Ultrasonic Surface Mechanical Attrition of Commercially Pure Ti to Induce Nanocrystalline Surface Layer

2010 ◽  
Vol 442 ◽  
pp. 152-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mansoor ◽  
J. Lu
Keyword(s):  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Nanocrystalline Structure ◽  
Surface Mechanical Attrition Treatment ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Annealed Condition ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Commercially Pure ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Mechanical Attrition ◽  
Xrd And Tem

In the domain of incremental nanotechnology, surface mechanical attrition treatment is a technique which can transform superficial structure of a material to nanocrystalline without changing the chemical composition. This study is a part of the development and implementation of the technique by using ultrasonic vibrations. The material used is pure titanium in rolled and annealed condition. The nanocrystalline structure is characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The measured grain size is in the order of 5~60 nm. A correlation in the results of XRD and TEM is also discussed.

Thermal Stability of Nanocrystalline Ti6Al4V Produced by Surface Mechanical Attrition Treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 898 ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Quan Tong Yao ◽  
Meng Nan Xing ◽  
Guang Lan Zhang ◽  
Wei Ping Tong
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Surface Mechanical Attrition Treatment ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Mechanical Attrition ◽  
Nanocrystalline Layer ◽  
Thermal Stability Of ◽  
Scanning Electron

A pollution-free nanocrystalline layer was prepared on the surface of Ti6Al4V by surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT). The nanocrystalline samples were vacuum annealed at various temperatures and for different periods of time. The microstructure and thermal stability were characterized by X-ray (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and, transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed that the nanocrystalline Ti6Al4V presented a satisfactory thermal stability with the annealed temperature below 650°C. The critical growth temperature for nanocrystalline Ti6Al4V is 100°C higher than that for pure titanium.

Mechanism of Achieving Nanocrystalline AIRu By Ball Milling

1988 ◽  
Vol 132 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Hellstern ◽  
H. J. Fecht ◽  
C. Garland ◽  
W. L. Johnson ◽  
W. M. Keck
Keyword(s):  
Ball Milling ◽  
Crystal Size ◽  
Shear Bands ◽  
Nanocrystalline Structure ◽  
High Energy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Energy Ball ◽  
Small Grains

ABSTRACTWe investigated through X- ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy the crystal refinement of the intermetallic compound AIRu by high- energy ball milling. The deformation process causes a decrease of crystal size to 5–7 rum and an increase of atomic level strain. This deformation is localized in shear bands with a thickness of 0.5 to 1 micron. Within these bands the crystal lattice breaks into small grains with a typical size of 8–14 rum. Further deformation leads to a final nanocrystalline structure with randomly oriented crystallite grains separated by high- angle grain boundaries.

Investigation of Defects in Hydrogen-Saturated Titanium by Means of Positron Annihilation Techniques

2015 ◽  
Vol 365 ◽  
pp. 232-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman S. Laptev ◽  
Andrey M. Lider ◽  
Yuriy S. Bordulev ◽  
Viktor N. Kudiiarov ◽  
Georgy V. Garanin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Defect Structure ◽  
Positron Lifetime ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Doppler Broadening ◽  
Commercially Pure Titanium ◽  
Structure Investigation ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Commercially Pure ◽  
Different Dimensions

This paper presents the results of a defect structure investigation in commercially pure titanium alloy after hydrogen charging in a gaseous atmosphere at the temperature of 873 K up to the concentration of 5.1 at. %. Structure of samples was studied by positron lifetime, Doppler broadening and X-ray diffraction spectrometry. Several processes, corresponding to the different ranges of hydrogen concentrations were revealed. It was shown that hydrogen, penetrating in the material, expands its crystal lattice, initiates formation of vacancy-like defects of different dimensions and reacts with the last ones, forming the defect-hydrogen complexes.

scholarly journals Microwave-Assisted Preparation of Biodegradable Water Absorbent Polyacrylonitrile/Montmorillonite Clay Nanocomposite

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prafulla K. Sahoo ◽  
Trinath Biswal ◽  
Ramakanta Samal
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Persulfate ◽  
Microwave Oven ◽  
Polymerization Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Mmt Clay ◽  
Xrd And Tem

Polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/Montmorillonite (MMT) clay nanocomposite was prepared in a microwave oven using a transition metal Co(III) complex taking ammonium persulfate (APS) as initiator with a motive of converting hydrophobic PAN into hydrophilic nanocomposite material via nanotechnology by the inclusion of MMT to the virgin polymer. UV-visible spectral analysis revealed various interactions between the developed complex with other reaction components. The formation of the PAN/MMT nanocomposites was characterized by FTIR. Furthermore, as evidenced by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the composite so obtained was found to have nano-order. XRD and TEM were suggesting that montmorillonite layers were exfoliated during the polymerization process. An increasing in the thermal stability for the developed nanocomposite was recorded by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The water absorption and biodegradation properties were carried out for its ecofriendly nature and better commercialization.

Preparation of Spheric and Hollow TiO2 Electrophoretic Nanoparticles

2011 ◽  
Vol 284-286 ◽  
pp. 966-969
Author(s):  
Ting Feng Tan ◽  
Peng Qi ◽  
Xiang Gao Li ◽  
Shi Rong Wang ◽  
Shang Gang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Wet Chemistry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Zeta Potentials ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Electrophoretic Property ◽  
Polymer Latex ◽  
Xrd And Tem

The inorganic electrophoretic particles easily sedimentate and are not preferably dispersed in medium because their density is relatively big. Spheric and hollow TiOB2Bparticles were prepared against the core-shell polymer latex particles via a simple wet-chemistry route, using Ti(OBu)B4Bas a precursor. The particles¢ morphology was observed by atom force microscopy (AFM) images, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The products were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and TEM. TEM showed spheric and hollow particles with a diameter around 290 nm. The density (in the atmospheric pressure, 20°C) of TiOB2Bwas 2.21 g∙mLP-1P. Results showed that hollow framework could reduce the density of particles. The Zeta potentials were determined by micro-electrophoresis apparatus. TiOB2Bparticles had good electrophoretic property, and the Zeta potential was 5.25 mV.

Disordering and amorphization of L12-type alloys by mechanical attrition

1992 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 2971-2977 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Benameur ◽  
A.R. Yavari
Keyword(s):  
Milling Time ◽  
Nanocrystalline Structure ◽  
Al Alloys ◽  
Heat Of Mixing ◽  
Lattice Stability ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mechanical Attrition ◽  
Pt Alloy ◽  
Diffraction Patterns

X-ray diffraction patterns obtained during the grinding of Ni3Ge and Ni3Al alloys which at equilibrium exhibit the L12 ordered fcc structures show the emergence of a nanocrystalline structure and transformation to the disordered fcc form but little amorphization. Furthermore, the non-L12 Al2Pt alloy which also has a more strongly negative heat of mixing is easier to amorphize than the Ni3Ge and Ni3Al with L12 superstructure. This is in contrast to the Zr3Al compound (also L12-type) for which a short milling time is sufficient for obtaining complete amorphization. Variations in the aptitudes toward amorphization of the three L12-type alloys under ball-milling conditions are attributed in part to the differences in the lattice stability terms of their disordered fcc phases.

Preparation of Nanostructured Al-4.5wt%Mg Powder via Mechanical Alloying Process

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Shokuhfar ◽  
Omid Ozhdelnia ◽  
Ali Mostaed ◽  
Ehsan Mostaed
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Alloying ◽  
Crystallite Size ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Milled Powder ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Ma Process ◽  
Xrd And Tem

In this work, the preparation of nanostructured Al-4.5wt%Mg powder through the mechanical alloying (MA) process was evaluated. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique was used to calculate the crystallite size and microstrain. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used not only to study the morphology of the powders but also to show the fact that the Mg powders were distributed during the MA process. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was also used to demonstrate whether the produced powders are nanostructured or not. XRD results showed that microstrain and crystallite size of milled powder (after 10 h milling at the ball-to-powder weight ratio (BPR) of 20:1) were ≈-0.34% and ≈20nm respectively. XRD and TEM results showed that Al12Mg17has been formed during MA process. This means that during this process, mutual diffusion of Al and Mg has occurred.

Research on Micro-Structure of Electroless Ni-B Coatings

2012 ◽  
Vol 602-604 ◽  
pp. 1641-1645
Author(s):  
Jian Xin Pan ◽  
Ru Jun Chen ◽  
Cui Lan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Nanocrystalline Structure ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Alloy Coating ◽  
Amorphous Structure ◽  
Micro Structure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Potassium Borohydride ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Electroless Ni ◽  
Xrd And Tem

By means of X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM), the micro-structure of 5 different Ni–B alloy coatings prepared by electroless plating with Potassium borohydride content ranging from 0.2 to approximately 1.4g/L was studied The influence of the KBH4 content in the coatings on their micro-structure was also investigated. It has been found that Ni–B alloy coatings showed amorphous sytuctue with XRD while with TEM it showed a combination of amorphous and nanocrystalline structure. It was further revealed that the amorphous structure increased with increasing KBH4 content, which means that Ni-B alloy coating prepared with increasing KBH4 content undergoes a transition process as follows: nanocrystalline → crystalline → amorphous structure. Results indicated that the micro-structure of Ni-B alloy coatings should be studied by both methods of XRD and TEM.

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