scholarly journals Applying of Piston Mechanism Design Used in the Wavelength Electrical Generating of Ocean for Fishing Communities

2014 ◽  
Vol 918 ◽  
pp. 73-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendra ◽  
Anizar Indriani ◽  
Hernadewita
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Mechanism Design ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Ocean Waves ◽  
Ocean Wave ◽  
Wave Power ◽  
Tube Material ◽  
Generator Rotor ◽  
Piston Mechanism

Pneumatic mechanism widely used in industrial, automotive, aerospace, and etc. The principle of pneumatic like piston is move up and down due to the air pressure inside the piston. Mechanism of piston can be applied to the power plant that utilizes the ocean waves where as use of piston mechanism is very helpful in solving the problem of fossil fuel scarcity as a source of energy in power plants. In this study we will focus on the pneumatic system which utilizing ocean wave that moves longitudinally to encourage buoy that located on the piston shaft to up and down and then the pressing of air out of piston. Output of the piston will be forwarded to the generator (rotor and stator) to produce a voltage. In this paper is focused on the manufacture of pneumatic systems and processes to produce the rotation and voltage. Material of piston tube component made of aluminum and rubber, buoys made of plastic and generator such as of metal and copper coils. Output of the piston will be forwarded to the generator (rotor and stator) to produce a voltage. In this paper is focused on the manufacture of pneumatic systems and processes to obtained the rotation and voltage with aluminum for piston tube material, buoys made of plastic and magnet rotor and copper coils of stator include on the generator and get the results of ocean wave power plant using piston mechanism is 1400 rpm with a voltage of 36 volt.

scholarly journals Towards space based verification of CO<sub>2</sub> emissions from strong localized sources: fossil fuel power plant emissions as seen by a CarbonSat constellation

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 5147-5182
Author(s):  
V. A. Velazco ◽  
M. Buchwitz ◽  
H. Bovensmann ◽  
M. Reuter ◽  
O. Schneising ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Systematic Error ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Systematic Errors ◽  
Random Errors ◽  
Power Plant Emissions ◽  
Global Coverage ◽  
Plant Emissions

Abstract. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the most important man-made greenhouse gas (GHG) that cause global warming. With electricity generation through fossil-fuel power plants now as the economic sector with the largest source of CO2, power plant emissions monitoring has become more important than ever in the fight against global warming. In a previous study done by Bovensmann et al. (2010), random and systematic errors of power plant CO2 emissions have been quantified using a single overpass from a proposed CarbonSat instrument. In this study, we quantify errors of power plant annual emission estimates from a hypothetical CarbonSat and constellations of several CarbonSats while taking into account that power plant CO2 emissions are time-dependent. Our focus is on estimating systematic errors arising from the sparse temporal sampling as well as random errors that are primarily dependent on wind speeds. We used hourly emissions data from the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) combined with assimilated and re-analyzed meteorological fields from the National Centers of Environmental Prediction (NCEP). CarbonSat orbits were simulated as a sun-synchronous low-earth orbiting satellite (LEO) with an 828-km orbit height, local time ascending node (LTAN) of 13:30 (01:30 p.m.) and achieves global coverage after 5 days. We show, that despite the variability of the power plant emissions and the limited satellite overpasses, one CarbonSat can verify reported US annual CO2 emissions from large power plants (≥5 Mt CO2 yr−1) with a systematic error of less than ~4.9 % for 50 % of all the power plants. For 90 % of all the power plants, the systematic error was less than ~12.4 %. We additionally investigated two different satellite configurations using a combination of 5 CarbonSats. One achieves global coverage everyday but only samples the targets at fixed local times. The other configuration samples the targets five times at two-hour intervals approximately every 6th day but only achieves global coverage after 5 days. From the statistical analyses, we found, as expected, that the random errors improve by approximately a factor of two if 5 satellites are used. On the other hand, more satellites do not result in a large reduction of the systematic error. The systematic error is somewhat smaller for the CarbonSat constellation configuration achieving global coverage everyday. Finally, we recommend the CarbonSat constellation configuration that achieves daily global coverage.

The Effect of Fossil Fuel Prices on Flexible CO2 Capture Operation

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart M. Cohen ◽  
John Fyffe ◽  
Gary T. Rochelle ◽  
Michael E. Webber
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Co2 Capture ◽  
Electricity Market ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Fuel Prices ◽  
Economic Analyses ◽  
Co2 Capture Systems

Coal consumption for electricity generation produces over 30% of U.S. carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, but coal is also an available, secure, and low cost fuel that is currently utilized to meet roughly half of America’s electricity demand. While the world transitions from the existing fossil fuel-based energy infrastructure to a sustainable energy system, carbon dioxide capture and sequestration (CCS) will be a critical technology that will allow continued use of coal in an environmentally acceptable manner. Techno-economic analyses are useful in understanding the costs and benefits of CCS. However, typical techno-economic analyses of post-combustion CO2 capture systems assume continuous operation at a high CO2 removal, which could use 30% of pre-capture electricity output and require new capacity installation to replace the output lost to CO2 capture energy requirements. This study, however, considers the inherent flexibility in post-combustion CO2 capture systems by modeling power plants that vary CO2 capture energy requirements in order to increase electricity output when economical under electricity market conditions. A first-order model of electricity dispatch and a competitive electricity market is used to investigate flexible CO2 capture in response to hourly electricity demand variations. The Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT) electric grid is used as a case study to compare plant and grid performance, economics, and CO2 emissions in scenarios without CO2 capture to those with flexible or inflexible CO2 capture systems. Flexible CO2 capture systems can choose how much CO2 to capture based on the competition between CO2 and electricity prices and a desire to either minimize operating costs or maximize operating profits. Coal and natural gas prices have varying degrees of predictability and volatility, and the relative prices of these fuels have a major impact on power plant operating costs and the resulting plant dispatch sequence. Because the chosen operating point in a flexible CO2 capture system affects net power plant efficiency, fuel prices also influence which CO2 capture operating point may be the most economical and the resulting dispatch of power plants with CO2 capture. Several coal and natural gas price combinations are investigated to determine their impact on flexible CO2 capture operation and the resulting economic and environmental impacts at the power plant and electric grid levels. This study investigates the costs and benefits of flexible CO2 capture in a framework of a carbon-constrained future where the effects of major energy infrastructure changes on fuel prices are not entirely clear.

scholarly journals Stochastic risk-sensitive market integration for renewable energy: Application to ocean wave power plants

2018 ◽  
Vol 229 ◽  
pp. 474-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwami Senam A. Sedzro ◽  
Shalinee Kishore ◽  
Alberto J. Lamadrid ◽  
Luis F. Zuluaga
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Market Integration ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Ocean Wave ◽  
Wave Power ◽  
Risk Sensitive ◽  
Energy Application ◽  
Stochastic Risk

CO2 Capture for Power Plants: An Analysis of the Energetic Requirements by Chemical Absorption

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana R. Diaz
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Co2 Capture ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Co2 Absorption ◽  
Chemical Absorption ◽  
Technical Effort

The tendency in the world energy demand seems clear: it can only grow. The energetic industry will satisfy this demand-despite all its dialectic about new technologies-at least medium term mostly with current fossil fuel technologies. In this picture from an engineer’s point of view, one of the primary criterions for mitigating the effects of increasing atmospheric concentration of CO2 is to restrict the CO2 fossil fuel emissions into the atmosphere. This paper is focused on the analysis of different CO2 capture technologies for power plants. Indeed, one of the most important goal to concentrate on is the CO2 capture energy requirements, as it dictates the net size of the power plant and, hence, the net cost of power generation with CO2 avoidance technologies. Here, the Author presents a critical review of different CO2 absorption capture technologies. These technologies have been widely analyzed in the literature under chemical and economic points of view, leaving their impact on the energy power plant performance in a second plan. Thus, the central question examined in this paper is the connection between abatement capability and its energetic requirements, which seriously decrease power generation efficiency. Evidencing that the CO2 capture needs additional technical effort and establishing that further developments in this area must be constrained by reducing its energy requirements. After a comprehensive literature revision, six different chemical absorption methods are analyzed based on a simplified energetic model, in order to account for its energetic costs. Furthermore, an application case study is provided where the different CO2 capture systems studied are coupled to a natural gas cogeneration power plant.

Multi-Pollutant Removal System Performance: Based on Testing and Plant Operation Experience

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.-J. Hamel ◽  
Walter Jaeger ◽  
Volker Fattinger ◽  
Heinz Termuehlen
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Clean Coal ◽  
The Us ◽  
Removal System

Since roughly 95 % of the fossil fuel reserves in the US are coal and only 5 % natural gas and crude oil, we need clean coal-fired power plants. Today, about 1400 pulverized-coal-fired power plant units are generating roughly 50 % of the US electric power.

Performance Optimization of Advanced Power Plants Based on Fossil Fuel Decarbonization Technologies

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Gambini ◽  
Michela Vellini
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Partial Oxidation ◽  
Performance Optimization ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
H2 Production ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Percentage Points

In this paper two options for H2 production, by means of fossil fuels, are presented and their performances are evaluated when they are integrated with advanced H2/air cycles. In this investigation two different schemes have been analyzed: an advanced combined cycle power plant (CC) and a new advanced mixed cycle power plant (AMC). The two methods for producing H2 are as follows: • partial oxidation of methane; • gasification of coal. These hydrogen production plants require material and energetic integrations with the power section and the best interconnections must be investigated in order to obtain good overall performance. With reference to thermodynamic and economic performance, significant comparisons have been made between the above mentioned reference plants. An efficiency decrease and an increase in the cost of electricity have been obtained when power plants are equipped with a fossil fuel decarbonization section. The main results of the performed investigation are quite variable among the different H2 production technologies here considered: the efficiency decreases in a range of 5.5 percentage points to nearly 10 for the partial oxidation of the natural gas and in a range of 6.2–6.4 percentage points for the coal gasification. The electricity production cost increases in a range of about 33–37% for the first option and in a range of about 24–32% for the second one. The clean use of coal seems to have very good potentiality because, in comparison with natural gas decarbonisation, it allows lower energy penalizations (about 6 percentage points) and lower economic increases (about 24% for the CC).

Gas Turbine With Constant Volume Heat Addition

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Can Gu¨len
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Brayton Cycle ◽  
Heat Addition ◽  
Volume Heat

Increasing the thermal efficiency of fossil fuel fired power plants in general and the gas turbine power plant in particular is of extreme importance. In the face of diminishing natural resources and increasing carbon emissions that lead to a heightened greenhouse effect and greater concerns over global warming, thermal efficiency is more critical today than ever before. In the science of thermodynamics, the best yardstick for a power generation system’s performance is the Carnot efficiency — the ultimate efficiency limit, set by the second law, which can be achieved only by a perfect heat engine operating in a cycle. As a fact of nature this upper theoretical limit is out of reach, thus engineers usually set their eyes on more realistic goals. For the longest time, the key performance benchmark of a combined cycle (CC) power plant has been the 60% net electric efficiency. Land-based gas turbines based on the classic Brayton cycle with constant pressure heat addition represent the pinnacle of fossil fuel burning power generation engineering. Advances in the last few decades, mainly driven by the increase in cycle maximum temperatures, which in turn are made possible by technology breakthroughs in hot gas path materials, coating and cooling technologies, pushed the power plant efficiencies to nearly 40% in simple cycle and nearly 60% in combined cycle configurations. To surpass the limitations imposed by available materials and other design considerations and to facilitate a significant improvement in the thermal efficiency of advanced Brayton cycle gas turbine power plants necessitate a rethinking of the basic thermodynamic cycle. The current paper highlights the key thermodynamic considerations that make the constant volume heat addition a viable candidate in this respect. First using fundamental air-standard cycle formulas and then more realistic but simple models, potential efficiency improvement in simple and combined cycle configurations is investigated. Existing and past research activities are summarized to illustrate the technologies that can transform the basic thermodynamics into a reality via mechanically and economically feasible products.

scholarly journals Analysis of pontoon multi pendulum motion response trimaran model at ocean wave power plant based on pendulum system (PLTG-SB)

2021 ◽  
Vol 1052 (1) ◽  
pp. 012063
Author(s):  
I K A P Utama ◽  
R Hantoro ◽  
E Septyaningrum ◽  
Q Khasanah ◽  
J Prananda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Ocean Wave ◽  
Wave Power ◽  
Pendulum Motion ◽  
Pendulum System ◽  
Motion Response

scholarly journals A Review of the Optimization Design and Control for Ocean Wave Power Generation Systems

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Juanjuan Wang ◽  
Zhongxian Chen ◽  
Fei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
Optimization Design ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Ocean Waves ◽  
Ocean Wave ◽  
Wave Power ◽  
Optimization Control ◽  
Power Generation Systems ◽  
Wave Power Generation

Ocean wave power generation techniques (converting wave energy into electrical energy) have been in use for many years. The objective of this paper is to review the design, control, efficiency, and safety of ocean wave power generation systems. Several topics are discussed: the current situation of ocean wave power generation system tests in real ocean waves; the optimization design of linear generator for converting ocean wave energy into electrical energy; some optimization control methods to improve the operational efficiency of ocean wave power generation systems; and the current policy and financial support of ocean wave power generation in some countries. Due to the harsh ocean environment, safety is another factor that ocean wave power generation systems will face. Therefore, before the conclusion of this review, a damping coefficient optimization control method based on the domain partition is proposed to improve the efficiency and safety of ocean wave power generation systems.

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of Solar Power Plants: A Review and a Case Study

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2253
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Makkiabadi ◽  
Siamak Hoseinzadeh ◽  
Ali Taghavirashidizadeh ◽  
Mohsen Soleimaninezhad ◽  
Mohammadmahdi Kamyabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Ocean Waves ◽  
Solar Power Plant ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Solar Power Plants

The world’s electricity generation has increased with renewable energy technologies such as solar (solar power plant), wind energy (wind turbines), heat energy, and even ocean waves. Iran is in the best condition to receive solar radiation due to its proximity to the equator (25.2969° N). In 2020, Iran was able to supply only 900 MW (about 480 solar power plants and 420 MW home solar power plants) of its electricity demand from solar energy, which is very low compared to the global average. Yazd, Fars, and Kerman provinces are in the top ranks of Iran, with the production of approximately 68, 58, and 47 MW using solar energy, respectively. Iran also has a large area of vacant land for the construction of solar power plants. In this article, the amount of electricity generation using solar energy in Iran is studied. In addition, the construction of a 10 MW power plant in the city of Sirjan is economically and technically analyzed. The results show that with US$16.14 million, a solar power plant can be built in the Sirjan region, and the initial capital will be returned in about four years. The results obtained using Homer software show that the highest maximum power generation is in July.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document