Morphometric analysis and watershed prioritization in relation to soil erosion in Dudhnai Watershed

AbstractMorphologic parameters of a watershed could help in segregating critical sub-watersheds for taking up conservation practices and mitigation interventions. Determination of critical watersheds or prioritization of sub-watersheds is inevitable for efficient and sustainable watershed management programs and allocation of its natural resources. The traditional methods of determination of morphologic parameters are time consuming, expensive and requires huge labor. However, the process becomes easier, cheaper and faster with the advent of Geographical Information System (GIS) and remote sensing technologies. In the present study, a combined approach of using toposheet, remotely sensed digital elevation model and morphometric ArcGIS toolbox has been adopted to determine morphometric parameters in Dudhnai river basin, a sub-basin of river Brahmaputra which is prone to both erosion and sedimentation. Seven sub-watersheds of Dudhnai have been prioritized by using the morphometric parameters and ranked them according to its vulnerability to soil erosion. The results of bifurcation ratio, drainage density, drainage intensity and constant of channel maintenance showed that Dudhnai watershed is a well-dissected watershed with less risk to flooding and soil erosion. However, significantly high values of infiltration number and ruggedness number obtained are indicative of very low infiltration which may result in high surface runoff and soil erosion. The study also revealed that channel erosion is stronger than sheet erosion in the basin. The prioritization of the sub-watersheds implied that Chil sub-watershed is the most susceptible sub-watershed that needs greater attention for soil and water conservation measures. The results of the present study could aid various stakeholders who are involved in the watershed development and management programs.

Download Full-text

Análise de Risco de Degradação na Bacia Hidrográfica do Riacho do Pontal - PE (Risk Analysis of Degradation in Basin River Pontal – PE)

Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física ◽

10.26848/rbgf.v5i3.232859 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 646

Author(s):

Madson Tavares Silva ◽

Vicente De P. R. da Silva ◽

Edicarlos P. de Sousa ◽

Sonaly D. de Oliveira

Keyword(s):

Risk Analysis ◽

Drainage Density ◽

Morphometric Parameters ◽

Automatic Process ◽

Drainage Network ◽

Low Density ◽

Gis And Remote Sensing ◽

Digital Elevation ◽

Elevation Model ◽

Low Density Area

Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar o risco de degradação presente na bacia hidrográfica do Riacho do Pontal-PE, a partir de técnicas de geoprocessamento e sensoriamento remoto da superfície. Parâmetros morfométricos da bacia de drenagem foram obtidos pelo MDE (Modelo Digital de Elevação) utilizando um processo automático através de técnicas de geoprocessamento utilizando o software ARCGIS 9.3. Os resultados demonstraram que a bacia do Riacho do Pontal possui uma área total de 6057,0 km² e perímetro de 464,0 km, a rede de drenagem é de 5ª ordem sendo moderadamente ramificada apresentando um comprimento total de 2060,0 km com um curso principal de 147,6 km, a bacia apresentou uma forma mais alongada, com densidade de drenagem inferior a 0,4 km/km2 assim como baixa densidade hidrográfica, a classe de declividade predominante é do tipo várzea e plano a suave ondulado representado cerca de 90% da área total da bacia. As classes de cobertura de solos predominantes (caatinga densa, caatinga densa degradada e cultivos diversificados) ocupam 5480 km2, área correspondente a 90,4%. As maiores áreas produtoras de sedimento encontram-se próximas a rede de drenagem.Palavras - chave: Rede de Drenagem, Modelo digital de elevação, geoprocessamento. Risk Analysis of Degradation in Basin River Pontal – PE ABSTRACTThis study aimed to analyze the risk of degradation in the watershed of this Pontal-PE stream, from techniques of GIS and remote sensing surface. Morphometric parameters of the watershed were obtained by DEM (Digital Elevation Model) using an automatic process through geoprocessing techniques using software ARCGIS 9.3. The results showed that the Pontal stream basin has a total area of 6057,0 km2 and a perimeter of 464,0 km, the drainage network is 5th order being moderately branched having a total length of 2060,0 km with a course main 147,6 km, the basin had a more elongated form, with drainage density less than 0.4 km/km2 well as low-density area, the class of slope is predominantly lowland type and plan the gentle undulating represented about 90% of the total area of the basin. The classes of predominant land cover (caatinga densa, caatinga densa degradada e cultivos diversificados) occupy 5,480 km2, the area corresponding to 90,4%. The major sediment-producing areas are near the drainage network.Keywords: Drainage network, elevation digital model, geoprocessing.

Download Full-text

Soil Erosion Research Based on RS and USLE in Great Khinggan

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.864-867.2799 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 864-867 ◽

pp. 2799-2803

Author(s):

Wei Li ◽

Wen Yi Fan ◽

Xue Gang Mao ◽

Lin Zhao

Keyword(s):

Soil Erosion ◽

Water Conservation ◽

Grid Cell ◽

Strength Distribution ◽

Space Distribution ◽

Digital Elevation ◽

Erosion Area ◽

Elevation Model ◽

Volume Estimates ◽

Cell Data

Uses 2011 years TM/ETM images classification were land uses/cover type figure, combination Great Khinggan area digital elevation model (DEM), and soil type distribution figure and research regional rainfall information, we got all factors values of space distribution in the USLE model, got soil erosion volume estimates data and soil erosion strength distribution figure based on grid cell data. Result indicate that the micro-absolute percentage of erosion throughout the study area, with increasing slope, area of erosion and erosion gradually reduce trend increases with the elevation increases, reduced erosion area after, generally good soil and water conservation in the region.

Download Full-text

Catchment delineation and morphometric analysis using geographical information system

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2015.303 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 72 (7) ◽

pp. 1168-1175 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Manoj Kumar ◽

Rohitashw Kumar ◽

P. K. Singh ◽

Manjeet Singh ◽

K. K. Yadav ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Information System ◽

Geographical Information System ◽

Morphometric Analysis ◽

Water Conservation ◽

Drainage Density ◽

Morphometric Parameters ◽

Geographical Information ◽

Vegetative Cover ◽

Elongation Ratio ◽

Drainage Pattern

The geographical information system (GIS) has emerged as an efficient tool in delineation of drainage patterns of watershed planning and management. The morphometric parameters of basins can address linear, areal and relief aspects. The study deals with the integrated watershed management of Baliya micro-watersheds, located in the Udaipur district of Rajasthan, India. Morphometric analysis in hydrological investigation is an important aspect and it is inevitable in the development and management of drainage basins. The determination of linear, areal and relief parameters indicate fairly good significance. The low value of the bifurcation ratio of 4.19 revealed that the drainage pattern has not been distorted by structural disturbance. The high value of the elongation ratio (0.68) compared to the circulatory ratio (0.27) indicates an elongated shape of the watershed. The high value of drainage density (5.39 km/km2) and stream frequency (12.32) shows that the region has impermeable subsoil material under poor vegetative cover with a low relief factor. The morphometric parameters of relief ratio (0.041) and relative relief (0.99%) show that the watershed can be treated using GIS techniques to determine the morphometric presence of dendritic drainage pattern, with a view to selecting the soil and water conservation measures and water harvesting.

Download Full-text

Assessment of Soil Erosion in Siruvani Watersheds Based on USLE and Hypsometric Curve Methods

International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering - Special Issue ◽

10.35940/ijitee.f1221.0486s419 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (6S4) ◽

pp. 1070-1073

Keyword(s):

Soil Erosion ◽

Water Conservation ◽

Drainage Basin ◽

Entire Study ◽

Erosion Risk ◽

Five Factors ◽

Hypsometric Analysis ◽

Digital Elevation ◽

Hypsometric Integral ◽

Elevation Model

Soil erosion poses a serious threat over the maintenance activities of a reservoir and its watershed. This study has been taken us to assess the extent of soil erosion in the watersheds of the Siruvani Reservoir located in the district of Kerala. Two methods namely, Universal Soil Loss equation (USLE) and Hypsometric curve methods are adapted in this study. Hypsometry of watersheds (area-elevation analysis) has generally been used to reveal the stages of geomorphic development (stabilized, mature and young). The watersheds of Siruvani Reservoir were delineated from the generated Digital Elevation Model (DEM) using Geographic Information System (GIS). Various set of data like land use map, rainfall and soil map have been used for this analysis to generate five factors namely finally, the soil erosion risk map was created to identify the regions which are susceptible to erosion. Hypsometric analysis deals with measurement of the interrelationships between basin area and altitude of basin which has been used to understand the influence of various factors such as climate, geology and tectonic changes. GIS provides advanced tools to obtain hypsometric information and also helps to estimate the associated parameters of landforms. The entire study area has been sub-divided into 5 watersheds for hypsometric analysis and their area ranges from 1.77 to 6.94 km2. The hypsometric curve of the whole the watersheds reflects the mature geomorphic terrain whereas hypsometric integral indicates that the drainage basin has already eroded per cent of land masses. These findings would emphasize the importance of soil and water conservation measures to be taken up in the Siruvani watersheds for controlling further erosion, reducing the sediment outflows and conserve water.

Download Full-text

HYDROGEOMORPHOLOGICAL MODELING OF KHOR OMAR OMDURMAN - SUDAN BY USING GIS

RIMAK International Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences ◽

10.47832/2717-8293.5-2.2 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 20-36

Author(s):

Omar Abd Almajd Sayd AHMMAD ◽

Alimam omar ALİMAM AİL ◽

Hussein Salem Hussein SALEM ◽

Muzamil Elrais Ahmed ALI

Keyword(s):

Meteorological Data ◽

Satellite Image ◽

Curve Number ◽

Digital Data ◽

Geographical Information ◽

Hydrologic Modelling ◽

Model Soil ◽

Digital Elevation ◽

Elevation Model

e study addressed the hydro geomorphological modeling of koher Omar Oum Dorman Area by analyzing many digital data, including satellite Image, and Digital Elevation Model, soil and meteorological data, by using ARC.GIS -WMS - Hydrologic Engineering Center – Hydrologic Modelling System, (HEC-HMS). in order to analyzing geomorphological characteristics and hydro geomorphological, estimation of the amount of runoff and determination of affected areas through Hydro morphometric measurements, determination of soil varieties and land cover to extract Curve number (CN) the study found that the annual surface runoff volume is 21830.5M3 – 33938.1M3 areas affected by runoff are located to the east and south-east of the basin of koher Omar, and the study Reflced Meany recommendetoin, the most important of which is the utilization of water in development processes and the application of Geographical information system in hydro geomorphological studies. Key words: : GIS – RS - Rain off - WMS.

Download Full-text

PROCEDURE OF TENDENCY MAP ON THE BASIS OF GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM OF JALILABAD CADASTRY DISTRICT

SCIENTIFIC WORK ◽

10.36719/2663-4619/66/77-80 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 66 (05) ◽

pp. 77-80

Author(s):

Narmin Zakir Najafova ◽

Keyword(s):

Information System ◽

Geographic Information System ◽

Soil Erosion ◽

Moisture Content ◽

Point Of View ◽

Geographical Information ◽

Agricultural Crops ◽

Digital Elevation ◽

Elevation Model ◽

High Yields

As the inclination increases, soil erosion and, in general, the process of erosion on the slopes intensifies, the moisture content of the soil and soil-forming rocks decreases, the growth of agricultural crops and pastures weakens, and productivity decreases. Taking all this into account, we have developed a slope map with degrees based on the digital elevation model of the Jalilabad cadastral region (DEM file). Slope study and mapping is one of the key measures to protect soils from erosion as well as to combat erosion. When the slope reaches 3-4°, the washing of the soil is even faster. It is not recommended to plow the fields when the slope is 8-10° and more. From this point of view, as a result of our research, the inclination of the Jalilabad cadastral region has been studied. The lowest inclination range in the study area is 0-20. Low inclination is observed mainly in the plains of Jalilabad cadastral region. As you ascend to the heights, there is an increase in inclination. Taking into account the propensity in agriculture can lead to high yields. Key words: Inclination, Slope, Erosion, Geographic Information System (GIS), ESRI, ArcGis

Download Full-text

Assessment of Soil Erosion in Siruvani Watersheds based on USLE and Hypsometric Curve Methods

International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering - Special Issue ◽

10.35940/ijitee.f1181.0486s419 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (6S4) ◽

pp. 891-894

Keyword(s):

Soil Erosion ◽

Water Conservation ◽

Drainage Basin ◽

Entire Study ◽

Erosion Risk ◽

Five Factors ◽

Hypsometric Analysis ◽

Digital Elevation ◽

Hypsometric Integral ◽

Elevation Model

Download Full-text

Morphometric analysis of the drainage network in the Vitosha Mountain (preliminary results)

Review of the Bulgarian Geological Society ◽

10.52215/rev.bgs.2021.82.3.210 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 82 (3) ◽

pp. 210-212

Author(s):

Petko Bozhkov

Keyword(s):

Morphometric Analysis ◽

Drainage Density ◽

Morphometric Parameters ◽

Topographic Maps ◽

Drainage Network ◽

Stream Length ◽

Digital Elevation ◽

Elevation Model ◽

Channel Segment

The aim of the following case study is to analyze quantitatively the drainage network in the Vitosha Mountain, SW Bulgaria. Drainage network is outlined from topographic maps and extracted from digital elevation model (DEM). Several morphometric parameters are calculated – drainage density, channel-segment frequency, total stream length, etc. Hierarchy of tributaries and main rivers is also discussed.

Download Full-text

A study using multitemporal Sentinel-2 data and Digital Elevation Model for calculating morphometric parameters over the Euphrates River Basin in Syria

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-19902 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Nour Naaouf ◽

Balázs Székely

Keyword(s):

Digital Elevation Model ◽

River Basin ◽

Water Conservation ◽

Remote Sensing Data ◽

Morphometric Parameters ◽

Euphrates River ◽

Digital Elevation ◽

Western Asia ◽

Elevation Model ◽

Sentinel 2

The Euphrates River is the main river running in Syria and the longest river in Western Asia and has three riparian countries, Iraq, Syria and Turkey. This research focuses on the Syrian part of the basin which makes 22% of total area of the basin.Analyzing and evaluating the morphometric parameters is very important for understanding the nature of the surface and also for the sustainable territorial planning and management.The goal of this study is to evaluate morphometric parameters and understand and analyze the nature of the terrain and determine the usability of the satellite images from Sentinel-2 for calculating the morphometric parameters and to compare their usability in the morphometric analysis with Digital Elevation Model.Different morphometric characteristics have been generated in GIS environment and also remote sensing data (Sentinel-2 and Digital Elevation Model) have been applied used in this research and will be processed and analyzed using geospatial techniques.The results allow the automated segmentation of the terrain based on derivatives of the input data. This division is compared to the typical land cover/land use of the various governorates in Syria.As our study area is a long-lasting military conflict zone, this study will also help to better evaluate the river basin in Syria and to understand some practical problems related to the environment, including soil conservation and water conservation in term of irrigation land and drinking water supply which would also be affected by the armed conflict there.

Download Full-text

Soil Loss Estimation for Conservation Planning in the Welmel Watershed of the Genale Dawa Basin, Ethiopia

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10060777 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 777 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yared Mesfin Tessema ◽

Justyna Jasińska ◽

Lemma Tiki Yadeta ◽

Marcin Świtoniak ◽

Radosław Puchałka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Erosion ◽

Land Management ◽

Water Conservation ◽

Soil Loss ◽

Management Practices ◽

Rainfall Erosivity ◽

Sustainable Livelihood ◽

Digital Elevation ◽

Elevation Model ◽

Agricultural Yields

As a form of environmental degradation, soil degradation directly or indirectly affects many lives through decreased agricultural yields, increased flooding and habitat loss. Soil loss has been increasing in most parts of the world and is most pronounced in tropical developing countries where there is poor or zero soil and water conservation (SWC) planning and management activities. Identifying areas prone to soil erosion has also been inadequate, having not been informed by dedicated scientific studies. This is true of the poorly understood watershed of Welmel in the Oromia region of Ethiopia, where most livelihoods heavily rely upon agriculture. To plan effective SWC management techniques, a solid knowledge of spatial variations across different climate, land use and soil erosion is essential. This study has aimed at identifying potential areas needing SWC practices through conducting a spatial modeling of soil erosion within the Welmel watershed’s Genale Dawa basin using a geographic information system (GIS), remote sensing (RS), multiple factors as land uses and climate. The Welmel catchment is located in southeastern Ethiopia and extends between 5°0′0″ N–7°45′00″ N and 39°0′0″ E–41°15′0″ E. The revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE), which was previously adapted to Ethiopian conditions, was used to estimate potential soil loss. It used information on interpolated rainfall erosivity (R), soil erodibility (K), vegetation cover (C) and topography (LS) from a digital elevation model (DEM) and that of conservation practices (P) from satellite images. The study demonstrates that the RUSLE using GIS and RS considering different climates and land management practices provides a great advantage in that it allows one to spatially analyze multilayer data in order to identify soil erosion-prone areas and thereby develop the most appropriate watershed management strategy. The mean soil loss was determined to be 31 tons ha−1 year−1 and it varied between 0 and 169 tons ha−1 year−1. About 79% of the watershed lies within the tolerable level of 11 tons ha−1 year−1. However, the remaining 21% has a high soil truncation trait, mainly due to its steeper slope and use as cultivated land. Our study identifies cultivated and deforested areas of the watershed as the potential SWC practice demanding areas. Thus, the application of RUSEL using GIS across different land management practices and climate zones is a potential tool for identifying SWC demanding sites. This remains helpful in efforts towards sustainable land management practices for the sustainable livelihood of the local human population.

Download Full-text