Public Housing in Bandung an Assessment and Approaches through Urban Physics

2014 ◽  
Vol 935 ◽  
pp. 273-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beta Paramita ◽  
Hiroatsu Fukuda
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Public Housing ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
High Density ◽  
Outdoor Thermal Comfort ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
Urban Forms ◽  
Hot Humid Climate ◽  
Radiant Temperature

High density of population and vertical buildings seems to be the only aspect fit to the concept for city in the developing country. The vertical housings then become a matter of necessity in high density area, in which the building groups themselves significantly contribute to microclimate at urban scales. This study is going to give descriptions of outdoor thermal comfort of public housing in Bandung by means its correlation between urban forms and mean radiant temperature. A number of simulations have used ENVI-met to reveal a better urban form which addresses the role of urban physics in the study of outdoor thermal comfort in a hot humid climate area.

scholarly journals Building Configuration of Low-Cost Apartments in Bandung—Its Contribution to the Microclimate and Outdoor Thermal Comfort

Buildings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beta Paramita ◽  
Hiroatsu Fukuda ◽  
Rendy Perdana Khidmat ◽  
Andreas Matzarakis
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Outdoor Thermal Comfort ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
Hot Humid Climate ◽  
Radiant Temperature ◽  
Building Form

This paper aims to find the microclimate aspect within the building form and configuration of five low-cost apartments (henceforth rusun) in Bandung, Indonesia. There are parallel, square, and interspersed plots investigated with specific discussion on the microclimate aspects that gain human perception of outdoor thermal comfort. The microclimate prognostic model, i.e., ENVI-met, was used to determine the mean radiant temperature (Tmrt), which was then used to describe the living quality of outdoor thermal comfort, i.e., PET (physiologically equivalent temperature) in a hot-humid climate context. A parallel plot with building orientation toward north-south was found as the most beneficial building form and configuration. Somehow, the parallel plot toward the west-east orientation did not provide similar performance. Nevertheless, the square plot provided uncomfortable perception as there was an absence of building shade within the wide open space and ground cover to absorb the insolation. The interspersed plot can be considered for the building configuration because it generates more wind among other plots. The building form and configuration of rusun with passive design seems to not be able to achieve outdoor thermal comfort. The highest PET value of Model D with the square plot had PET = 41 °C (hot) while the lowest PET in Model A with the parallel plot (N-S) had PET = 34.2 °C (slightly warm).

scholarly journals Amelioration of Urban Temperature through Landscape Design Approaching Hot-Humid Climate: A Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Sharifah Khalizah Syed Othman Thani ◽  
Nik Hanita Nik Mohamad ◽  
Sabrina Idilfitri
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Landscape Design ◽  
Design Approach ◽  
Outdoor Thermal Comfort ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
International Publishing ◽  
Hot Humid Climate ◽  
Sustainable Landscape

This paper discusses a conceptual review of sustainable landscape design approach as mitigating strategies to modify urban temperature in a hot- humid climate.The amelioration of urban temperature through landscape approach can be achieved by incorporating sustainable landscape design practices via the interplay of natural vegetation in the hot-humid tropics. The findings of this paper are hoped to guide the practitioners in landscape architecture, policy makers and urban designers to incorporate sustainable landscape design approach towards improving outdoor thermal comfort; thus providing a better quality of life. Keywords: Landscape design principles; outdoor thermal comfort; urban heat island; hot-humid climate eISSN 2514-751X © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. https://doi.org/10.21834/aje-bs.v3i8.274 

scholarly journals Heat-Mitigation Strategies to Improve Pedestrian Thermal Comfort in Urban Environments: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 10000
Author(s):  
Nazanin Nasrollahi ◽  
Amir Ghosouri ◽  
Jamal Khodakarami ◽  
Mohammad Taleghani
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Comfort Level ◽  
Outdoor Thermal Comfort ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Urban Forms ◽  
Radiant Temperature ◽  
The Impact

Thermal comfort is one of the main factors affecting pedestrian health, and improving thermal comfort enhances walkability. In this paper, the impact of various strategies on thermal-comfort improvement for pedestrians is thoroughly evaluated and compared. Review studies cover both fieldwork and simulation results. These strategies consist of shading (trees, buildings), the orientation and geometry of urban forms, vegetation, solar-reflective materials, and water bodies, which were investigated as the most effective ways to improve outdoor thermal comfort. Results showed that the most important climatic factors affecting outdoor thermal comfort are mean radiant temperature, wind speed, and wind direction in a microclimate. The best heat-mitigation strategy for improving thermal comfort was found to be vegetation and specifically trees because of their shading effect. The effect of height-to-width (H/W) ratio in canyons is another important factor. By increasing H/W ratio, the thermal-comfort level also increases. Deploying highly reflective materials in urban canyons is not recommended, as several studies showed that they could reflect solar radiation onto pedestrians. Results also showed that, in order to achieve a satisfactory level of thermal comfort, physiological and psychological factors should be considered together.

scholarly journals Thermal comfort of urban spaces using simulation tools exploring street orientation influence of on the outdoor thermal comfort: a case study of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 594-606
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Rizk Hegazy ◽  
Emad Mohammed Qurnfulah
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Outdoor Thermal Comfort ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Jeddah City ◽  
Human Thermal Comfort ◽  
Outdoor Spaces ◽  
Outdoor Comfort ◽  
Hot Humid Climate

Abstract At present, the environmental quality of urban regions and outdoor spaces has turn out to be one of the main issues facing both climatologists and designers, which could be identified through their research outcomes. It is argued that the urban configuration affects the micro-climate of the urban outdoor spaces. The street’s orientation form was identified as an element, which impacts the urban environment with regards of receiving passive solar, solar radiation and reflection against urban absorption, wind flow and the possible urban cooling techniques. The key purpose of this study is to look into the urban configuration factors affecting the human thermal outdoor comfort in Jeddah city as an example of hot humid climate regions. To accomplish its aim, the research is divided to two sections. The first one illustrates the problem of the research, then generally reviews the literature associated with the outdoor human thermal comfort; in addition, it discusses the relationship between street orientation and micro-climate. The second section highlight the assessments carried out between four different orientations of urban streets from two different districts in Jeddah city, using ENVI-met software. The research adopts three environmental variables to be examined, namely air temperature, wind speed, relative humidity together with pedestrian thermal comfort as indicators for predicted mean vote, during summer and winter seasons. The outcomes of the comparison assist to identify decisions related street networks to achieve the desirable human outdoor thermal comfort in such an urban environment.

scholarly journals Modeling Mean Radiant Temperature Distribution in Urban Landscapes Using DART

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1443
Author(s):  
Maria Angela Dissegna ◽  
Tiangang Yin ◽  
Hao Wu ◽  
Nicolas Lauret ◽  
Shanshan Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Outdoor Thermal Comfort ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Mean Radiant Temperature ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Sensing Data ◽  
Radiant Temperature

The microclimatic conditions of the urban environment influence significantly the thermal comfort of human beings. One of the main human biometeorology parameters of thermal comfort is the Mean Radiant Temperature (Tmrt), which quantifies effective radiative flux reaching a human body. Simulation tools have proven useful to analyze the radiative behavior of an urban space and its impact on the inhabitants. We present a new method to produce detailed modeling of Tmrt spatial distribution using the 3-D Discrete Anisotropic Radiation Transfer model (DART). Our approach is capable to simulate Tmrt at different scales and under a range of parameters including the urban pattern, surface material of ground, walls, roofs, and properties of the vegetation (coverage, shape, spectral signature, Leaf Area Index and Leaf Area Density). The main advantages of our method are found in (1) the fine treatment of radiation in both short-wave and long-wave domains, (2) detailed specification of optical properties of urban surface materials and of vegetation, (3) precise representation of the vegetation component, and (4) capability to assimilate 3-D inputs derived from multisource remote sensing data. We illustrate and provide a first evaluation of the method in Singapore, a tropical city experiencing strong Urban Heat Island effect (UHI) and seeking to enhance the outdoor thermal comfort. The comparison between DART modelled and field estimated Tmrt shows good agreement in our study site under clear-sky condition over a time period from 10:00 to 19:00 (R2 = 0.9697, RMSE = 3.3249). The use of a 3-D radiative transfer model shows promising capability to study urban microclimate and outdoor thermal comfort with increasing landscape details, and to build linkage to remote sensing data. Our methodology has the potential to contribute towards optimizing climate-sensitive urban design when combined with the appropriate tools.

scholarly journals Analysis of Urban Greening Scenarios for Improving Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Neighbourhoods of Lecce (Southern Italy)

Climate ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Elisa Gatto ◽  
Fabio Ippolito ◽  
Gennaro Rispoli ◽  
Oliver Savio Carlo ◽  
Jose Luis Santiago ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Outdoor Thermal Comfort ◽  
Urban Greening ◽  
Urban Microclimate ◽  
Field Campaigns ◽  
Typical Summer ◽  
Radiant Temperature

This study analyses the interactions and impacts between multiple factors i.e., urban greening, building layout, and meteorological conditions that characterise the urban microclimate and thermal comfort in the urban environment. The focus was on two neighbourhoods of Lecce city (southern Italy) characterised through field campaigns and modelling simulations on a typical hot summer day. Field campaigns were performed to collect greening, building geometry, and microclimate data, which were employed in numerical simulations of several greening scenarios using the Computational Fluid Dynamics-based and microclimate model ENVI-met. Results show that, on a typical summer day, trees may lead to an average daily decrease of air temperature by up to 1.00 °C and an improvement of thermal comfort in terms of Mean Radiant Temperature (MRT) by up to 5.53 °C and Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) by up to 0.53. This decrease is more evident when the urban greening (in terms of green surfaces and trees) is increased by 1266 m2 in the first neighbourhood and 1988 m2 in the second one, with respect to the current scenario, proving that shading effect mainly contributes to improving the urban microclimate during daytime. On the contrary, the trapping effect of heat, stored by the surfaces during the day and released during the evening, induces an increase of the spatially averaged MRT by up to 2 °C during the evenings and a slight deterioration of thermal comfort, but only locally where the concentration of high LAD trees is higher. This study contributes to a better understanding of the ecosystem services provided by greening with regard to microclimate and thermal comfort within an urban environment for several hours of the day. It adds knowledge about the role of green areas in a Mediterranean city, an important hot spot of climate change, and thus it can be a guide for important urban regeneration plans.

scholarly journals Biomimicry-Based Strategies for Urban Heat Island Mitigation: A Numerical Case Study under Tropical Climate

Biomimetics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Kevin Araque ◽  
Paola Palacios ◽  
Dafni Mora ◽  
Miguel Chen Austin
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Urban Heat Island ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Outdoor Thermal Comfort ◽  
Base Case ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
Historical Heritage ◽  
Pet Index ◽  
Radiant Temperature

In recent years, demographic growth has caused cities to expand their urban areas, increasing the risk of overheating, creating insurmountable microclimatic conditions within the urban area, which is why studies have been carried out on the urban heat island effect (UHI) and its mitigation. Therefore, this research aims to evaluate the cooling potential in the application of strategies based on biomimicry for the microclimate in a historical heritage city of Panama. For this, three case studies (base case, case 1, and case 2) of outdoor thermal comfort were evaluated, in which the Envi-met software was used to emulate and evaluate the thermal performance of these strategies during March (highest temperature month) and October (rainier month). The strategies used were extracted from the contrast of zebra skin, human skin, evaporative cooling, and ant skin. The results showed a reduction of 2.8 °C in the air temperature at 11:00, the radiant temperature decreased by 2.2 °C, and the PET index managed to reduce the thermal comfort indicator among its categories. The importance of thinking based on biomimicry in sustainable strategies is concluded; although significant changes were obtained, high risks of discomfort persist due to the layout and proximity of the building.

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