Capacity Planning for Cluster Tools of Wafer Fabrication Plant

2010 ◽  
Vol 450 ◽  
pp. 365-368
Author(s):  
James C. Chen ◽  
Chia Wen Chen ◽  
Kou Huang Chen ◽  
Chien Hsin Lin
Keyword(s):  
Capacity Planning ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Wafer Fabrication ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Output Rate ◽  
Cluster Tools ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Capital Intensive

Wafer fabrication is a capital intensive industry. A 12-inch wafer fabrication plant needs a typical investment of US$ 3 billion, and the equipment cost constitutes about two-thirds to three-quarters of the total production costs. Therefore, capacity planning is crucial to the investment and performance of wafer fabrication plants. Several formulae are presented to calculate the required number of machines with sequential, parallel, and batch processing characteristics, respectively. An AutoSched AP simulation model using data from real foundry fabrication plants is used in a case study to evaluate the performance of the proposed formulae. Simulation results indicate that the proposed formulae can quickly and accurately calculate the required number of cluster tools leading to the required monthly output rate.

Applying Discrete Event Simulation (DES) in Healthcare

2015 ◽  
pp. 390-410
Author(s):  
Stavros T. Ponis ◽  
Angelos Delis ◽  
Sotiris P. Gayialis ◽  
Panagiotis Kasimatis ◽  
Joseph Tan
Keyword(s):  
Discrete Event Simulation ◽  
Capacity Planning ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Discrete Event ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Performance Improvements ◽  
Event Simulation ◽  
Health Insurance Provider ◽  
And Performance

This paper highlights the opportunities and challenges of applying Discrete Event Simulation (DES) to support capacity planning of a network of outpatient facilities. Despite an abundance of studies using simulation techniques to examine the operation and performance of outpatient clinics, the problem of capacity allocation and planning of medical services within a network of outpatient healthcare facilities appears to be underexplored. Here, a case study of a health insurance provider that operates a network of six outpatient medical facilities in the US is used to illustrate and explore the synthesizing and adaptive, yet parsimonious nature of using DES methodology for network design and capacity planning. Results of this case study demonstrate that significant performance improvements for the network operator can be achieved with applying DES method to support the network facility capacity planning process.

A case study on farm labour substitution in South Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-134
Author(s):  
Jannie Rossouw
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Full Cost ◽  
Intensive Production ◽  
Production Techniques ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Capital Intensive

This paper reports a case study on labour substitution by a small-scale farmer on his farm in the Western Cape Province of South Africa that has been owned by descendants of the same family since the early 1800s. Production techniques used on the farm have moved from labour-intensive to capital-intensive. The first step towards mechanisation was taken early in 1988, when some of the farm workers did not return after their annual holidays and before the harvesting season. One of the decisive reasons for the change in production techniques was a labour strike during the harvesting season in 2000.An analysis of gross income and production costs in 2012/13, based on capitalintensive production, compared to assumed costs if the labour-intensive production techniques of 1984/85 had been retained, shows an annual saving of R95 101 (19,5%) in comparative production costs. Moreover, capital-intensive production protects the farm against the danger of strikes and therefore reduces production risks considerably. This research raises questions about (i) the morality of capital-intensive production; (ii) the full cost of labour, compared to the full cost of capital, when the risks of unreliable labour and of labour strikes are taken into consideration; and (iii) the risk of land expropriation.

scholarly journals Cost Analysis of Furniture Production: A Case Study at Mebel Barokah 3, Marga Agung Village, Lampung Selatan

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Naili Rahmah ◽  
Hari Kaskoyo ◽  
Sumaryo Gito Saputro ◽  
Wahyu Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
Production Costs ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Fixed Costs ◽  
Total Revenue ◽  
Business Sustainability ◽  
One Year ◽  
Production Period ◽  
Financial Losses

Analysis of production costs and revenues is important to reduce the risk of financial losses and increase company profits. The results of this analysis can be used as a reference in determining policies that can determine the direction of company development. However, many small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have not done a cost and revenue analysis, which can affect the company's sustainability in the future. The objective of this study was to analyze the total production costs and revenues of an SME in a one-year production period (August 2018 – July 2019). The study was conducted by calculating fixed costs and variable costs at Mebel Barokah 3, an SME that produces furniture based on orders. The total revenue, revenue-cost ratio (R/C), and the break even pont (BEP) were also calculated. The results showed that the total production cost was IDR 455.855.730/year and the total revenue was IDR 89.794.270/year. The value R/C reached 1,19 and the value of BEP reached IDR 211.644.908/year. The values indicated that this business was economically profitable and reached BEP at the sales of IDR 211.644.908/year. The company should consider the costs incurred, improve work efficiency, and expand the market to achieve business sustainability in the future.Keywords: furniture, income, production costs, revenue, small and medium-sized enterprise

HRM Practices in Human Capital-Intensive Firms

2018 ◽  
pp. 30-52
Author(s):  
Sabrina Loufrani-Fedida
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hrm Practices ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The One ◽  
Capital Intensive

This chapter focuses on examining the human resource management (HRM) practices that are used in human capital-intensive firms (HCIFs). In the specialized literature on HCIFs, human resources (HR) are recognized as constituting an infinite value potential. Nevertheless, we know little in the literature about “how to manage” these HR in the specific context of HCIFs. First of all, in this chapter, a literature review provides a clarification of the HR's key concepts (human capital, competence, and talent) on the one hand and introduces the relevance to study HRM practices underlying human capital management on the other hand. Then, based on the case study of IBM Corporation, a synthesis of the wide variety of HRM practices is proposed into three processes: identifying, assessing and developing, and finally, motivating and retaining human capital. The IBM case is representative of the HCIFs insofar as the company puts its human capital at the heart of its overall strategy and, in order to do this, provides a sophisticated HRM policy and, in addition, has implemented formalized HRM practices. For IBM, the aim is to improve resource assets of its employees necessary to generate innovation, value, and performance.

scholarly journals Overhead Allocations In Highly Automated Production Processes

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Ralph B. Fritzsch ◽  
Walter J. Berend
Keyword(s):  
Production Costs ◽  
Central Issue ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Product Cost ◽  
Automated Production ◽  
Current Process ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Capital Intensive

The capital intensive nature of automated production processes has increased the proportion of total production costs which are classified as overhead. The increasing importance of overhead costs makes their treatment a central issue in the determination of product cost. This article examines current methods of changing overhead costs to product and suggests possible improvements in the current process.

scholarly journals Financial Feasibility Study of Hydroponic Vegetables Business (A Case Study on Serua Farm, Kota Depok)

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-112
Author(s):  
Farida Nursahib, Et al.
Keyword(s):  
Production Cost ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Limited Area ◽  
Business Owner ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Financial Feasibility ◽  
Business Efficiency ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Break Even Point

Hydroponic, an agricultural cultivation technology, enabling farmers to plant more plants in a limited area. Therefore, it can be used to increase production, then gaining more profit. This study aimed to analyse production costs, incomes, break-even point , business efficiency, and financial feasibility of a hydroponic vegetable business. The method used in this study is direct interviews with the business owner, the head of the garden, the person in charge of the greenhouse and production and the person in charge of seeding. Serua Farm produces red spinach, green spinach, gai lan, and bok choy. The results show that the total production cost was Rp319,420,734 per hectare. Its profit was Rp. 688,579,266 or 68,31% from gross incomes. R/C  was 3.16 meant that the business efficiency was good. B/C  was 2.16 meant that the business is profitable and financially feasible. NPV was Rp552,162,558 and IRR 107,5%. PP value is five months six days.

HRM Practices in Human Capital-Intensive Firms

2022 ◽  
pp. 921-938
Author(s):  
Sabrina Loufrani-Fedida
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hrm Practices ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The One ◽  
Capital Intensive

This chapter focuses on examining the human resource management (HRM) practices that are used in human capital-intensive firms (HCIFs). In the specialized literature on HCIFs, human resources (HR) are recognized as constituting an infinite value potential. Nevertheless, we know little in the literature about “how to manage” these HR in the specific context of HCIFs. First of all, in this chapter, a literature review provides a clarification of the HR's key concepts (human capital, competence, and talent) on the one hand and introduces the relevance to study HRM practices underlying human capital management on the other hand. Then, based on the case study of IBM Corporation, a synthesis of the wide variety of HRM practices is proposed into three processes: identifying, assessing and developing, and finally, motivating and retaining human capital. The IBM case is representative of the HCIFs insofar as the company puts its human capital at the heart of its overall strategy and, in order to do this, provides a sophisticated HRM policy and, in addition, has implemented formalized HRM practices. For IBM, the aim is to improve resource assets of its employees necessary to generate innovation, value, and performance.

Soybean crop profitability: biodynamic vs conventional farming in a 7-yr case study in Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 336-341
Author(s):  
Eliane Araujo Robusti ◽  
Vagner Antonio Mazeto ◽  
Maurício Ursi Ventura ◽  
Dimas Soares Júnior ◽  
Ayres de Oliveira Menezes
Keyword(s):  
Production Costs ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Financial Indicators ◽  
Conventional Farming ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Biodynamic Agriculture ◽  
Farming Efficiency

AbstractOrganic/biodynamic agriculture has been reported worldwide as a suitable system to conserve or even regenerate natural resources. Due to the lack of long-term studies regarding the profitability of tropical organic vs conventional farming, the economic performance of biodynamic vs conventional soybean was studied using data from a consecutive 7-yr case study in a farm with 48.4 ha of biodynamic soybeans in Paraná State, Brazil. Analyses of production costs and financial indicators were adjusted at updated values according to inflation in the period. Effective operational costs were 4.4% higher in biodynamic than in conventional farming. The biodynamic yields were lower (3.6%) than those of conventional. Prices were 57% higher in biodynamic than in conventional, making biodynamic farming more profitable than conventional farming, as shown by financial indicators (gross revenue, gross margin, net margin, net income and capital income were 50.7, 99.9, 122.9, 150.4 and 166.9%, respectively, higher in biodynamic than in conventional). The price equilibrium point (PEP) was 3.4% higher for biodynamic farming; the leveling point was 36.9% higher for conventional farming. Manual weeding and plowing increased organic costs. Higher biodynamic trading prices than those of conventional triggered a PEP suitable for covering higher costs and thus boosting profitability. Further investigations and policies are suggested to further improve biodynamic farming efficiency and sustainability.

A case study of global ULF pulsations using data from space-borne and ground-based magnetometers and a SuperDARN radar

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 54-67
Author(s):  
A.S. Potapov ◽  
◽  
E. Amata ◽  
T.N. Polyushkina ◽  
I. Coco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Using Data
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