hypsometric Integral ◽  
Elevation Model

Soil erosion poses a serious threat over the maintenance activities of a reservoir and its watershed. This study has been taken us to assess the extent of soil erosion in the watersheds of the Siruvani Reservoir located in the district of Kerala. Two methods namely, Universal Soil Loss equation (USLE) and Hypsometric curve methods are adapted in this study. Hypsometry of watersheds (area-elevation analysis) has generally been used to reveal the stages of geomorphic development (stabilized, mature and young). The watersheds of Siruvani Reservoir were delineated from the generated Digital Elevation Model (DEM) using Geographic Information System (GIS). Various set of data like land use map, rainfall and soil map have been used for this analysis to generate five factors namely finally, the soil erosion risk map was created to identify the regions which are susceptible to erosion. Hypsometric analysis deals with measurement of the interrelationships between basin area and altitude of basin which has been used to understand the influence of various factors such as climate, geology and tectonic changes. GIS provides advanced tools to obtain hypsometric information and also helps to estimate the associated parameters of landforms. The entire study area has been sub-divided into 5 watersheds for hypsometric analysis and their area ranges from 1.77 to 6.94 km2. The hypsometric curve of the whole the watersheds reflects the mature geomorphic terrain whereas hypsometric integral indicates that the drainage basin has already eroded per cent of land masses. These findings would emphasize the importance of soil and water conservation measures to be taken up in the Siruvani watersheds for controlling further erosion, reducing the sediment outflows and conserve water

scholarly journals Soil Loss Estimation for Conservation Planning in the Welmel Watershed of the Genale Dawa Basin, Ethiopia

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yared Mesfin Tessema ◽  
Justyna Jasińska ◽  
Lemma Tiki Yadeta ◽  
Marcin Świtoniak ◽  
Radosław Puchałka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Land Management ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Rainfall Erosivity ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
Agricultural Yields

As a form of environmental degradation, soil degradation directly or indirectly affects many lives through decreased agricultural yields, increased flooding and habitat loss. Soil loss has been increasing in most parts of the world and is most pronounced in tropical developing countries where there is poor or zero soil and water conservation (SWC) planning and management activities. Identifying areas prone to soil erosion has also been inadequate, having not been informed by dedicated scientific studies. This is true of the poorly understood watershed of Welmel in the Oromia region of Ethiopia, where most livelihoods heavily rely upon agriculture. To plan effective SWC management techniques, a solid knowledge of spatial variations across different climate, land use and soil erosion is essential. This study has aimed at identifying potential areas needing SWC practices through conducting a spatial modeling of soil erosion within the Welmel watershed’s Genale Dawa basin using a geographic information system (GIS), remote sensing (RS), multiple factors as land uses and climate. The Welmel catchment is located in southeastern Ethiopia and extends between 5°0′0″ N–7°45′00″ N and 39°0′0″ E–41°15′0″ E. The revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE), which was previously adapted to Ethiopian conditions, was used to estimate potential soil loss. It used information on interpolated rainfall erosivity (R), soil erodibility (K), vegetation cover (C) and topography (LS) from a digital elevation model (DEM) and that of conservation practices (P) from satellite images. The study demonstrates that the RUSLE using GIS and RS considering different climates and land management practices provides a great advantage in that it allows one to spatially analyze multilayer data in order to identify soil erosion-prone areas and thereby develop the most appropriate watershed management strategy. The mean soil loss was determined to be 31 tons ha−1 year−1 and it varied between 0 and 169 tons ha−1 year−1. About 79% of the watershed lies within the tolerable level of 11 tons ha−1 year−1. However, the remaining 21% has a high soil truncation trait, mainly due to its steeper slope and use as cultivated land. Our study identifies cultivated and deforested areas of the watershed as the potential SWC practice demanding areas. Thus, the application of RUSEL using GIS across different land management practices and climate zones is a potential tool for identifying SWC demanding sites. This remains helpful in efforts towards sustainable land management practices for the sustainable livelihood of the local human population.

scholarly journals A Probabilistic Assessment of Soil Erosion Susceptibility in a Head Catchment of the Jemma Basin, Ethiopian Highlands

Geosciences ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariaelena Cama ◽  
Calogero Schillaci ◽  
Jan Kropáček ◽  
Volker Hochschild ◽  
Alberto Bosino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Gully Erosion ◽  
Entropy Model ◽  
Global Issues ◽  
Susceptibility Maps ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
Color Composite

Soil erosion represents one of the most important global issues with serious effects on agriculture and water quality, especially in developing countries, such as Ethiopia, where rapid population growth and climatic changes affect widely mountainous areas. The Meskay catchment is a head catchment of the Jemma Basin draining into the Blue Nile (Central Ethiopia) and is characterized by high relief energy. Thus, it is exposed to high degradation dynamics, especially in the lower parts of the catchment. In this study, we aim at the geomorphological assessment of soil erosion susceptibilities. First, a geomorphological map was generated based on remote sensing observations. In particular, we mapped three categories of landforms related to (i) sheet erosion, (ii) gully erosion, and (iii) badlands using a high-resolution digital elevation model (DEM). The map was validated by a detailed field survey. Subsequently, we used the three categories as dependent variables in a probabilistic modelling approach to derive the spatial distribution of the specific process susceptibilities. In this study we applied the maximum entropy model (MaxEnt). The independent variables were derived from a set of spatial attributes describing the lithology, terrain, and land cover based on remote sensing data and DEMs. As a result, we produced three separate susceptibility maps for sheet and gully erosion as well as badlands. The resulting susceptibility maps showed good to excellent prediction performance. Moreover, to explore the mutual overlap of the three susceptibility maps, we generated a combined map as a color composite where each color represents one component of water erosion. The latter map yields useful information for land-use managers and planning purposes.

scholarly journals Scale-Optimized Surface Roughness for Topographic Analysis

Geosciences ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 322 ◽  
Author(s):  
John B. Lindsay ◽  
Daniel R. Newman ◽  
Anthony Francioni
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Grid Cell ◽  
Topographic Analysis ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Locally Adaptive ◽  
Elevation Model

Surface roughness is a terrain parameter that has been widely applied to the study of geomorphological processes. One of the main challenges in studying roughness is its highly scale-dependent nature. Determining appropriate mapping scales in topographically heterogenous landscapes can be difficult. A method is presented for estimating multiscale surface roughness based on the standard deviation of surface normals. This method utilizes scale partitioning and integral image processing to isolate scales of surface complexity. The computational efficiency of the method enables high scale sampling density and identification of maximum roughness for each grid cell in a digital elevation model (DEM). The approach was applied to a 0.5 m resolution LiDAR DEM of a 210 km2 area near Brantford, Canada. The case study demonstrated substantial heterogeneity in roughness properties. At shorter scales, tillage patterns and other micro-topography associated with ground beneath forest cover dominated roughness scale signatures. Extensive agricultural land-use resulted in 35.6% of the site exhibiting maximum roughness at micro-topographic scales. At larger spatial scales, rolling morainal topography and fluvial landforms, including incised channels and meander cut banks, were associated with maximum surface roughness. This method allowed for roughness mapping at spatial scales that are locally adapted to the topographic context of each individual grid cell within a DEM. Furthermore, the analysis revealed significant differences in roughness characteristics among soil texture categories, demonstrating the practical utility of locally adaptive, scale-optimized roughness.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Reliable Digital Elevation Model Resolution for TOPMODEL in Two Mountainous Watersheds, South Korea

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (18) ◽  
pp. 3690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daeryong Park ◽  
Huan-Jung Fan ◽  
Jun-Jie Zhu ◽  
Sang-Eun Oh ◽  
Myoung-Jin Um ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Cell Size ◽  
Digital Elevation Model ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Grid Cell ◽  
Dem Resolution ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Mountainous Watersheds ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
Digital Elevation Model Resolution

This study analyzed the result of parameter optimization using the digital elevation model (DEM) resolution in the TOPography-based hydrological MODEL (TOPMODEL). Also, this study investigated the sensitivity of the TOPMODEL efficiency by applying the varying resolution of the DEM grid cell size. This work applied TOPMODEL to two mountainous watersheds in South Korea: the Dongkok watershed in the Wicheon river basin and the Ieemokjung watershed in the Pyeongchang river basin. The DEM grid cell sizes were 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160, and 300 m. The effect of DEM grid cell size on the runoff was investigated by using the DEM grid cell size resolution to optimize the parameter sets. As the DEM grid cell size increased, the estimated peak discharge was found to increase based on different parameter sets. In addition, this study investigated the DEM grid cell size that was most reliable for use in runoff simulations with various parameter sets in the experimental watersheds. The results demonstrated that the TOPMODEL efficiencies in both the Dongkok and Ieemokjung watersheds rarely changed up to a DEM grid-size resolution of about 40 m, but the TOPMODEL efficiencies changed with the coarse resolution as the parameter sets were changed. This study is important for understanding and quantifying the modeling behaviors of TOPMODEL under the influence of DEM resolution based on different parameter sets.

scholarly journals Identification and mapping of soil erosion areas in the Blue Nile-Eastern Sudan using multispectral ASTER and MODIS satellite data and the SRTM elevation model

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-177
Author(s):  
M. El Haj Tahir ◽  
A. Kääb ◽  
C.-Y. Xu
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Thermal Emission ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Shuttle Radar Topography Mission ◽  
Arid Ecosystems ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Blue Nile ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer ◽  
Elevation Model

Abstract. This paper is part of a set of studies to evaluate the spatial and temporal variability of soil water in terms of natural as well as land-use changes as fundamental factors for vegetation regeneration in arid ecosystems in the Blue Nile-Sudan. The specific aim is to indicate the spatial distribution of soil erosion caused by the rains of 2006. The current study is conducted to determine whether automatic classification of multispectral Advanced Space borne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) imagery could accurately discriminate erosion gullies. Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) is used to orthoproject ASTER data. A maximum likelihood classifier is trained with four classes, Gullies, Flat_Land, Mountains and Water and applied to images from March and December 2006. Validation is done with field data from December and January 2006/2007, and using drainage network analysis of SRTM digital elevation model. The results allow the identification of erosion gullies and subsequent estimation of eroded area. Consequently the results were up-scaled using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) images of the same dates. Because the selected study site is representative of the wider Blue Nile province, it is expected that the approach presented could be applied to larger areas.

Using GIS and a digital elevation model to assess the effectiveness of variable grade flow diversion terraces in reducing soil erosion in northwestern New Brunswick, Canada

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (23) ◽  
pp. 3271-3280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Yang ◽  
Zhengyong Zhao ◽  
Thien Lien Chow ◽  
Herb W. Rees ◽  
Charles P.-A. Bourque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Digital Elevation Model ◽  
Flow Diversion ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Elevation Model
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