Micro-CT Analysis of New Bone Formation Around Implant with Electrochemically Deposited Apatite

Abstract Objective The aim of this study is to evaluate through gene expression, immunohistochemical and microtomographic (micro-CT) analysis the response of peri-implant bone tissue around titanium implants with different surface treatments, placed in bone defects filled or not with bone substitute materials. In addition, to investigate the hypothesis that porous-hydrophilic surface induces a faster bone formation. Materials and methods Twenty-six animals were divided into two groups according to implant surface treatment. In each tibia, a bone defect was created followed by the placement of one implant. On the left tibia, the defect was filled with blood clot (BC), and on the right tibia, the defect was filled with biphasic hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium-phosphate (HA/TCP) generating four subgroups: BC-N: bone defect filled with blood clot and porous surface titanium implant installed; BC-A: bone defect filled with blood clot and porous-hydrophilic surface titanium implant installed; HA/TCP-N: bone defect filled with bone substitute material and porous surface titanium implant installed; and HA/TCP-A: bone defect filled with bone substitute material and porous-hydrophilic surface titanium implant installed. The animals were submitted to euthanasia at 15, 30, and 60 days after implant installation. The expression of two genes was evaluated: RUNX2 and BSP. Immunohistochemical analyses were performed for detection of RUNX2, OPN, OCN, OPG, and RANKL antibodies and bone matrix proteins. Finally, four parameters were chosen for micro-CT analysis: trabecular number, separation and thickness, and connectivity density. Results Descriptive analysis showed similar findings among the experimental groups. Moreover, porous-hydrophilic surfaces presented a higher expression of RUNX2, which is probably an indicative of better osteogenesis; although the data from this study may be considered an insufficient support for a concrete statement. Conclusion Porous hydrophilic surface can improve and accelerate protein expression and bone formation.

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Micro-CT Assessment of LED Irradiation on New Bone Formation in an Experimental Rat Calvaria Periosteal Elevation Model

Nippon Laser Igakkaishi ◽

10.2530/jslsm.jslsm-35_0021 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 35 (2) ◽

pp. 151-157 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Noboru Kuboyama ◽

K. Bhawal Ujjal ◽

Ryoichiro Uchida ◽

Akira Kaneda ◽

Yoshimitsu Abiko

Keyword(s):

Bone Formation ◽

Micro Ct ◽

New Bone Formation ◽

Rat Calvaria ◽

Elevation Model ◽

Led Irradiation

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STAT3 phosphorylation inhibition for treating inflammation and new bone formation in ankylosing spondylitis

Rheumatology ◽

10.1093/rheumatology/keaa846 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sungsin Jo ◽

Eun Jeong Won ◽

Moon-Ju Kim ◽

Yu Jeong Lee ◽

So-Hee Jin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Formation ◽

Chronic Inflammation ◽

Mononuclear Cells ◽

Kinase Inhibitor ◽

Janus Kinase ◽

Micro Ct ◽

New Bone Formation ◽

Osteoprogenitor Cells ◽

Suppression Effect ◽

Stat3 Phosphorylation

Abstract Objective AS is a rheumatic disease characterized by chronic inflammation and bony ankylosis. This study was to evaluate whether a signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 phosphorylation inhibitor (stat3-p Inh) could treat both chronic inflammation and bone formation in AS. Methods Primary AS osteoprogenitor cells and spinal entheseal cells were examined for osteogenic differentiation. SF mononuclear cells (SFMCs) and lamina propria mononuclear cells (LPMCs) were obtained from AS patients. Inflammatory cytokine-producing cells were analysed using flow cytometry and ELISA. Female SKG mice were treated with stat3-p Inh, IL-17A blocker or vehicle. Inflammation and new bone formation were evaluated using immunohistochemistry, PET and micro-CT. Results In the SKG mouse model, stat3-p Inh significantly suppressed arthritis, enthesitis, spondylitis and ileitis. In experiments culturing SFMCs and LPMCs, the frequencies of IFN-γ-, IL-17A- and TNF-α-producing cells were significantly decreased after stat3-p Inh treatment. When comparing current treatments for AS, stat3-p Inh showed a comparable suppression effect on osteogenesis to Janus kinase inhibitor or IL-17A blocker in AS-osteoprogenitor cells. Stat3-p Inh suppressed differentiation and mineralization of AS-osteoprogenitor cells and entheseal cells toward osteoblasts. Micro-CT analysis of hind paws revealed less new bone formation in stat3-p Inh-treated mice than vehicle-treated mice (P = 0.005). Hind paw and spinal new bone formation were similar between stat3-p Inh- and anti-IL-17A-treated SKG mice (P = 0.874 and P = 0.117, respectively). Conclusion Stat-3p inhibition is a promising treatment for both inflammation and new bone formation in AS.

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Micro-CT analysis with multiple thresholds allows detection of bone formation and resorption during ultrasound-treated fracture healing

Journal of Orthopaedic Research® ◽

10.1002/jor.20771 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 27 (5) ◽

pp. 673-679 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Theresa A. Freeman ◽

Payal Patel ◽

Javad Parvizi ◽

Valentin Antoci ◽

Irving M. Shapiro

Keyword(s):

Bone Formation ◽

Fracture Healing ◽

Micro Ct ◽

Multiple Thresholds ◽

Ct Analysis

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Dual Blockade of TNF and IL-17A Inhibits Inflammation and Structural Damage in a Rat Model of Spondyloarthritis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms23020859 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 859

Author(s):

Ihsan Hammoura ◽

Renee H. Fiechter ◽

Shaughn H. Bryant ◽

Susan Westmoreland ◽

Gillian Kingsbury ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Formation ◽

Rat Model ◽

Structural Damage ◽

Structural Changes ◽

Ct Imaging ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Micro Ct ◽

New Bone Formation ◽

Dual Blockade ◽

Dual Inhibition

The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and IL-23/IL-17 axes are the main therapeutic targets in spondyloarthritis. Despite the clinical efficacy of blocking either pathway, monotherapy does not induce remission in all patients and its effect on new bone formation remains unclear. We aimed to study the effect of TNF and IL-17A dual inhibition on clinical disease and structural damage using the HLA-B27/human β2-microglobulin transgenic rat model of SpA. Immunized rats were randomized according to arthritis severity, 1 week after arthritis incidence reached 50%, to be treated twice weekly for a period of 5 weeks with either a dual blockade therapy of an anti-TNF antibody and an anti-IL-17A antibody, a single therapy of either antibody, or PBS as vehicle control. Treatment-blinded observers assessed inflammation and structural damage clinically, histologically and by micro-CT imaging. Both single therapies as well as TNF and IL-17A dual blockade therapy reduced clinical spondylitis and peripheral arthritis effectively and similarly. Clinical improvement was confirmed for all treatments by a reduction of histological inflammation and pannus formation (p < 0.05) at the caudal spine. All treatments showed an improvement of structural changes at the axial and peripheral joints on micro-CT imaging, with a significant decrease for roughness (p < 0.05), which reflects both erosion and new bone formation, at the level of the caudal spine. The effect of dual blockade therapy on new bone formation was more prominent at the axial than the peripheral level. Collectively, our study showed that dual blockade therapy significantly reduces inflammation and structural changes, including new bone formation. However, we could not confirm a more pronounced effect of dual inhibition compared to single inhibition.

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Demineralized Bone Matrix Coating Si-Ca-P Ceramic Does Not Improve the Osseointegration of the Scaffold

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma11091580 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 1580 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Andrés Parrilla-Almansa ◽

Nuria García-Carrillo ◽

Patricia Ros-Tárraga ◽

Carlos Martínez ◽

Francisco Martínez-Martínez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Formation ◽

Bone Tissue ◽

Demineralized Bone Matrix ◽

Bone Matrix ◽

Micro Ct ◽

New Bone Formation ◽

Implantation Time ◽

Post Surgery ◽

Tissue Responses ◽

Demineralized Bone

The aim of this study was to manufacture and evaluate the effect of a biphasic calcium silicophosphate (CSP) scaffold ceramic, coated with a natural demineralized bone matrix (DBM), to evaluate the efficiency of this novel ceramic material in bone regeneration. The DBM-coated CSP ceramic was made by coating a CSP scaffold with gel DBM, produced by the partial sintering of different-sized porous granules. These scaffolds were used to reconstruct defects in rabbit tibiae, where CSP scaffolds acted as the control material. Micro-CT and histological analyses were performed to evaluate new bone formation at 1, 3, and 5 months post-surgery. The present research results showed a correlation among the data obtained by micro-CT and the histomorphological results, the gradual disintegration of the biomaterial, and the presence of free scaffold fragments dispersed inside the medullary cavity occupied by hematopoietic bone marrow over the 5-month study period. No difference was found between the DBM-coated and uncoated implants. The new bone tissue inside the implants increased with implantation time. Slightly less new bone formation was observed in the DBM-coated samples, but it was not statistically significant. Both the DBM-coated and the CSP scaffolds gave excellent bone tissue responses and good osteoconductivity.

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In Vivo Bone Regeneration Induced by a Scaffold of Chitosan/Dicarboxylic Acid Seeded with Human Periodontal Ligament Cells

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms20194883 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (19) ◽

pp. 4883 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Teerawat Sukpaita ◽

Suwabun Chirachanchai ◽

Pornchanok Suwattanachai ◽

Vincent Everts ◽

Atiphan Pimkhaokham ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Bone Formation ◽

Dicarboxylic Acid ◽

Bone Regeneration ◽

Periodontal Ligament ◽

Periodontal Ligament Cells ◽

Micro Ct ◽

New Bone Formation ◽

Calvarial Defects

Chitosan/dicarboxylic acid (CS/DA) scaffold has been developed as a bone tissue engineering material. This study evaluated a CS/DA scaffold with and without seeded primary human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) in its capacity to regenerate bone in calvarial defects of mice. The osteogenic differentiation of hPDLCs was analyzed by bone nodule formation and gene expression. In vivo bone regeneration was analyzed in mice calvarial defects. Eighteen mice were divided into 3 groups: one group with empty defects, one group with defects with CS/DA scaffold, and a group with defects with CS/DA scaffold and with hPDLCs. After 6 and 12 weeks, new bone formation was assessed using microcomputed tomography (Micro-CT) and histology. CS/DA scaffold significantly promoted in vitro osteoblast-related gene expression (RUNX2, OSX, COL1, ALP, and OPN) by hPDLCs. Micro-CT revealed that CS/DA scaffolds significantly promoted in vivo bone regeneration both after 6 and 12 weeks (p < 0.05). Histological examination confirmed these findings. New bone formation was observed in defects with CS/DA scaffold; being similar with and without hPDLCs. CS/DA scaffolds can be used as a bone regenerative material with good osteoinductive/osteoconductive properties.

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Fabrication and Evaluation of Porous Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate/Hydroxyapatite (60/40) Composite as a Bone Graft Extender Using Rat Calvarial Bone Defect Model

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2013/481789 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Jae Hyup Lee ◽

Mi Young Ryu ◽

Hae-Ri Baek ◽

Kyung Mee Lee ◽

Jun-Hyuk Seo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Formation ◽

Bone Graft ◽

Tricalcium Phosphate ◽

Calvarial Defect ◽

Micro Ct ◽

Porous Substrate ◽

New Bone Formation ◽

Defect Model ◽

Beta Tricalcium Phosphate ◽

Bone Graft Extender

Beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and hydroxyapatite (HA) are widely used as bone graft extenders due to their osteoconductivity and high bioactivity. This study aims to evaluate the possibility of using porous substrate with composite ceramics (β-TCP: HA = 60% : 40%, 60TCP40HA) as a bone graft extender and comparing it with Bio-Oss. Interconnectivity and macroporosity ofβ-TCP porous substrate were 99.9% and 83%, respectively, and the macro-porosity of packed granule after crushing was 69%. Calvarial defect model with 8 mm diameter was generated with male Sprague-Dawley rats and 60TCP40HA was implanted. Bio-Oss was implanted for a control group and micro-CT and histology were performed at 4 and 8 weeks after implantation. The 60TCP40HA group showed better new bone formation than the Bio-Oss group and the bone formation at central area of bone defect was increased at 8 weeks in micro-CT and histology. The percent bone volume and trabecular number of the 60TCP40HA group were significantly higher than those of Bio-Oss group. This study confirms the usefulness of the porous 60TCP40HA composite as a bone graft extender by showing increased new bone formation in the calvarial defect model and improved bone formation both quantitatively and qualitatively when compared to Bio-Oss.

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