Respiratory Volume Estimation by a Stretchable Textile Sensor

2012 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 136-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Enokibori ◽  
Yoshu Ito ◽  
Koji Ikeda ◽  
Akihisa Suzuki ◽  
Yuuki Shimakami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motion Capture ◽  
Volume Estimation ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Respiratory Volume ◽  
Respiration Monitoring ◽  
Volume Curve ◽  
Flow Volume Curve ◽  
Textile Sensor ◽  
Conductive Fibers

E-Textiles using fabric sensors have been studied well for respiration monitoring in recent years; they can estimate respiratory rates and patterns. However, studies of respiratory volume and flow estimation remain unestablished, although they are necessary for the inspection and monitoring of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In this paper, we introduce a new stretchable textile sensor and examine how to calculate respiratory volume. The sensor can stretch up to about 150% (e.g., 13 to 20 cm). The stretch can be detected from the electronic potential changes between conductive fibers. We analyzed the relationships between the respiratory volume and the torso-surface movements using motion capture. In our evaluation, the mean rooted mean standard errors (RMSEs) of the estimated volumes were 0.39 ± 0.17 (L) among four datasets with motion capture and 0.62 ± 0.22 (L) among three datasets with the textile sensor. In addition, we successfully drew a similar flow volume curve (FVC) to those captured with a spirometer.

Detection of expiratory flow limitation during exercise in COPD patients

1997 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 723-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nickolaos G. Koulouris ◽  
Ioanna Dimopoulou ◽  
Päivi Valta ◽  
Richard Finkelstein ◽  
Manuel G. Cosio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Flow Limitation ◽  
Expiratory Flow Limitation ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Volume Curve ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Flow Volume Curve ◽  
Expiratory Flow

Koulouris, Nickolaos G., Ioanna Dimopoulou, Päivi Valta, Richard Finkelstein, Manuel G. Cosio, and J. Milic-Emili.Detection of expiratory flow limitation during exercise in COPD patients. J. Appl. Physiol. 82(3): 723–731, 1997.—The negative expiratory pressure (NEP) method was used to detect expiratory flow limitation at rest and at different exercise levels in 4 normal subjects and 14 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This method does not require performance of forced expirations, nor does it require use of body plethysmography. It consists in applying negative pressure (−5 cmH2O) at the mouth during early expiration and comparing the flow-volume curve of the ensuing expiration with that of the preceding control breath. Subjects in whom application of NEP does not elicit an increase in flow during part or all of the tidal expiration are considered flow limited. The four normal subjects were not flow limited up to 90% of maximal exercise power output (W˙max). Five COPD patients were flow limited at rest, 9 were flow limited at one-third W˙max, and 12 were flow limited at two-thirdsW˙max. Whereas in all patients who were flow limited at rest the maximal O2 uptake was below the normal limits, this was not the case in most of the other patients. In conclusion, NEP provides a rapid and reliable method to detect expiratory flow limitation at rest and during exercise.

Characterization of Asynchronous Telemedice Consultation for Pulmonology In Colombia

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-07
Author(s):  
Henry Amórtegui
Keyword(s):  
Vital Signs ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Medical Response ◽  
Volume Curve ◽  
Flow Volume Curve ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Pulmonary Pathology

Background Among the modalities of asynchronous telemedicine used in Colombia, there exists the teleconcepto, through which a medical response from a specialist is provided within certain time. Currently, there is no data about the characteristics of teleconceptos directed to the pulmonology service. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out to identify the characteristics of teleconceptos aimed at pulmonology. Data was obtained from the clinical record of each teleconcepto, taking into account date and time of the request, vital signs, ICD-10 diagnosis, present illness, and the reason for consultation, as well as date and time of response from pulmonology and type of recommendation, either a diagnosis or a treatment. Subsequently, the frequency and the percentage of the qualitative, quantitative, average and standard deviation variables were described. Results 766 teleconceptos were studied, the mean age was 60 years. The cities with the highest number of requests were Ibague (7.4%) and Bogotá (7.3%). Mainly reported symptoms in the present illness were dyspnea (47%) and coughing (44.1%); the main preceding condition associated with pulmonary pathology was chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (31.6%). Conclusions Coughing and dyspnea were the most frequently found symptoms in the patients referred to pulmonology by teleconcepto and COPD was the preceeding condition which was most frequently associated with pulmonary pathology. On the other hand, spirometry and flow-volume curve were the most requested tests by the physician and the pulmonologist. Finally, the average time in hours from the request to the teleconcepto response was 9.1 hours.

scholarly journals The Concavity of the Maximal Expiratory Flow–Volume Curve Reflects the Extent of Emphysema in Obstructive Lung Diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumi Mochizuki ◽  
Hiroaki Iijima ◽  
Azusa Watanabe ◽  
Naoya Tanabe ◽  
Susumu Sato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Flow Volume ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Wall Area ◽  
Maximal Expiratory Flow ◽  
Volume Curve ◽  
Flow Volume Curve ◽  
Expiratory Flow ◽  
Volume Difference

Abstract A concave-shaped maximal expiratory flow-volume (MEFV) curve is a spirometric feature in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The MEFV curve is characterized by an increase in the Obstructive Index, which is defined as a ratio of forced vital capacity to the volume-difference between two points of half of the peak expiratory flow on the MEFV curve. We hypothesized that the Obstructive Index would reflect the severity of emphysema in patients with COPD and asthma-COPD overlap (ACO). Thus, the aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate whether the Obstructive Index on spirometry is associated with the extent of emphysema on computed tomography (CT) in patients with COPD, ACO, and asthma (N = 65, 15, and 53, respectively). The percentage of low-attenuation volume (LAV%) and wall area (WA%) were measured on CT. The Obstructive Index was higher in patients with COPD and ACO than in those with asthma. Spearman correlation showed that a greater Obstructive Index was associated with a higher LAV%, but not WA%. Multivariate analysis showed that Obstructive Index was associated with LAV% (standardized β = 0.43, P < 0.0001) independent of other spirometric indices. The Obstructive Index is a useful spirometric index that reflects the extent of emphysema.

Airway pressure-volume curve estimated by flow interruption during forced expiration

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 2631-2638 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Ohya ◽  
J. Huang ◽  
T. Fukunaga ◽  
H. Toga
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Flow ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Forced Expiration ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Volume Curve ◽  
Pressure Volume Curve ◽  
Mouth Pressure ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Volume Characteristics

We attempted to estimate the pressure-volume characteristics of airways downstream from the choke point when the airflow was abruptly interrupted during forced expiration. The change of gas volume of the downstream segment after interruption could be estimated by multiplying the maximum flow (Vmax) immediately before interruption by the interruption time because the Vmax is maintained for a short period after airflow interruption at the mouth, as described in our previous report (J. Appl. Physiol. 66: 509-517, 1989). For the pressure of the downstream segment, we used the mouth pressure itself. Airway compliance, a slope of the pressure-volume curve, was measured in an airway model in eight normal subjects, in six patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and in one patient with tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica. Airway compliance was 0.96 ml/cmH2O in normal subjects and 2.49 ml/cmH2O in COPD patients. This difference of airway compliance was believed to be caused by the longitudinal expansion of the downstream segment and changes in the properties of the airway wall.

scholarly journals Acute effects of long-acting bronchodilators on small airways detected in COPD patients by single-breath N2 test and lung P-V curve

2017 ◽  
Vol 123 (5) ◽  
pp. 1266-1275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Pecchiari ◽  
Pierachille Santus ◽  
Dejan Radovanovic ◽  
Edgardo DʼAngelo
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Closing Volume ◽  
Small Airways ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Single Breath ◽  
Volume Curve

Small airways represent the key factor of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) pathophysiology. The effect of different classes of bronchodilators on small airways is still poorly understood and difficult to assess. Hence the acute effects of tiotropium (18 µg) and indacaterol (150 µg) on closing volume (CV) and ventilation inhomogeneity were investigated and compared in 51 stable patients (aged 70 ± 7 yr, mean ± SD; 82% men) with moderate to very severe COPD. Patients underwent body plethysmography, arterial blood gas analysis, tidal expiratory flow limitation (EFL), dyspnea assessment, and simultaneous recording of single-breath N2 test and transpulmonary pressure-volume curve (PL-V), before and 1 h after drug administration. The effects produced by indacaterol on each variable did not differ from those caused by tiotropium, independent of the severity of disease, assessed according to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (GOLD) scale and the presence of EFL. Bronchodilators significantly decreased the slope of phase III and CV (−5 ± 4 and −2.5 ± 2.1%, respectively, both P < 0.001), with an increase in both slope and height of phase IV and of the anatomical dead space. Arterial oxygen pressure and saturation significantly improved (3 ± 3 mmHg and 2 ± 2%, respectively, both P < 0.001); their changes negatively correlated with those of phase III slope ( r = −0.659 and r = −0.454, respectively, both P < 0.01). The vital capacity (VC) increased substantially, but the PL-V/VC curve above CV was unaffected. In conclusion, bronchodilators reduce the heterogeneity of peripheral airway mechanical properties and the extent of their closure, with minor effects on critical closing pressure. This should lessen the risk of small-airway damage and positively affect gas exchange. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is the first study investigating in stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients the acute effects of two long-acting bronchodilators, a β-agonist and a muscarinic antagonist, on peripheral airways using simultaneous lung pressure-volume curve and single-breath N2 test. By lessening airway mechanical property heterogeneity, both drugs similarly reduced ventilation inhomogeneity and extent of small-airway closure, as indicated by the decrease of phase III slope, increased oxygen saturation, and fall of closing volume, often below expiratory reserve volume.

Oral and Oropharyngeal Sensory Function in Adults With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 864-872
Author(s):  
Fernanda Borowsky da Rosa ◽  
Adriane Schmidt Pasqualoto ◽  
Catriona M. Steele ◽  
Renata Mancopes
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Sensory Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Copd Patients

Introduction The oral cavity and pharynx have a rich sensory system composed of specialized receptors. The integrity of oropharyngeal sensation is thought to be fundamental for safe and efficient swallowing. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients are at risk for oropharyngeal sensory impairment due to frequent use of inhaled medications and comorbidities including gastroesophageal reflux disease. Objective This study aimed to describe and compare oral and oropharyngeal sensory function measured using noninstrumental clinical methods in adults with COPD and healthy controls. Method Participants included 27 adults (18 men, nine women) with a diagnosis of COPD and a mean age of 66.56 years ( SD = 8.68). The control group comprised 11 healthy adults (five men, six women) with a mean age of 60.09 years ( SD = 11.57). Spirometry measures confirmed reduced functional expiratory volumes (% predicted) in the COPD patients compared to the control participants. All participants completed a case history interview and underwent clinical evaluation of oral and oropharyngeal sensation by a speech-language pathologist. The sensory evaluation explored the detection of tactile and temperature stimuli delivered by cotton swab to six locations in the oral cavity and two in the oropharynx as well as identification of the taste of stimuli administered in 5-ml boluses to the mouth. Analyses explored the frequencies of accurate responses regarding stimulus location, temperature and taste between groups, and between age groups (“≤ 65 years” and “> 65 years”) within the COPD cohort. Results We found significantly higher frequencies of reported use of inhaled medications ( p < .001) and xerostomia ( p = .003) in the COPD cohort. Oral cavity thermal sensation ( p = .009) was reduced in the COPD participants, and a significant age-related decline in gustatory sensation was found in the COPD group ( p = .018). Conclusion This study found that most of the measures of oral and oropharyngeal sensation remained intact in the COPD group. Oral thermal sensation was impaired in individuals with COPD, and reduced gustatory sensation was observed in the older COPD participants. Possible links between these results and the use of inhaled medication by individuals with COPD are discussed.

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