Round-Hole-Fiber Distribution in Hydrophilidae Cuticle and Biomimetic Research

2005 ◽  
Vol 288-289 ◽  
pp. 433-436
Author(s):  
Bin Chen ◽  
Xiang He Peng ◽  
Jing Hong Fan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Ultimate Strength ◽  
Composite Laminate ◽  
Insect Cuticle ◽  
Round Hole ◽  
Fiber Distribution ◽  
Protein Matrix ◽  
Sem Observation

Insect cuticle possesses excellent mechanical properties, such as strength, stiffness and fracture toughness, which are closely related to its elaborate microstructures optimized through centuries’ evolution. SEM observation on Hydrophilidae cuticle shows a kind of biocomposite consisting of chitin-fiber plies and protein matrix, and the chitin-fiber plies are composed of several special arrangements. The observation also shows that there are many holes in the cuticle and the fibers passing along the brims of the holes round the holes continuously. Making use of such microstructure, a kind of biomimetic composite laminate with round-hole-fiber distribution is fabricated with preformed-hole method. The ultimate strength of the composite laminate is investigated and compared with that of the composite laminate with a hole drilled. It shows that the ultimate strength of the former is distinctly higher than that of the latter.

Fiber-Complected and Reeled Microstructure of Insect Cuticle and Biomimetic Fabrication

2010 ◽  
Vol 447-448 ◽  
pp. 639-642
Author(s):  
Bin Chen ◽  
Quan Yuan ◽  
Ji Luo
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Ultimate Strength ◽  
Composite Laminate ◽  
Insect Cuticle ◽  
Protein Matrix ◽  
Sem Observation ◽  
Drilling Hole ◽  
Conventional Drilling ◽  
Scanning Electron

A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used for the observation of the microstructures of a chafer cuticle. It showed that the cuticle is a kind of biocomposite consisting of complected chitin-fiber plies and sclerous protein matrix. The observation also showed that there are many holes in the cuticle and the complected fibers continuously reel these holes forming a kind of fiber-complected and reeled microstructure. Based on the SEM observation, a kind of biomimetic composite laminate with complected and reeled structure was fabricated with a special mould and process. The ultimate strength of the obtained biomimetic composite laminate was experimentally investigated and compared with that of the conventional drilling-hole composite laminate. It showed that the ultimate strength of the biomimetic composite laminate is markedly larger than that of the drilling-hole composite laminate.

Fabrication of Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Boron Carbide Composite by Hot-Pressing Following Extrusion Molding

2014 ◽  
Vol 616 ◽  
pp. 27-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomohiro Kobayashi ◽  
Katsumi Yoshida ◽  
Toyohiko Yano
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Boron Carbide ◽  
Vickers Hardness ◽  
Hot Pressing ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Extrusion Direction ◽  
Sem Observation

The CNT/B4C composite with Al2O3 additive was fabricated by hot-pressing following extrusion molding of a CNT/B4C paste, and mechanical properties of the obtained composite were investigated. Many CNTs in the composite aligned along the extrusion direction from SEM observation. 3-points bending strength of the composite was slightly lower than that of the monolithic B4C. Elastic modulus and Vickers hardness of the composite drastically decreased with CNT addition. Fracture toughness of the composite was higher than that of the monolithic B4C.

Microstructures of the Fiber-Round Hole of the Chafer Cuticle

2009 ◽  
Vol 79-82 ◽  
pp. 199-202
Author(s):  
Xin Yan Wu ◽  
Fu Ling Guan ◽  
Bin Chen ◽  
You Wei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stress Concentration ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composites ◽  
Round Hole ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Protein Matrix ◽  
Design And Development

In this paper, microstructure and mechanical properties of the chafer cuticle were investigated. The microstructures of the chafer cuticle were first observed with a SEM. It showed that the cuticle is a kind of chitin-fiber-reinforced biocomposite with protein matrix. There are some holes existing in the chafer cuticle and the fibers around hole are continuous. Based on the observed results of the SEM, the analyses of 3D models on the simple composite elements with fiber-round hole were conducted. The result showed the microstructures of composite laminates with fiber-round holes can decrease the stress concentration and well transfer the stress. So it can improve the strength and toughness of the composite laminates included holes. These conclusions may present a bio-inspired approach for design and development of advanced man-made fiber-reinforced composites.

Helicoidal-Rounded-Hole Microstructure of Mature Shankbone

2011 ◽  
Vol 460-461 ◽  
pp. 652-655
Author(s):  
Bin Chen ◽  
Ji Luo ◽  
Quan Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Protein Matrix ◽  
Pullout Force ◽  
Sem Observation ◽  
Collagen Protein ◽  
Scanning Electron

Scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation on a mature shankbone shows that the bone is a kind of bioceramic composite consisting of hydroxyapatite sheets and collagen protein matrix. The observation also shows that there are many holes in the bone and that the hydroxyapatite sheets near by these holes helicoidally round these holes forming a kind of helicoidally-rounded-hole microstructure (HRHM). The maximum pullout force of the HRHM is investigated and compared with that of non-helicoidally-rounded-hole microstructure (NHRHM). It shows that the HRHM could markedly increase the maximum pullout force of the hydroxyapatite sheets compared to the NHRHM and therefore enhance the fracture toughness of the bone.

scholarly journals Round-Hole-Fiber Distribution in Insect Cuticle and Biomimetic Research

2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 1128-1132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin CHEN ◽  
Xianghe PENG ◽  
Jinghong FAN
Keyword(s):  
Insect Cuticle ◽  
Round Hole ◽  
Fiber Distribution

Research on the Parallel Arrangement of Aragonite Sheets in Clam's Shell

2005 ◽  
Vol 288-289 ◽  
pp. 673-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Chen ◽  
Xiang He Peng ◽  
Jing Hong Fan
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Ceramic Composite ◽  
Energy Analysis ◽  
Protein Matrix ◽  
Clam Shell ◽  
Sem Observation ◽  
Molluscan Shell ◽  
Parallel Arrangement ◽  
Representative Model ◽  
Layered Ceramic

Molluscan shell is a typical biocomposite in nature. It possesses excellent strength, stiffness and fracture toughness, which are closely related to its exquisite microstructure. SEM observation on clam’ shell shows that the shell is a kind of layered ceramic composite consisting of aragonite sheets and protein matrix. The aragonite sheets have long and thin shape and are arranged in a parallel manner. The higher fracture toughness of the shell is analyzed based on its representative model and the concept of maximal pullout energy. Analysis shows that the long and thin shape as well as the parallel arrangement of these sheets will substantially improve the maximal pullout energy of the sheets and the fracture toughness of the shell.

Preliminary Characterization of Resilin Isolated from the Cockroach, Periplaneta Americana

1992 ◽  
Vol 292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Craig Lombardi ◽  
David L. Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Analysis ◽  
Periplaneta Americana ◽  
Insect Cuticle ◽  
Oligonucleotide Probes ◽  
Protein Matrix ◽  
Tryptic Fragment ◽  
Good Agreement

AbstractWe would like to mimic the mechanical properties of animal systems for the development of novel materials. Insect cuticle serves as one source of inspiration for the design of these materials. Cuticle is composed of chitin embedded in a protein matrix which may also contain plasticizers, fillers, crosslinkers, and minerals. The specific properties of the cuticle depend on the type, amount and interactions between each component. We are renewing the investigation of the elastic cuticle, resilin. Resilin, a protein-based elastomer first described in the early 1960s, has properties which have been reported to be most like those of ideal rubbers. We have examined resilin isolated from the prealar arms of the cockroach, Periplaneta americana. The results of amino acid analysis are in good agreement with earlier data reported for resilin. A series of tryptic fragments have been isolated and sequenced. These peptides have been used for the design of oligonucleotide probes for the identification of the gene(s) from a teneral cockroach cDNA library. A biopolymer, based on one tryptic fragment, has been designed and synthesized. We are continuing to treat resilin with residue specific proteases in order to map the resilin protein.

RESEARCH ON THE NANOMETER DENDRITIC FIBERS IN DORBEETLE CUTICLE

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (01n03) ◽  
pp. 573-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
BIN CHEN ◽  
XIANG-HE PENG ◽  
JING-HONG FAN ◽  
WAN-LU WANG
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Protein Matrix ◽  
Pullout Force ◽  
Sem Observation ◽  
Representative Model

The SEM observation on the cuticle of dorbeetle shows that the cuticle is composed of chitin fibers and protein matrix. The diameter of chitin fibers is from several to several-hundred nanometers. The observation also shows that there is a kind of dendritic fiber in the cuticle. The maximum pullout force of the dendritic fiber is analyzed based on its representative model. The analysis shows that the dendritic fibers can markedly increase the pullout force of the fibers and improve the fracture toughness of the cuticle.

Research on the Hybrid Fiber-Reinforced Microstructure of Chafer Cuticle

2006 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 135-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Chen ◽  
Xiang He Peng ◽  
C. Cai ◽  
Q. Dong
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Fracture Strength ◽  
Fiber Diameter ◽  
Insect Cuticle ◽  
Hybrid Fiber ◽  
Protein Matrix ◽  
Shape Property ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this paper, the microstructure of chafer cuticle is observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The observation shows that the insect cuticle is a kind of biocomposite with hybrid structural characteristic of various chitin fibers embedded in protein matrix. The reinforced chitin fibers vary in size, shape, property and distribution, which are related to their location in the cuticle. Near the surface of the cuticle, the chitin fibers are smaller, stiffer, more circular, and the orientations of the chitin-fiber plies are various. A kind of helicoidal layup is found. The dependence of fracture strength on the fiber diameter and the dependence of fracture toughness on the parameters related to helicoidal layup are experimentally investigated. It shows that the smaller fiber and the helicoidal layup endow the surface of the cuticle with higher fracture strength and toughness.

Microstructural and fractographic characterization of B4C-Al cermets tested under dynamic and static loading

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 562-563
Author(s):  
Gyeung Ho Kim ◽  
Mehmet Sarikaya ◽  
D. L. Milius ◽  
I. A. Aksay
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Static Loading ◽  
Carbon Deposition ◽  
Full Density ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
Strong Component ◽  
Reaction Products

Cermets are designed to optimize the mechanical properties of ceramics (hard and strong component) and metals (ductile and tough component) into one system. However, the processing of such systems is a problem in obtaining fully dense composite without deleterious reaction products. In the lightweight (2.65 g/cc) B4C-Al cermet, many of the processing problems have been circumvented. It is now possible to process fully dense B4C-Al cermet with tailored microstructures and achieve unique combination of mechanical properties (fracture strength of over 600 MPa and fracture toughness of 12 MPa-m1/2). In this paper, microstructure and fractography of B4C-Al cermets, tested under dynamic and static loading conditions, are described.The cermet is prepared by infiltration of Al at 1150°C into partially sintered B4C compact under vacuum to full density. Fracture surface replicas were prepared by using cellulose acetate and thin-film carbon deposition. Samples were observed with a Philips 3000 at 100 kV.

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