Behavior of Polygonal Shells of Complex Geometry, Taking into Account the History of a High Level of Loading

2021 ◽  
Vol 887 ◽  
pp. 691-697
Author(s):  
J.S. Razzokov
Keyword(s):  
Complex Geometry ◽  
Type Equation ◽  
Complex Stress ◽  
Complex Stress State ◽  
Moment Theory ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Moment ◽  
High Level ◽  
Theory Of Shells

The paper presents the results of the study of the stress-strain state of polygonal shells of positive and negative curvature with different geometric shape of the plan, taking into account the influence of the prehistory of a high loading level. To derive the resolving equation, equation, a mixed-type equation of the moment theory of shells was used. The calculation of the investigated out according to the moment theory, taking into account the influence of a complex stress state edge effect. The numerical implementation of this solution is carried out in relation to hinged and restrained shells. The bearing capacity of short-term and long-term loaded reinforced concrete polygonal shells was investigated by the method of limiting equilibrium.

scholarly journals Experience as cognition: musical sense-making and the ‘in-time/ outside-of-time’ dichotomy

2019 ◽  
pp. 53-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Reybrouck
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Sense Making ◽  
Levels Of Processing ◽  
Symbolic Processing ◽  
Sensory Reactivity ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Moment ◽  
High Level ◽  
Comprehensive Framework

Musical sense-making relies on two distinctive strategies: tracking the moment-to-moment history of the actual unfolding and recollecting actual and previous sounding events in a kind of synoptic overview. Both positions are not opposed but complement each other. The aim of this contribution, therefore, is to provide a comprehensive framework that provides both conceptual and operational tools for coping with the sounds. Five major possibilities are proposed in this regard: (i) the concepts of perspective and resolution, which refer to the distance the listener takes with respect to the sounding music and the fine-grainedness of his/her discriminative abilities; (ii) the continuous/discrete dichotomy which conceives of the music as one continuous flow as against a division in separate and distinct elements; (iii) the in time/outside-of-time distinction, with the former proceeding in real time and the latter proceeding outside of the time of unfolding; (iv) the deictic approach to musical sense-making, which conceives of an act of mental pointing to the music, and (v) the levels of processing, which span a continuum between primitive sensory reactivity to actual sounding stimuli and high-level symbolic processing.

A Long-Run Perspective on Comparative Advantage

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Federico ◽  
Nikolaus Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Commodity Markets ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Trading Partners ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Level ◽  
Global Commodity Markets

The history of Italy since its unification in 1861 was accompanied by a dramatic increase in the country's integration with European and global commodity markets: foreign trade in the long run grew on average faster than the overall economy. Italy's comparative advantage changed fundamentally, from a high concentration of a few trading partners and a handful of rather simple commodities, into a wide diversification of trading partners and more sophisticated commodities. The chapter uses a new long-term database on Italian foreign trade at a high level of disaggregation to document and analyze these changes. The chapter concludes with an assessment of Italy's prospects from a historical perspective.

Long-Term Radioactivity Release from Solidified High-Level Waste - Part II Parametric Study of Waste form Properties, Temperature and Time

1982 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friedrich K. Altenhein ◽  
Werner Lutze ◽  
Rodney C. Ewing
Keyword(s):  
Parametric Study ◽  
Computer Code ◽  
Salt Dome ◽  
Waste Form ◽  
Glass Block ◽  
High Level Waste ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Level

The computer code QTERM has been used to calculate the total released activity from a single glass block when in contact with brine in a salt dome repository as a function of: (1) waste form properties, (2) leaching mechanisms, (3) retention or precipitation of specific radionuclides in surface layers, (4) thermal history of the repository and (5) decreasing activity as a function of time.

scholarly journals THE STUDY OF COMPLEX STRESS STATES OF ELEMENTS FILLING THE CELLS BETWEEN THE RIBS OF WOODEN LARGE-SPAN DOMES

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantin Pyatikrestovsky ◽  
Boris Sokolov
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Solid Wood ◽  
Complex Stress ◽  
Complex Stress State ◽  
Joint Work ◽  
Calculation Algorithm ◽  
Large Span ◽  
Actual Operation ◽  
Stress States

The article is devoted to the research of complex stress states of anisotropic materials under long-term loads. The article considers the design of criteria for short-term and long-term strengths proposed by G.A. Geniev in connection with the calculation of large-span structures of domes of laminated and solid wood, where the enclosure elements are included in the joint work with the power set in the form of meridional and circular ribs. In this case, the elements of an enclosure-plate are at a complex stress state and they work under compression with a shift. Joint work of such systems was studied by experiments on large-scale models and experimental construction. Large reserves of strength resistance are revealed. In particular, in 1985, the indoor skating rink at the stadium “Lokomotiv” was built as an experimental facility which implemented these conditions and it has been successfully operated for many years. However, there are some unsolved issues with the refinement of the actual operation of the structures and the development of the calculation algorithm. Some generalizations of the studied approaches are given.

scholarly journals On the New Trends in Translation of Abd al-Zahir’s Texts

2021 ◽  
pp. 673-691
Author(s):  
Igor A. Spivak
Keyword(s):  
Literary Translation ◽  
Diplomatic Relations ◽  
Conversion To Islam ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chronological Sequence ◽  
Historical Tradition ◽  
The Moment ◽  
High Level ◽  
Arabic Speaking ◽  
Written Sources

The beginning of diplomatic relations between the Golden Horde and Mamluk Egypt and the conversion to Islam by Khan Berke (1257–1266) are reflected in written sources. The most important of these is the Garden of Flowers in the Biography of al-Malik al-Zahir, compiled by Muhyi d-Din Abu-l-Fadl ’Abdallah ibn ‘Abd az-Zahir, the secretary of the Sultan al-Malik al-Zahir Rukn al-Din Baybars al-Bunduqdari (1260–1277). This work became the basis for later books of those who represented Arabic-speaking historical tradition. The excerpts from these works uncovering the history of the Golden Horde were published in 1884 by V. G. Tizengausen. It should be noted that the translation of the sources made by V. G. Tizengausen at a high level is not a word-by-word translation. The literary translation leaves room for various historical interpretations of the texts. In 2020, V. A. Sidorenko published an attempt of interpretation of the kind. The aim of the present research is grammatical, historical, and religious analysis of the conjectures given by V. A. Sidorenko and the conclusions drawn against this background. The results of the research undertaken support the conclusion that the most likely date of conversion to Islam by Khan Berke reflected in the written sources is 1263. Moreover, the author criticises the conjectures of Ibn Abd al-Zahir’s text suggested by V. A. Sidorenko. The greatest objection is the translation of the content of the first letter of the Egyptian Sultan to Khan Berke. The conclusion is made that, at the moment when the letter to Berke was written, al-Malik al-Zahir Baybars had no doubts about the religion of the Khan. This conclusion suggests doubts concerning the chronological sequence of diplomatic missions and exchange of letters between Egypt and the Golden Horde suggested by V. A. Sidorenko. One should search for the reason for the contradictions between the content of the Sultan’s message to the Khan of the Golden Horde and the content of the letters delivered to Egypt by Berke’s ambassadors among the features of religious policy of Mongolian rulers. Taking the Khan’s sympathy for Islam into account, the reason behind the letter to Berke probably was the misinterpretation of the information concerning his religion received in Egypt.

Pesticides and Human Health

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierluigi Cocco
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Complex Pattern ◽  
History Of ◽  
Exposure Patterns ◽  
Multiple Treatments ◽  
High Level ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Developed World

The fight against agricultural and household pests accompanies the history of humanity, and a total ban on the use of pesticides seems unlikely to happen in the foreseeable future. Currently, about 100,000 different chemicals, inorganic and organic, are currently in the market, grouped according to their function as insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, fumigants, rodenticides, fertilizers, growth regulators, etc. against specific pests, such as snails or human parasites, or their chemical structure—organochlorines, organophosphates, pyrethroids, carbamates, dithiocarbamates, organotin compounds, phthalimides, phenoxy acids, heterocyclic azole compounds, coumarins, etc. Runoff from agricultural land and rain precipitation and dry deposition from the atmosphere can extend exposure to the general environment through the transport of pesticides to streams and ground-water. Also, the prolonged bio-persistence of organochlorines generates their accumulation in the food chain, and their atmospheric drift toward remote geographical areas is mentioned as the cause of elevated fat contents in Arctic mammals. Current regulation in the developed world and the phasing out of more toxic pesticides have greatly reduced the frequency of acute intoxications, although less stringent regulations in the developing world contribute to a complex pattern of exposure circumstances worldwide. Nonetheless, evidence is growing about long-term health effects following high-level, long-lasting exposure to specific pesticides, including asthma and other allergic diseases, immunotoxicity, endocrine disruption, cancer, and central and peripheral nervous system effects. Major reasons for uncertainty in interpreting epidemiological findings of pesticide effects include the complex pattern of overlapping exposure due to multiple treatments applied to different crops and their frequent changes over time to overcome pest resistance. Further research will have to address specific agrochemicals with well-characterized exposure patterns.

Social Gift as an Act of Communication: the Problem of Digitalization

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
M. Zaharov ◽  
I. Starovoytova ◽  
Anastasiya Shishkova
Keyword(s):  
Social Impact ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Social Transformations ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
The Gift ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Cultural Component ◽  
The Moment ◽  
High Level

Based on the study of modern domestic and foreign literature, the article reveals a variety of methodological approaches to the phenomenon of social gifting. The structure, essence, stages and functions of the gift act are analyzed. It is shown that a social gift is a non-verbal means of communication, a carrier of encoded information about the gift giver, the gift acceptor and the gift situation itself, aimed at establishing, maintaining and strengthening long-term social ties. The informational and symbolic effects of gift are disclosed, it is said about the change in the communication properties of a gift in modern society. The authors of the article showed that in a communication society, along with the positive aspects of social donation (ease of transmission, high level of emotionality, high social impact, etc.), negative aspects are also inevitable: an increase in the moment of uncertainty, non-guaranteed positivity of the consequences of the gift. The analysis of new forms of social gift: virtual gifts, digital gifts, gifts through social networks — is of particular interest. The authors investigate the new social risks of such gifts: insufficient privacy, excessive openness, the danger of losing the national-cultural component of the gift act, etc. The article is of great interest to all who study social transformations taking place in a communication society.

scholarly journals Precipitation isotope time series predictions from machine learning applied in Europe

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (26) ◽  
pp. e2024107118
Author(s):  
Daniel B. Nelson ◽  
David Basler ◽  
Ansgar Kahmen
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
History Of ◽  
Oxygen Isotopic ◽  
Input Variables ◽  
Hydrogen And Oxygen Isotope ◽  
High Level

Hydrogen and oxygen isotope values of precipitation are critically important quantities for applications in Earth, environmental, and biological sciences. However, direct measurements are not available at every location and time, and existing precipitation isotope models are often not sufficiently accurate for examining features such as long-term trends or interannual variability. This can limit applications that seek to use these values to identify the source history of water or to understand the hydrological or meteorological processes that determine these values. We developed a framework using machine learning to calculate isotope time series at monthly resolution using available climate and location data in order to improve precipitation isotope model predictions. Predictions from this model are currently available for any location in Europe for the past 70 y (1950–2019), which is the period for which all climate data used as predictor variables are available. This approach facilitates simple, user-friendly predictions of precipitation isotope time series that can be generated on demand and are accurate enough to be used for exploration of interannual and long-term variability in both hydrogen and oxygen isotopic systems. These predictions provide important isotope input variables for ecological and hydrological applications, as well as powerful targets for paleoclimate proxy calibration, and they can serve as resources for probing historic patterns in the isotopic composition of precipitation with a high level of meteorological accuracy. Predictions from our modeling framework, Piso.AI, are available at https://isotope.bot.unibas.ch/PisoAI/.

scholarly journals Fatigue Life of Construction Elements in a Complex Stress State

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 585262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Łukaszewicz
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Strength ◽  
Stress State ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Fracture Initiation ◽  
Complex Stress ◽  
Complex Stress State ◽  
Slip Systems ◽  
Unit Radius ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Suggested Criterion

This paper presents a method of assessing fatigue strength for a body in conditions of cyclical tension and torsion. The theoretical calculations have been conducted using the criterion of averaged structural microdamage resulting from local slips. The description of microdamages of such a body, in the view of the slip concept, was done by using a half-sphere with a unit radius, on the surface of which the location of all local physical planes and slip systems was determined employing three angles. A computer method was used to determine the slip boundaries in a complex stress state, analyzing the slip condition for all combinations of angles. Based on the calculated values of the microdamages' intensity function, the number of loading cycles until the moment of fracture initiation was estimated. Experimental verification of the suggested criterion was conducted using cylindrical smooth specimens, made of C45 steel. The tests of fatigue strength were made under conditions of a constant amplitude of zero-start pulsating loads.

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