Observation of Transformation Behavior of Octacalcium Phosphate to Hydroxyapatite

2012 ◽  
Vol 529-530 ◽  
pp. 11-14
Author(s):  
Natsuko Ito ◽  
Masanobu Kamitakahara ◽  
Koji Ioku
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Heterogeneous Nucleation ◽  
Temporal Change ◽  
Octacalcium Phosphate ◽  
The Body ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Transformation Behavior ◽  
Transformation Mechanism ◽  
Human Bones ◽  
Apatitic Phase

Octacalcium phosphate (OCP) is regarded as a precursor of hydroxyapatite (HA) which is a main inorganic comstituent of human bones and teeth. OCP is becoming regarded as an important biomaterial. Recently, implanted OCP was found to be converted to apatitic phase in the body and support bone regeneration. Therefore, it is important to reveal the transformation mechanism of OCP to HA for revealing the mechanism of bone formation and for the development of biomedical materials for bone. In this study, we focused on the dissolution of OCP and precipitation of HA. OCP particles were immersed in distilled water at 60 °C. The temporal change of the immersed powders and immersing solution were examined, and the transformation mechanism of OCP to HA was discussed. As there was an unreactive period in the first stage of the transformation, HA crystals seemed to grow easily once HA nuclei were formed. It is speculated that HA nuclei formed on OCP crystals by heterogeneous nucleation, and then HA crystals grow using calcium and phosphoric ions supplied from dissolved OCP.

scholarly journals Section II.—The Principle and Construction of the Closed Hydrometer

1912 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-44
Author(s):  
J. Y. Buchanan
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
The Body ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Internal Load ◽  
Vertical Pressure ◽  
Standard Temperature

The instrument being closed, its true weight is constant.Let it be assumed that our experiments are actually made in vacuo, at the sea-level in lat. 45°. In these conditions the standard gram exerts a vertical pressure of 1 gram (true).We weigh the hydrometer and find its weight to be W grams. We now float it in distilled water contained in a suitable cylinder. In the construction of the hydrometer the internal load has been so adjusted that, when immersed in distilled water of the standard temperature T, which is to remain unaltered during the whole of the experiments, the surface of the water shall cut the stem in some line C, near its junction with the body of the instrument. Then the weight of the water displaced by the hydrometer is exactly W grams.

scholarly journals Evaluation of New Octacalcium Phosphate-Coated Xenograft in Rats Calvarial Defect Model on Bone Regeneration

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 4391
Author(s):  
Yoona Jung ◽  
Won-Hyeon Kim ◽  
Sung-Ho Lee ◽  
Kyung Won Ju ◽  
Eun-Hee Jang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Graft ◽  
Octacalcium Phosphate ◽  
Autogenous Bone ◽  
Graft Material ◽  
Calvarial Defect ◽  
Bone Area ◽  
Defect Model ◽  
Bone Graft Material ◽  
Experimental Group

Bone graft material is essential for satisfactory and sufficient bone growth which leads to a successful implant procedure. It is classified into autogenous bone, allobone, xenobone and alloplastic materials. Among them, it has been reported that heterogeneous bone graft material has a porous microstructure that increases blood vessels and bone formation, and shows faster bone formation than other types of bone graft materials. We observed new bone tissue formation and bone remodeling using Ti-oss® (Chiyewon Co., Ltd., Guri, Korea), a heterologous bone graft material. Using a Sprague–Dawley rat calvarial defect model to evaluate the bone healing effect of biomaterials, the efficacy of the newly developed xenograft Ti-oss® and Bio-Oss® (Geistilch Pharma AG, Wolhusen, Switzerland). The experimental animals were sacrificed at 8 and 12 weeks after surgery for each group and the experimental site was extracted. The average new bone area for the Ti-oss® experimental group at 8 weeks was 17.6%. The remaining graft material was 22.7% for the experimental group. The average new bone area for the Ti-oss® group was 24.3% at 12 weeks. The remaining graft material was 22.8% for the experimental group. It can be evaluated that the new bone-forming ability of Ti-oss® with octacalcium phosphate (OCP) has the bone-forming ability corresponding to the conventional products.

Alginate/octacalcium phosphate composites enhance bone formation in critical-sized mouse calvaria defects

2010 ◽  
pp. 308-310
Author(s):  
Takeshi Fuji ◽  
Takahisa Anada ◽  
Yoshitomo Honda ◽  
Yukari Shiwaku ◽  
Keiichi Sasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Octacalcium Phosphate ◽  
Mouse Calvaria ◽  
Enhance Bone Formation

scholarly journals EFFECT OF POTASH ADMINISTRATION ON THE BODY WEIGHT OF PREGNANT WISTAR RATS

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
VIDONA WB ◽  
ADUEMA WADIONI ◽  
AKUNNEH-WARISO C ◽  
AMAH AK
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Pregnant Animal ◽  
Group A ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Different Doses

Objective: Potash known as potassium carbonate (K2CO3) is a mixture of salt with other components, including impurities which coexist in mineral and salt is highly consumed in various forms by pregnant women. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of potash on the weight index of pregnant Wistar rats. Methods: A total of 25 albino Wistar rat with weights ranging from 180 to 300 g were used and allocated into five groups of five animals each (four females and one male) designated as Groups A, B, C, D, and E. The experimental Groups B, C, D, and E were administered through oral route different doses of potash of 300 mg/kg, 600 mg/kg, 900 mg/kg, and 1200 mg/kg, respectively, after pregnancy was detected by checking for mucus plug in the vagina. Group A served as the control group and was administered distilled water only. The animals were allowed for 1 week for acclimatization under normal temperature (270–300°C), which they were being fed with normal feed (grower’s mash) and water ad libitum for 1 week. Results: The result showed a significant (p˂0.05) reduction in weight with the highest level seen with the 1200 mg/kg group when compared to the control. Conclusion: Therefore, the effect of potash alters the physical activity and decreases weight, by implication may induce growth retardation of the Wistar rats which is not healthy for a pregnant animal.

Bioactivity and effect of bone formation for octacalcium phosphate ceramics

2020 ◽  
pp. 85-119
Author(s):  
Vladimir S. Komlev ◽  
Ilya I. Bozo ◽  
Roman V. Deev ◽  
Alex N. Gurin
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Octacalcium Phosphate

scholarly journals Hydroxyapatite Formation from Octacalcium Phosphate and Its Related Compounds: A Discussion of the Transformation Mechanism

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (5) ◽  
pp. 701-707
Author(s):  
Taishi Yokoi ◽  
Tomoyo Goto ◽  
Takeharu Kato ◽  
Seiji Takahashi ◽  
Jin Nakamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Octacalcium Phosphate ◽  
Transformation Mechanism ◽  
Related Compounds ◽  
Hydroxyapatite Formation

Evaluation in cats of a new material for cranioplasty: a composite of plaster of Paris and hydroxylapatite

1988 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles E. Rawlings ◽  
Robert H. Wilkins ◽  
Jacob S. Hanker ◽  
Nicholas G. Georgiade ◽  
John M. Harrelson
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Frontal Sinus ◽  
Wound Dehiscence ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
The Body ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Plaster Of Paris ◽  
New Material ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The materials ordinarily used to reconstruct bone defects in the calvaria and facial bones either are difficult to shape, are partially resorbed by the body, or are likely to become infected if used near a contaminated area such as the frontal sinus. Calcium sulfate hemihydrate (plaster of Paris) has been known for years to have excellent reparative qualities in bone defects, but ordinarily it is quickly resorbed. Consequently, a new material, a composite of a dense form of plaster of Paris and hydroxylapatite, was devised to provide nonabsorbable hydroxylapatite particles for bone to form around and within during the phase of plaster absorption. Two types of this material were evaluated in cranial defects in cats. Each of the plaster of Paris/hydroxylapatite mixtures was placed into a surgically unroofed frontal sinus and into a contralateral parietal trephine hole in a group of 32 cats. Two cats in each group succumbed to anesthesia, leaving two sets of 30 cats. During the entire follow-up period there was only one other death, with no evidence of wound infection, wound dehiscence, implant rejection, or cerebral dysfunction among the survivors. The cats in each group were sacrificed at 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, or 12 months after operation. Following sacrifice, both the frontal and parietal defects were exposed and examined visually, histologically, and with histomorphometric analysis for new bone formation. New bone formation was present as early as 1 month after operation and continued to increase during the 12 months of the study. Based upon these osteogenic qualities, the ease of shaping the composite, and the lack of infection in the frontal sinus region, it is concluded that this substance could be a valuable new material for human cranioplasty.

F-Substituted Carbonate Apatite for Promoting Bone Formation

2006 ◽  
Vol 309-311 ◽  
pp. 141-144
Author(s):  
Yu Sogo ◽  
Daiki Yokoyama ◽  
Atsuo Ito ◽  
Atsushi Yamazaki ◽  
Racquel Z. LeGeros
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Sodium Acetate ◽  
Bone Substitutes ◽  
Normal Adult ◽  
Carbonate Apatite ◽  
Sodium Acetate Buffer ◽  
Type B ◽  
Human Bones ◽  
Adult Humans

Abstract. Fluoride (F-)-substituted type-B carbonate-containing hydroxyapatites (CHAPs) were prepared as bone substitutes with a F-releasing ability. The F- contents in the F-substituted CHAPs were 16-22 times larger than that in normal adult human bones. The carbonate contents in the F-substituted CHAPs corresponded to that in human bones. The F-substituted CHAPs released F- in an acetic acid – sodium acetate buffer at pH 4.9; within only 3 h, the F- concentration in the buffer increased to more than 63.9 µg L-1, which was 1.5~8.9 times higher than that in a body fluid of normal adult humans. Although the F- concentration rapidly decreased probably due to the precipitation of a certain phase containing F-, the F-substituted CHAPs exhibited the ability to increase the F- concentration in a body fluid by bone resorption. Therefore, it is expected that the F-substituted CHAPs will be feasible as a F-releasing material for promoting bone formation.

scholarly journals ID: 1058 Effective bone formation through BMP-2-immobilized highly porous GBR membrane

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (S) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Min Ji Kim ◽  
Jin Hyun Park ◽  
Ho Yong Kim ◽  
June Ho Byun ◽  
Jin Ho Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
The Body ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ◽  
Gbr Membrane

Sound healing of large bone defects is critical challenges in most of clinical fields. In general healing process of bone regeneration, the rapid infiltration of connective tissue, whereas relatively slow bone regeneration in bone defect leads to the incomplete bone formation. To solve this drawback, guide bone regeneration (GBR) membrane which could prevent rapid infiltration of connective tissue into bone defect, thus GBR membrane is feasible for compact bone regeneration in clinical fields. In recent, the most researchers believed that bioactive molecules-grafted GBR membranes may enhance the bone regeneration. To allow graft of bioactive molecules from porous membrane, chemically modified scaffolds are commonly used. This modification leads to sufficient interaction with active sites of bioactive molecules to stable the immobilization of bioactive molecules in the body. However it is hard to apply to clinical applications because of the toxicity of chemical residue used for the modification. In this study, we developed a GBR membrane with leaf-stacked structure which can allow sustained release of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) without any additional modification. The morphology, mechanical property, BMP-2 release profile, osteogenic differentiation of human periosteum-derived cells, and new bone formation efficiency of the BMP-2-loaded GBR membrane compared with commercial product were investigated.

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