Correlation of the Barkhausen Noise with Metallurgical and Mechanical Characteristics of Welded Low Carbon Steel

2015 ◽  
Vol 644 ◽  
pp. 262-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Polykseni Vourna ◽  
Aphrodite Ktena ◽  
Evangelos Hristoforou
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Electron Beam Welding ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Barkhausen Noise ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Micro Hardness ◽  
Magnetic Barkhausen Noise ◽  
Welding Technique

The influence of Electron Beam welding technique on the microstructure, mechanical and magnetic properties of low carbon steels was presented and evaluated. Samples with dimensions of 12 cm x 6 cm x 1.5 mm were prepared from stock plate, installed on the welding table and welded at welding speeds and pulsed currents following a predesigned protocol. In order to examine the influence of welding on the magnetizing behavior of low carbon steel, magnetic Barkhausen noise were conducted on the surface of the welded samples. The results were further evaluated by examining the microstructure and mechanical properties of the welded samples by using scanning electron microscopy and micro-hardness measurements, respectively.

Variations of the Magnetic Permeability and Barkhausen Noise in a Welded Low Carbon Steel

2015 ◽  
Vol 644 ◽  
pp. 278-281
Author(s):  
Lefteris Statharas
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Magnetic Permeability ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Barkhausen Noise ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Magnetic Barkhausen Noise

The present paper investigates the utilization of both the magnetic Barkhausen noise and permeability measurements for the nondestructive distinguish of the three welding zones in a welded low carbon steel.

scholarly journals Temper embrittlement of 9%Ni low carbon steel and nondestructive inspection by magnetic Barkhausen noise

2021 ◽  
Vol 349 ◽  
pp. 02020
Author(s):  
Sérgio S.M. Tavares ◽  
Fernanda F. Neves ◽  
Hugo R. da Igreja ◽  
Leosdan F. Noris ◽  
Odivaldo C. Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Temper Embrittlement ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Barkhausen Noise ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Magnetic Barkhausen Noise ◽  
Tempering Temperature ◽  
Quenching And Tempering

9% Ni and low carbon steel is used in cryogenic services in oil and gas industries. The final mechanical properties are adjusted by quenching and tempering heat treatments. However, the un-correct tempering may cause temper embrittlement, with drastic decrease of toughness at cryogenic temperatures. In this study, specimens tempered at 350°C, 400°C and 450°C showed very low toughness at low temperature (-196°C) due to temper embrittlement. Specimens slowly cooled from the tempering temperature (565°C, 585°C and 605°C) also showed toughness reduction in comparison with specimens tempered at the same temperature and cooled in water. The brittle fracture was characterized by intergranular cracks and cleavage. Magnetic Barkhausen Noise (MBN) inspection was conducted to verify if this technique can be used to detect the temper embrittlement in 9Ni steels. The root mean square (RMS) of the MBN signal was higher in specimens as quenched and in specimens tempered in the temper embrittlement range (350°C-500°C) than in specimens which were correctly tempered (565°C-605°C and water cooled). Comparing specimens tempered at 565 and 585°C range and slowly cooled with those which were water cooled, the RMS(MBN) was higher in the former group, which presented the lower toughness. However, the MBN inspection could not separate specimens tempered at 605°C slowly and rapidly, which can be related to the higher austenite volume fraction measured in the specimen slowly cooled.

Comparison of the Magnetic Barkhausen Noise for Low Carbon Steel in Deformed and Annealed Conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 1305-1309 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. de Campos ◽  
F. R. F. da Silva ◽  
J. F. C. Lins ◽  
E. F. Monlevade ◽  
M. Alberteris Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Barkhausen Noise ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Magnetic Barkhausen Noise

Effect of Soaking Time on Paste Carburizing of Carburized Low Carbon Steel

2017 ◽  
Vol 740 ◽  
pp. 93-99
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hafizuddin Jumadin ◽  
Bulan Abdullah ◽  
Muhammad Hussain Ismail ◽  
Siti Khadijah Alias ◽  
Samsiah Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Case Depth ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Soaking Time ◽  
Low Carbon Steels ◽  
Carburized Steel ◽  
Carburizing Process

Increase of soaking time contributed to the effectiveness of case depth formation, hardness properties and carbon content of carburized steel. This paper investigates the effect of different soaking time (7-9 hours) using powder and paste compound to the carburized steel. Low carbon steels were carburized using powder and paste compound for 7, 8 and 9 hours at temperature 1000°C. The transformation of microstructure and formation carbon rich layer was observed under microscope. The microhardness profiles were analyzed to investigate the length of case depth produced after the carburizing process. The increment of carbon content was considered to find the correlation between types of carburizing compound with time. Results shows that the longer carburized steel was soaked, the higher potential in formation of carbon rich layer, case depth and carbon content, which led to better hardness properties for carburized low carbon steel. Longer soaking time, 9 hours has a higher dispersion of carbon up to 41%-51% compare to 8 hours and 7 hours. By using paste carburizing, it has more potential of carbon atom to merge the microstructure to transform into cementite (1.53 wt% C) compare to powder (0.97 wt% C), which increases the hardness of carburized steel (13% higher).

Predicting the Effects of Cold Working on the Machining Characteristics of Low Carbon Steels

1987 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. Kopalinsky ◽  
P. L. B. Oxley
Keyword(s):  
Flow Stress ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Cutting Forces ◽  
Cold Working ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Low Carbon Steels ◽  
Steel Work ◽  
Machining Characteristics

Experiments show that the cold working of low carbon steel work materials can improve their machinability by reducing cutting forces and improving surface finish and tool life. The somewhat paradoxical result of reducing cutting forces by cold working a material so that its hardness is increased is explained in this paper by using a machining theory which takes account of the flow stress properties of the work material and can thus allow for the effects of cold working.

Effect of Ti, Al and Mg Addition on the Impact Toughness of Heat Affected Zone in Low Carbon Steel

2009 ◽  
Vol 79-82 ◽  
pp. 143-146
Author(s):  
Jiang Hua Ma ◽  
Dong Ping Zhan ◽  
Zhou Hua Jiang ◽  
Ji Cheng He
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Impact Toughness ◽  
Heat Affected Zone ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Welding Simulation ◽  
Mg Addition ◽  
The Impact

In order to understand the effects of deoxidizer such as aluminium, titanium and magnesium on the impact toughness of heat affected zone (HAZ), three low carbon steels deoxidized by Ti-Al, Mg and Ti-Mg were obtained. After smelting, forging, rolling and welding simulation, the effects of Al, Ti and Mg addition on the impact toughness of HAZ in low carbon steel were studied. The inclusion characteristics (size, morphology and chemistry) of samples before welding and the fracture pattern of the specimens after the Charpy-type test were respectively analyzed using optical microscope and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The following results were found. The density of inclusion in Ti-Mg deoxidized steel is bigger than Ti-Al deoxidized steel. The average diameter is decreased for the former than the latter. The addition of Ti-Mg can enhance the impact toughness of the HAZ after welding simulation. The maximal value of the impact toughness is 66.5J/cm2. The complex particles of MgO-TiOx-SiO2-MnS are most benefit to enhance impact toughness. The improvement of HAZ is attributable to the role of particle pinning and the formation of intergranular ferrite.

High Temperature Corrosion of Al Hot-Dipped Low Carbon Steels in N2/H2S-Mixed Gases

2016 ◽  
Vol 369 ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ali Abro ◽  
Dong Bok Lee
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Alloy Layer ◽  
High Temperature Corrosion ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Mixed Gas ◽  
Low Carbon Steels ◽  
Mixed Gases

A low carbon steel was hot-dip aluminized, and corroded in the N2/0.4%H2S-mixed gas at 650-850°C for 20-50 h in order to find the effect of aluminizing on the high-temperature corrosion of the low carbon steel in the H2S environment. A thin Al topcoat and a thick Al-Fe alloy layer that consisted primarily of Al5Fe2 and some FeAl and Al3Fe formed on the surface after aluminizing. The corrosion rate increased with an increase in temperature. Hot-dip aluminizing increased the corrosion resistance of the carbon steel through forming a thin protective α-Al2O3 scale on the surface. The α-Al2O3 scale was susceptible to spallation. During corrosion, internal voids formed in the Al-Fe alloy layer, where the Al5Fe2, AlFe, and Al3Fe compounds gradually transformed through interdiffusion.

Deformation and Structure Difference of Steel Droplets during Initial Solidification

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Li ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Jiaquan Zhang ◽  
Changgui Cheng ◽  
Zhi Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Continuous Casting ◽  
High Carbon Steel ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Solidification Structure ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
Peritectic Steel ◽  
Initial Solidification

AbstractThe surface quality of slabs is closely related with the initial solidification at very first seconds of molten steel near meniscus in mold during continuous casting. The solidification, structure, and free deformation for given steels have been investigated in droplet experiments by aid of Laser Scanning Confocal Microscope. It is observed that the appearances of solidified shells for high carbon steels and some hyper-peritectic steels with high carbon content show lamellar, while that for other steels show spherical. Convex is formed along the chilling direction for most steels, besides some occasions that concave is formed for high carbon steel at times. The deformation degree decreases gradually in order of hypo-peritectic steel, ultra-low carbon steel, hyper-peritectic steel, low carbon steel, and high carbon steel, which is consistent with the solidification shrinkage in macroscope during continuous casting. Additionally, the microstructure of solidified shell of hypo-peritectic steel is bainite, while that of hyper-peritectic steel is martensite.

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