scholarly journals EFFECT OF POTASH ADMINISTRATION ON THE BODY WEIGHT OF PREGNANT WISTAR RATS

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
VIDONA WB ◽  
ADUEMA WADIONI ◽  
AKUNNEH-WARISO C ◽  
AMAH AK
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Pregnant Animal ◽  
Group A ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Different Doses

Objective: Potash known as potassium carbonate (K2CO3) is a mixture of salt with other components, including impurities which coexist in mineral and salt is highly consumed in various forms by pregnant women. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of potash on the weight index of pregnant Wistar rats. Methods: A total of 25 albino Wistar rat with weights ranging from 180 to 300 g were used and allocated into five groups of five animals each (four females and one male) designated as Groups A, B, C, D, and E. The experimental Groups B, C, D, and E were administered through oral route different doses of potash of 300 mg/kg, 600 mg/kg, 900 mg/kg, and 1200 mg/kg, respectively, after pregnancy was detected by checking for mucus plug in the vagina. Group A served as the control group and was administered distilled water only. The animals were allowed for 1 week for acclimatization under normal temperature (270–300°C), which they were being fed with normal feed (grower’s mash) and water ad libitum for 1 week. Results: The result showed a significant (p˂0.05) reduction in weight with the highest level seen with the 1200 mg/kg group when compared to the control. Conclusion: Therefore, the effect of potash alters the physical activity and decreases weight, by implication may induce growth retardation of the Wistar rats which is not healthy for a pregnant animal.

scholarly journals Prolonged use of the food dye tartrazine (FD&C yellow n° 5) and its effects on the gastric mucosa of Wistar rats

2007 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
ILD. Moutinho ◽  
LC. Bertges ◽  
RVC. Assis
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Sulfanilic Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Food Dye ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Group A ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Different Doses

Tartrazine is one of the most widely used artificial foods, drugs and cosmetic dyes. It is a nitrous derivative and is known to cause allergic reactions such as asthma and urticaria, as well as having been the focus of studies on mutagenesis and carcinogenesis due to its transformation into aromatic amine sulfanilic acid after being metabolized by the gastrointestinal microflora. 45 male Wistar rats were assigned to a control group (A) or a treatment one (B). The treatment group received 7.5 mg.kg-1.day-1 of tartrazine daily in drinking water offered ad libitum for ten months from weaning to the age of twelve months. There was a significant increase in the number of lymphocytes and eosinophils of the gastric antrum mucosa. No carcinogenetic changes in any gastric area were observed during the study. As tartrazine belongs to the azo class, it is still a possible food carcinogen. Other studies with different doses and schedules, observing their effects associated to other carcinogens should be carried out if their safe use is to be recommended.

scholarly journals Weight Evaluation and Serum Indices Effect of Potash Administration on the Uterus of Pregnant Wistar Rat

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Estrogen Level ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Induced Changes

Potash known as potassium carbonate (K2 CO3 ) is a mixture of salt with other components including impurities which coexist in mineral and salt is highly consumed in various forms by pregnant women. The aim of this research is to evaluate the weight and serum indices of potash on the uterus of pregnant wistar rat with the specific objectives of determining the effect of potash on the progesterone and estrogen level and weight index of pregnant wistar rat. A total of Twenty-five albino Wistar rat with weights ranging from (180-300g) were used and allocated into five groups of five animals each (4 females and a male) designated as groups 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. The experimental groups 2, 3, 4, and 5 were administered different doses of potash. The animals were allowed for a period of one week for acclimatization under normal temperature (270C -300C) which they were being feed with normal feed (grower’s mash) and water ad libitum for one (1) week. Administration of potash were through the oral route. Group 1 served as the control group and was administered distilled water only. Group 2 received 300mg/kg of potash plus feed and water was given ad libitum for 7 days after detection of pregnancy. Group 3 received 600mg/kg of potash plus feed and water was given ad libitum. Group 4 received 900mg/kg of potash plus feed and water was given ad libitum. Group 5 received 1200mg/kg of potash plus feed and water was given ad libitum. After analysis from histological procedures, the progesterone and estrogen level of pregnant wistar rat were evaluated and observed that treatment with potash induced changes. However, the level of progesterone activities increased in the test groups (2, 3, and 5) when compared to the control group. As for estrogen level, the increased level was observed to be progressive in the test groups, with the highest seen with the 1200mg/kg group as well as the physical activity of the wistar rats. At the end of the study, the results showed that Potash alters progesterone and estrogen level as well as the physical activity of the wistar rats.

scholarly journals Effects of uterine cervix constriction on Wistar rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 469-474
Author(s):  
Cassio Eduardo Raposo-Amaral ◽  
Ana Beatriz Almeida ◽  
Cesar Augusto Raposo-Amaral ◽  
Luiz Carlos Vulcano ◽  
Maria Rita Passos-Bueno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Uterine Cervix ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Small Body ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Linear Measurement ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anatomical Landmarks ◽  
Female Rat ◽  
Group A

PURPOSE: To verify if uterine cerclage can induce craniosynostosis or any cranial deformity in new born Wistar rats. METHODS: One pregnant female Wistar rat underwent laparotomy on day 18 of gestation and the uterus cervix was closed with a 3-0 nylon suture to avoid delivery, that occurs normally on the 21 day. The suture was released after 48 hours beyond the normal gestation period. The female rat delivered 11 pups. Six surviving rats from the delivery (group A - constrained group). Two rats were born from another mother and in the same age were used as control group (group B - 2 nonconstrained controls) were allowed to grow. They were sacrificed 1.2 years after their birth all the eight animals. Linear measurement, routine histology and computed tomography of the skull were performed at the time of their death to evaluate the cranial asymmetries by mesurements of the anatomical landmarks of the craniofacial skeleton of the rats on the two groups and compared then. RESULTS: We did not observe statistically significant differences in any of the compared measurements (p>0.05) obtained through the morphologic and radiologic methods. Histologic examinations did not reveal any sign of premature fusion or suture imbrications. Critical decrease in longitudinal body size was noticed as the limbs too in all the animals of group A. CONCLUSION: Constriction of uterine cervix leads to fetus suffering, even death for a few animals, associated to small body size, but not to craniosynostosis.

scholarly journals Neurodegenerative Observations on the Cerebral Cortex of Adult Wistar Rats Following Mercury Chloride Induced Cortical Damage in Adult Wistar Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-16
Author(s):  
A. J. Ajibade ◽  
P. B. Fakunle ◽  
T. S. Owolabi
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Pyramidal Neurons ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Food Preservation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mercury Chloride ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Brain

Background: Mercury is a widespread environmental and industrial pollutant that is used in food preservation, cosmetics, pharmaceutical companies and laboratories. The aim of this present study was to investigate the possible effects of mercury chloride (HgCl2) exposure on the cerebral cortex of adult wista rats; and also to evaluate the effects of mercury on biochemical parameters. Materials and Methods: Thirty six (36) adult wistar rats of both sexes, weighing between 110 g-300 g were randomly divided into four groups A, B, C and D with nine animals per group. The animals in groups B, C, and D were administered mercury chloride orally at the concentration of 0.2 mg/kg, 0.4mg and 0.5 mg/kg body weights respectively while group (A) served as control and was given distilled water. The administration lasted for a period of 21 days.  The brain was carefully removed and weigh immediately with sensitive balance, part of it was homogenized for biochemical analysis (MDA, GSH and NO). The remaining part was then fixed in 10% formol calcium fluid and processed for histopathological studies using H and E stains. Results: The results revealed a decrease in animal body weights from all the groups in comparison with the control group (A) which showed an insignificant decrease (P>0.05), group B showed an insignificant decrease (P>0.05) while group C and D showed statistically significant decrease (P<0.05). The brain weights revealed statistically insignificant decrease in the treated groups when compared with the control group. The biochemical evaluation revealed a statistically significant increase (P<0.05) in the level of MDA (Malondialdehyde) in the treated groups when compared with the control group, GSH (Glutathione) revealed statistically significant decrease (P<0.05) in the treated groups and NO (Nitric Oxide) revealed statistically significant increase (P<0.05) in the treated groups as compared to the control group. The histological observation revealed degenerative changes in the cortex of treated groups that were characterized by clustered Pyknotics pyramidal neurons that appear with fragmented cytoplasm and condensed nuclei within soma. Perineural spaces were seen surrounding degenerating neurons. Axons and dendrites are scarcely appreciable around neurons in these groups. Conclusion:  The findings from this study showed that ingestion of mercury chloride has potentially deleterious effects on brain as shown in the histopathology, cellular loss in the brain of wistar rat.

scholarly journals Effects of Moringa oleifera on the developing cerebrum of young wistar rats

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Z Abijo ◽  
O O Adeeyo ◽  
O A Komolafe ◽  
O S Saka ◽  
V K Abodunrin
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
The Body ◽  
Brain Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Group B

The study evaluated the effects of moringa oleifeira on the histoarchitecture of the cerebral cortex, the body weight and brain weight of young wistar rats. Fifteen (15) young wistar rats of both sexes weighing 20-30g were used for this study. They were randomly assigned into three groups (A, B and C) of five rats each. Group A served as control and received distilled water, group B and C received 100 mg/kg and 200mg/kg of moringa oleifera respectively. Treatment lasted for a period of 6 weeks (orally). Rats were weighed and sacrificed under ketamine (30 mg/kg) anaesthesia. The cerebrum was harvested and fixed immediately in 10% formolcalcium, for further histological processing. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze data, followed by Newan-Keuls (SNK) for multiple comparisons. The results showed that there was significant increase in the feed intake of animals in groups B and C starting from the 4th week of administration. There was no significant difference in the relative brain weight and the mean weight of the rats in group B and C when compared with group A. Histological findings revealed that there was slight distortion in group B and more distortion in group C when compared with the normal histoarchitecture in control group A. The results obtained from this study showed that high doses of Moringa oleifera caused damage of some parts of histoarchitecture of the frontal cortex of developing wistarKey words: MORINGA OLEIFERA; Cerebrum; Frontal Cortex

scholarly journals Perbedaan Penurunan Suhu Tubuh Tikus Wistar Jantan Dan Betina Yang Mati Akibat Diinduksi Metanol

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Abdul Hakim Nitiprodjo ◽  
Titik Kusumawinakhyu
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Female Wistar Rats

Someone who dies will experience a decrease in body temperature from body temperature at the beginning of death, both within normal and abnormal limits to room temperature. Decrease in body temperature according to sex may differ in duration. Coupled with exposure to methanol, it is also possible to influence a decrease in body temperature of the corpse. This study aimed to analyze the differences in body temperature reduction in male and female Wistar rats  induced with methanol.This research is an experimental study with a pre and post test control group design approach. The design of this study was to observe the body temperature of male and female Wistar rats while still alive and after death and the duration of decrease in body temperature of male and female Wistar mice after being induced with methanol. The population studied was male and female Wistar rat. Based on the results from analysis test, it can be concluded that there is no significant difference between the decrease in body temperature of male and female Wistar rats that died induced by methanol, but there is a significant difference between the decrease in body temperature of male and female Wistar rats who died induced by methanol and without methanol.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Kurang Tidur terhadap Berat Badan pada Tikus Wistar Jantan

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deby Nelsya Eka Putri ◽  
Ellyza Nasrul ◽  
Machdawaty Masri
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Group Treatment ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Multiple Platform ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
One Way Anova

AbstrakPengurangan durasi tidur menurunkan kadar leptin dan meningkatkan kadar ghrelin sehingga merangsang nafsu makan dan meningkatkan kemungkinan terjadinya obesitas pada manusia. Pada tikus akan menyebabkan peningkatan asupan makanan tetapi terjadi penurunan berat badan yang disebabkan karena aktivitas yang tinggi pada tikus. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat pengaruh kurang tidur 24 jam, 48 jam dan 72 jam terhadap berat badan pada tikus Wistar jantan. Jenis penelitian adalah true experimental research dengan rancangan randomized post control group terhadap 14 ekor tikus Wistar yang dibagi atas kelompok kontrol, kelompok perlakuan 24 jam, 48 jam dan 72 jam. Tikus dikondisikan mengalami paradoxycal sleep deprivation dengan metode modified multiple platform. Asupan makanan diberikan ad libitum dan berat badan diukur setelah pengurangan durasi tidur selama 24 jam, 48 jam, dan 72 jam.Analisis data menggunakan uji Saphiro-Wilk Test dan One-Way ANOVA. Rerata berat badan setelah pengurangan durasi tidur 24 jam adalah 193,6±17,9 gram; setelah 48 jam 179,6±17,3 gram; dan setelah 72 jam 176,7±15,9 gram dibandingkan dengan kontrol 219.6±11,3 gram. Pengurangan durasi tidur 48 jam dan 72 jam dibandingkan dengan kontrol bermakna (p<0,05). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa terjadi penurunan berat badan pada pengurangan durasi tidur selama 48 jam dan 72 jam.Kata kunci: kurang tidur, berat badan, tikus wistarAbstractSleep deprivation lowers level of leptin and increases level of ghrelin which stimulates appetite and increases the likelihood of obesity in humans. In mice will increases food intake, but decreases the body weight due to high activity in mice. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of sleep deprivation 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours on body weight in male Wistar rats. This type of research was a true experimental design research with post randomized control group on 14 Wistar rats were divided into control group, treatment group 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours. Rats conditioned paradoxycal sleep deprivation experienced by the modified multiple platform method. Given ad libitum food intake and body weight were measured after sleep deprivation for 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours. Analysis of the data using the Shapiro-Wilk Test and One-Way ANOVA. The mean of body weight after 24 hour sleep deprivation was 193.6±17.9 g, after 48 hours was 179.6±17.3 g, and after 72 hours was 176.7±15.9 g compared with control was 219.6±11.3 g. Sleep deprivation 48 hours and 72 hours compared with controls was significant (p<0.05). It can be concluded there was reduction of body weight on sleep deprivation for 48 hours and 72 hours.Keywords: sleep deprivation, weight, rats

scholarly journals The effect of Dichlorvous (Sniper) Inhalation on the Histology of the Lungs of Adult Male Wistar Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 58-67
Author(s):  
A. E. Anyabolu ◽  
D. N. Ezejindu ◽  
B. N. Obinwa
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Water Feed ◽  
Group A ◽  
Cervical Dislocation ◽  
Group B ◽  
Histological Architecture ◽  
Group D

The organophosphate, dichlorvous (Otapia-pia) formulated in varying concentrations as insecticides is utilized by several individuals in most remote places of Nigeria due to its affordable value and accessibility. However, this present study is conducted to investigate the adverse effect of the exposure of this substance on the respiratory system (lungs) of male albino wistar rats. Twenty (20) albino wistar rats comprising of all males weighing between 150-230g were divided into four groups (A-D) of five animals each. Group A received only water, feed, and served as the control. Group B was exposed to dichlorvous inhalation 3hrs daily for a period of two weeks; Group C was exposed to dichlorvous inhalation 6hrs daily for a period of two weeks; while Group D was exposed to dichlorvous inhalation 10hrs daily for a period of two weeks. Twenty four hours after the last exposure, the animals were sacrificed by cervical dislocation and dissected. The lungs were weighed and fixed in 10% formal saline for histological studies. The body weight of the experimental groups decreased insignificantly when compared with the control group. The lungs weight increased significantly when compared to the control groups. Histological observation revealed a moderate to severe effects on the lungs with severe consolidated inflammatory exudates (discharge of fluids from pores), a moderate intra-alveoli hemorrhage, and a severe dilation of alveolar septa which is evident as emphysematous changes. This result revealed that the exposure to dichlorvous causes distortion of the normal histological architecture of the lungs. Thus, showing that dichlorvous inhalation influences the normal physiologic mechanisms of the lungs.

scholarly journals Acute Toxicity Study of Iron-21 Syrup in Female Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL4) ◽  
pp. 2637-2643
Author(s):  
Kirti G Sahu ◽  
Manish P Deshmukh ◽  
Sukeshini B Lote ◽  
Ashish B Budrani ◽  
Deepak S Khobragade
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Haematological Parameter ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Histopathological Studies

The iron-21 syrup is used for iron deficiency anaemia which supplies iron and calories a provide iron and calorie nutriment to recompense haemoglobin deprivation. The objective of this study is to determine acute oral toxicity of Iron-21 syrup in vivo in Wistar rats. Iron-21 Syrup formulation was given through the oral route. The syrup formulation was administered in three increasing doses of 3, 6 and 12 ml/kg body weight for concentration of 500, 1000 and 2000mg/kg respectively. The other group of rats designated as a control group was given the only vehicle orally. The test and control group contains five rats each. Tests, as well as control group rats, were sacrificed on the fifteenth day of treatment. The blood and tissue samples of test animals were sent for histopathological studies examination. Four parameters were observed throughout the study, and they are cage side observation, the effect to the body weight, haematological parameter and histopathology. All animals were survived till they sacrificed. No notable changes were found in behaviour, haematological and histopathology studies. The oral administration of Iron-21 Syrup is not shown any toxic effect in the animal at a given dose. Therefore, it is a safe remedy for human use.

scholarly journals Durational exposure dependent effect of carbamate treated net on haematological indices in wistar rat

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-126
Author(s):  
R. U. Ukpanukpong ◽  
G. I. Ekpo ◽  
U. I. Aletan ◽  
P. O. Aigbadumah ◽  
P. I. Umoh
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dependent Effect ◽  
Haematological Analysis ◽  
Haematological Indices

The present study was undertaken to investigate the duration of exposure dependent effect of carbamate treated net on haematological indices in Wistar rats. Eighteen (18) Wistar rats were used in this study and designated into three (3) study groups of six rats each. Group 1 was the control group while groups 2 and 3 constituted the experimental groups containing rats exposed to carbamate treated net for 30 and 60 days respectively. At the end of the exposure period, the animals were sacrificed and blood sample were removed for haematological analysis. The result of the study shows that there was a significant increase in the body weight of exposed rats compared to rats in the control group at (P<0.05). Relative organ weight of the exposed rats increased significantly (p<0.05) when compared to rats in the control group. The PCV, Hb, RBC’s, PLT, MCV, MCH, and MCHC levels all increased insignificantly in the exposed rats when compared to rats in the control group at (p<0.05). The study also revealed that the total White Blood Cell (WBC) counts in the exposed groups was significantly elevated when compared to the control group at (P<0.05). Finally, the result of the study shows a significant increase (p<0.05) in the levels of neutrophil of the exposed rats when compared with the control group, while the level of lymphocytes, eosinophils and monocytes increased insignificantly (p>0.05) in rats exposed for 30 days but increased significantly (p<0.05) in rats exposed for 60 days when compared to rats in their control group. Therefore, the observation from this study suggests that long-term exposure to carbamate treated net may alter the haematological indices and hence lead to various health problem. Keywords: Body Weight, Carbamate, Organs Weight and Heamatological Indices

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