Visual Study on the Effect of Osmotic Pressure on the Morphology of Emulsion Liquid Membrane

2014 ◽  
Vol 881-883 ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
Sun Jun Li ◽  
Hong Jing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Pressure ◽  
Water Transport ◽  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Water Diffusion ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽  
Internal Phase ◽  
External Phase ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Stability Of Emulsion

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of osmotic pressure on the morphology of emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) by the visual way. The experimental results show that osmotic pressure has great effect on the globules of emulsion liquid membrane through water diffusion between two water phases. When under isotonic pressure, the water transport trend cannot be observed. When osmotic pressure is less than zero, water transfers from the internal phase to the external phase. But when osmotic pressure is larger than zero, water transports from the external phase to the internal phase first by diffusion, then water transports from the internal phase to the external phase by the coalescence. Therefore, it is possible to tailor osmotic pressure between two water phases to keep the stability of emulsion liquid membrane when ELM is used to separate some component.

CADMIUM REMOVAL USING VEGETABLE OIL BASED EMULSION LIQUID MEMBRANE (ELM): MEMBRANE BREAKAGE INVESTIGATION

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Ahmad ◽  
M. M. H. Shah Buddin ◽  
B. S. Ooi ◽  
Adhi Kusumastuti
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Aliquat 336 ◽  
Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽  
Cadmium Removal ◽  
Internal Phase ◽  
External Phase ◽  
Span 80

The aim of this research is to quantify the occurrence of membrane breakage in vegetable oil based Emulsion Liquid Membrane (ELM). Basically, ELM consists of three main phases; internal, external and membrane. In this work, the membrane phase was prepared by dissolving Span 80 as surfactant and Aliquat 336 as carrier in commercial grade corn oil. As a way to promote sustainable development, vegetable oil which is environmentally benign diluent was incorporated in the formulation of ELM. The influence of several important parameters towards membrane breakage were studied. They are carrier and surfactant concentration, W/O volume ratio, emulsification time, internal phase concentration as well as stirring speed. Based on the data obtained, emulsion prepared using 4 wt% Aliquat 336 and 3 wt% Span 80 resulted in the most stable emulsion with only 0.05% membrane breakage. The emulsion was produced using W/O volume ratio of 1/3 and it was homogenized with the assistance of ultrasound for 15 min. Moreover, emulsion produced able to provide a fair balance between emulsion stability and Cd(II) permeability as it able to remove 98.20% Cd(II) ions from the external phase. 

scholarly journals Formation and Stability Study of Nano-Emulsions: BTX- Separation

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaydeep M. Barad ◽  
Mousumi Chakraborty ◽  
Hans-Jörg Bart
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Stability Study ◽  
Liquid Membranes ◽  
Feed Mixture ◽  
Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽  
Benzene Toluene ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Separation Performances ◽  
Membrane Mechanism ◽  
Stability Of Emulsion

The selective separation of aromatics (benzene, toluene and p-xylene, BTX) from aliphatic (n-heptane) is investigated using simple permeation and facilitated transport emulsion liquid membrane mechanism. The separation performances, represented by the permeation rate and separation factor, are analyzed systematically by varying the operating parameters. One of the major obstacles to the application of emulsion liquid membranes to industrial separations is the stability of emulsion globules. In the present study, stability of emulsion liquid membrane is studied by varying different parameters e.g. surfactant and feed phase concentration, stirrer speed for emulsification. Dispersion destabilisation of emulsion is detected by Turbiscan. Effects of interfacial tension on internal droplets size and size distribution are also systematically investigated. Stable emulsions under optimal conditions are used for the separation of aromatics (BTX) from aliphatic (n-heptane) in a synthetic feed mixture.

scholarly journals Emulsion Liquid Membrane Design in Vitro for Removal of Lead from Aqueous Solution

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 2747-2754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Nasiri Zarandi ◽  
Amirhossein Soltani
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Lead Extraction ◽  
Membrane Phase ◽  
Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽  
Phase Contact Time ◽  
Internal Phase ◽  
External Phase

The purpose of this study was to investigate the extraction of lead by emulsion liquid membrane as an effective alternative to conventional lead extraction methods. The emulsion included D-2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) as a carrier, paraffin and kerosene composition as an organic solvent, Span 80 as an emulsifier and sulfuric acid as an internal stripping phase. In this project, 7 effective factors in extraction of lead were chosen by emulsion liquid membrane, which included concentration of sulfuric acid in the internal phase, volume ratio of the emulsion to external phase (Rew), the ratio of organic phase to internal phase (Roi), initial pH of external phase, contact time of the emulsion and external phase, carrier concentration and concentration of surfactant in the membrane phase. After the initial experiments to make a stable emulsion, membrane phase mix (70% paraffin and 30% kerosene), homogenizer speed (12000 rpm) and mixer speed (309 rpm) were selected. The final experiments were designed by Taguchi statistical method. Optimization was done according to higher extraction rate and the effect of each of these factors and their optimal values as well as optimal conditions were determined. By verification test, it was shown that more than 92% of lead can be extracted from a solution with a concentration of 2000 ppm.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF MATRICES ON PERCENT EXTRACTION OF SILVER (II) FROM BLACK/WHITE PRINTING PHOTOGRAPHIC WASTE USING EMULSION LIQUID MEMBRANE TECHNIQUE

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-156
Author(s):  
Imam Santoso ◽  
Buchari Buchari
Keyword(s):  
Optimum Condition ◽  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Ammonium Bromide ◽  
Phase Volume ◽  
Membrane Phase ◽  
Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽  
Internal Phase ◽  
Membrane Technique ◽  
External Phase ◽  
Percent Extraction

Extraction of silver (I) has been studied from black/white printing photographic waste by emulsion liquid membrane technique. Composition emulsion at the membrane phase was cerosene as solvent, sorbitan monooleat (span 80) as surfactant, dimethyldioctadesyl-ammonium bromide as carrier and as internal phase was HNO3. Optimum condition was obtained: ratio of internal phase volume and membrane phase volume was 1:1 : concentration of surfactant was 2% (v/v) : time of making emulsion was 20 second : rate of stiring emulsion was 1100 rpm : rest time emulsion was 3 second : rate of emulsion volume and external phase volume was 1:5 : emulsion contact rate 500 rpm : emulsion contact time was 40 second : concentration of silver thiosulfate as external phase was 100 ppm : pH of external phase was 3 and pH of internal phase was 1. Optimum condition was applied in silver(I) extraction from black/white printing photographic waste. It was obtained 77.33% average which 56.06% silver (I) average of internal phase and 22.66% in the external phase. Effect of matrices ion decreased silver(I) percent extraction from 96,37% average to 77.33% average. Keyword: photographics waste, silver extraction

scholarly journals SEPARATION OF PENICILLIN G FROM FERMENTATION BROTH BY EMULSION LIQUID MEMBRANE TECHNIQUE

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-50
Author(s):  
Imam Santoso ◽  
Bachri Amran ◽  
Apriliana Laily Fitri
Keyword(s):  
Phenylacetic Acid ◽  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Fermentation Broth ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Phase Volume ◽  
Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽  
Internal Phase ◽  
Membrane Technique ◽  
External Phase

The separation of penicillin G from fermentation broth can be done by emulsion liquid membrane technique. The aim of this research is to establish the optimal conditions for the extraction and separation of penicillin G using emulsion liquid membrane technique. The optimal conditions were found to be at ratio of internal phase volume to membrane phase volume of 1:1 ; time of making emulsion, 1 min ; emulsion contact rate, 300 rpm; rate of stirring of emulsion, 2000 rpm ; rest time of emulsion, 13 min; concentration of  penicillin G as external phase, 375 ppm; and concentration of surfactant, 5% (v/v). pH of internal phase is 8; pH of external phase 5; ratio of emulsion phase volume to external phase volume, 1:2 and concentration of carrier 2 mM. The concentration of penicillin G and phenylacetic acid from fermentation results were 24771 mg/L and 32675 mg/L. Extraction by emulsion liquid membrane technique gave the percentage of penicillin G 53.38% and phenylacetic acid 60.41%. The percentage phenylacetic acid which is still higher (60.41%) indicated that the penicillin G could not completely be separated from phenylacetic acid by emulsion liquid membrane technique.   Keywords: penicillin G, fermentation, emulsion liquid membrane technique

Removal of Hexavalent Chromium-Contaminated Wastewater by Micro-Emulsion Liquid Membrane Method

2011 ◽  
Vol 356-360 ◽  
pp. 1962-1966
Author(s):  
Chun Shan Zhu ◽  
Li Qiu ◽  
Jia Song ◽  
Yan Li Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Hexavalent Chromium ◽  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽  
Sorbitan Monooleate ◽  
Internal Phase ◽  
External Phase ◽  
Stirring Time ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Micro Emulsion

The micro-emulsion liquid membrane (MELM) was prepared for the extraction of hexavalent chromium (Cr (Ⅵ)) from wastewater. The membrane phase consists of kerosene as a membrane solvent, tributyl phosphate (TBP) as a mobile carrier, and sorbitan monooleate(Span80) as a surfactant. A NaOH solution is the internal aqueous phase. The effects of different conditions on the extractive of Cr (Ⅵ) were discussed. The results showed that the removal rate of Cr (Ⅵ) could reach 99.78% when the NaOH concentration was of 0.1mol•L-1in internal phase, the pH values 1.0-1.75 in external phase, Rew of 1:3 and Roi of 2:1, stirring time of 12min and stirring rate of 320r•min-1, 10% of carrier and 15%-17% of surfactant.

Removal of Phenol by a New Emulsion Liquid Membrane System and its Heat-Induced Demulsification

2011 ◽  
Vol 356-360 ◽  
pp. 1675-1678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Peng ◽  
Chun Jian Xu
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Membrane Phase ◽  
Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽  
Internal Phase ◽  
External Phase ◽  
Demulsification Efficiency

Removal of phenol from aqueous solution by a new emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) system and its heat-induced demulsification have been investigated. The ELM consists of commercial kerosene as organic solvent, OP-4 as surfactant agent, hydrochloric acid as the stripping phase. Effect of different operating parameters such as internal phase concentration, surfactant concentration, stirring speed, PH value in external phase, volume ratio of membrane phase to internal phase and volume ratio of membrane phase to external phase were investigated for the removal of phenol from aqueous solution. At the optimum condition about 95.7% phenol is removed in less than 20min of contact time. The demulsification efficiency was investigated under different temperature and time and proved to be high at 80°C.

Parameter Study of Ionized Nanosilver Recovery from Wash Water using Emulsion Liquid Membrane Process

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raja Norimie Raja Sulaiman ◽  
Norasikin Othman ◽  
Nor Aishah Saidina Amin ◽  
Norul Fatiha Mohamed Noah
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Aquatic Organism ◽  
Agitation Speed ◽  
Wash Water ◽  
Organic Chemical ◽  
Parameter Study ◽  
Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽  
Internal Phase ◽  
External Phase

Ionized nanosilver is a harmful and highly toxic owing to its association with other organic chemical especially with the aquatic organism cells. Therefore, it is crucial to treat the ionized nanosilver to preserve the environment. In this study, experiments were carried out using emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) process in order to investigate the performance of extraction and recovery of ionized nanosilver from wash water. This process involves three phase dispersion systems including external phase, membrane phase and internal phase. The ELM formulation consists of bis [2,4,4-trimethylpentyl] monothiophosphinic acid (Cyanex 302) as a carrier, Span 80 as a surfactant, kerosene as a diluent and thiourea in sulphuric acid (H2SO4) solution as stripping agent. This study has highlighted several effects of parameters including agitation speed, pH of external phase, and treat ratio. The concentration of the ionized nanosilver was measured using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS). The results have demonstrated that at optimum conditions, the percentages of extraction, stripping and recovery were 96, 84 and 80% respectively at 150 rpm of agitation speed, pH 2 and 0.33 of treat ratio.

scholarly journals MATHEMATICAL MODELING FOR THE EXTRACTION OF URANIUM AND MOLYBDENUM WITH EMULSION LIQUID MEMBRANE, INCLUDING INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION AND COST EVALUATION OF THE URANIUM RECOVERY

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Kris Tri Basuki
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Phase Interface ◽  
Cost Evaluation ◽  
Membrane Systems ◽  
Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽  
Uranium Recovery ◽  
Internal Phase ◽  
External Phase ◽  
Solute Carrier

MATHEMATICAL MODELING FOR THE EXTRACTION OF URANIUM AND MOLYBDENUM WITH EMULSION LIQUID MEMBRANE, INCLUDING INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION AND COST EVALUATION OF THE URANIUM RECOVERY. Emulsion liquid membrane systems are double emulsion drops. Two immiscible phases are separated by a third phase which is immiscible with the other two phases. The liquid membrane systems were classified into two types: (1) carrier mediated mass transfer, (2) mass transfer without any reaction involved. Uranium extraction, molybdenum extraction and solvent extraction were used as purposed elements for each type of the membrane systems in the derivation of their mathematical models. Mass transfer in emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) systems has been modeled by several differential and algebraic equations. The models take into account the following : mass transfer of the solute from the bulk external phase to the external phase-membrane interface; an equilibrium reaction between the solute and the carrier to form the solute- carrier complex at the interface; mass transfer by diffusion of the solute-carrier complex in the membrane phase to the membrane-internal phase interface; another equilibrium reaction of the solute-carrier complex to release the solute at the membrane-internal phase interface into the internal phase. Models with or without the consideration of film resistances were developed and compared. The models developed in this study can predict the extraction rate through emulsion liquid membranes theoretically. All parameters required in the models can be determined before an experimental extraction run. Experimental data from  literature (uranium extraction) and (molybdenum extraction and solvent extraction) were used to test the models. The agreements between the theoretical predictions and the experimental data were very good. The advantages of emulsion liquid membrane systems over traditional methods were discussed. The models developed in this research can be used directly for the design of emulsion liquid membrane systems. The results of this study represent a very significant step toward the practical applications of the emulsion liquid membrane technology.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document