Obtaining TiO2 and Fe2O3 from Ilmenite via Alkaline Fusion Method

Tin mining business in Malaysia produce many types of by product such as xenotime, monazite, zircon and ilmenite. Ilmenite is one of the crucial materials that helps the growth of economy in Malaysia. Instead of that, ilmenite becomes an important material in the process of oxygen carrier where it shows a better compare to the other such as olivine, hematite, biotite and cuprite. Incredible mechanical resistance and good thermal properties are playing an important factor for the materials that been used for oxygen carrier and ilmenite is the most suitable material for oxygen carrier process. Instead of its suitable properties, ilmenite also one of the lowest price materials among natural minerals sources. Ilmenite composition can provide titanium dioxide (TiO2) which can be used in many industries such as painting and iron oxide (Fe2O3 or Fe3O4) for catalytic and magnetic industries. TiO2 can be found in three phases which are anatase, rutile and brookite. In order to obtain TiO2, dissolution – precipitation mechanism where titanium arranges into different crystal structure depending on the reactant chemistry. These phase formations were obtained by using hydrothermal treatment at elevated temperatures with the appropriate reactants. The transition temperature and the mechanism of the structural transformation also can be largely influenced the iron oxide phase. Therefor in this study, extractive metallurgy method was used in order to obtain separate TiO2 and Fe2O3.

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Preparation and evaluation of nanosized mixed calcium iron oxide (CaFe2O4) as high heat resistant pigment in paints

Pigment & Resin Technology ◽

10.1108/prt-12-2013-0114 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 44 (3) ◽

pp. 172-178 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

H. Abd El-Wahab ◽

A.M. Hassan ◽

A.M. Naser ◽

O.A. Fouad ◽

A.M. El-Din ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Corrosion Resistance ◽

Iron Oxide ◽

Elevated Temperatures ◽

Paint Film ◽

High Heat ◽

Mechanical Resistance ◽

Inorganic Pigment ◽

Content Type ◽

Heat Resistant ◽

Calcium Iron

Purpose – The purpose of this paper was to prepare and evaluate a nanosized mixed calcium iron oxide as a high heat-resistant pigment. Heat-resistant pigments can be defined as chemical substances that impart color to a substrate or binder and retain their color and finish at elevated temperatures. Mixed metal oxides have been widely used as pigments in coating formulations. Design/methodology/approach – This work presents synthesis of nanosized calcium iron oxide as an inorganic pigment by using simple synthesis technique, namely, solid-state calcination method, to study its heat and corrosion resistance. The prepared pigment was characterized by using X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and inductive coupling plasma. It was incorporated into paint formulations, and the heat, corrosion and mechanical resistance of dry paint film was evaluated. Findings – In this work, the prepared calcium iron oxide pigment showed excellent heat and corrosion resistance. Research limitations/implications – Heat-resistant coatings are required for industrial applications, mainly for reactors, exhaust pipes, space craft, stacks and similar equipments that are permanently and occasionally exposed to elevated temperatures. It was previously quite difficult to formulate heat-resistant organic coatings because of binder deficiencies; new vehicles for such applications are now available. Thus, the development of silicon resins has markedly advanced the utility of heat-resistant paints. High-temperature pigments are inorganic chemical compounds that impart and retain their color and finish to a substrate or binder at elevated temperatures. Practical implications – The nanosized mixed calcium iron oxide could be used as a pigment in paint formulations. It was found that it significantly enhances the heat, corrosion and mechanical resistance. It can also find numerous applications in other paint formulations for surface coating. Originality/value – The paper shows how the pigment consisting nanosized mixed calcium iron oxide could be used in heat-resistant paint formulations for coating metal surfaces.

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Utilizing the Oxygen Carrier Property of Cerium Iron Oxide for the Low-Temperature Synthesis of 1,3-butadiene from 1-butene

Catalysis Letters ◽

10.1007/s10562-020-03512-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Aswathy T. Venugopalan ◽

Prabu Kandasamy ◽

Pranjal Gogoi ◽

Jha Ratneshkumar ◽

Raja Thirumalaiswamy

Keyword(s):

Iron Oxide ◽

Low Temperature ◽

Oxygen Carrier ◽

Low Temperature Synthesis ◽

Temperature Synthesis

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Implications of the iron oxide phase transition on the interiors of rocky exoplanets

Nature Geoscience ◽

10.1038/s41561-020-00684-y ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

F. Coppari ◽

R. F. Smith ◽

J. Wang ◽

M. Millot ◽

D. Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phase Transition ◽

Iron Oxide ◽

Oxide Phase ◽

Iron Oxide Phase

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Synthesis and crystallogenesis at low temperature of Fe(III)-smectites by evolution of coprecipitated gels: experiments in partially reducing conditions

Clay Minerals ◽

10.1180/claymin.1986.021.5.02 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 21 (5) ◽

pp. 861-877 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

A. Decarreau ◽

D. Bonnin

Keyword(s):

Crystal Growth ◽

Iron Oxide ◽

Low Temperature ◽

Oxide Phase ◽

Octahedral Sheet ◽

Reducing Conditions ◽

Iron Oxide Phase

AbstractSyntheses of ferric smectites were performed at low temperature (75° C by aging coprecipitated gels of silica and Fe2+-sulphate under initially reducing then oxidizing conditions. Under strictly reducing conditions only nuclei of a trioctahedral ferrous stevensite were observed and crystal growth did not take place. When a spontaneous oxidization, in contact with air, was effected, the ferrous smectite nuclei transformed rapidly into a ferric, nontronite-like, smectite. Crystallogenesis of the ferric smectite was studied by XRD, IR, DTA, Mössbauer and EPR spectroscopies. The end-synthesis smectite contained only Fe3+ions, all located in the octahedral sheet. This clay was mixed with a cryptocrystalline iron oxide phase containing one-third of the iron atoms and undetectable by XRD.

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Electrochemical properties of Fe2O3/AB based composite electrodes in alkaline solution

VNU Journal of Science Mathematics - Physics ◽

10.25073/2588-1124/vnumap.4348 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Trinh Tuan Anh ◽

Bui Thi Hang

Keyword(s):

Iron Oxide ◽

Alkaline Solution ◽

Electrochemical Impedance ◽

Passive Layer ◽

Composite Electrodes ◽

Iron Oxide Particles ◽

Electrochemical Behaviors ◽

Suitable Material ◽

Oxide Electrodes ◽

Eis Measurements

To find a suitable material for Fe-air battery anode, Fe2O3 nanoparticles (nm) and microparticles (µm) were used as active materials and Acetylene Black carbon (AB) as additive to prepare Fe2O3/AB composites. The effect of grain size of iron oxide particles and additives on the electrochemical behavior of Fe2O3/AB composite electrodes in alkaline solution have been investigated using cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic cycling and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements. Iron oxide nanoparticles provided better cyclability than iron oxide microparticles. Impedance of electrode increased during cycling but the nm-Fe2O3/AB electrode gave smaller resistance than µm-Fe2O3/AB one. The additives showed strongly effects on the electrochemical behaviors of iron oxide electrodes. The AB additive enhanced the electric conductivity of Fe2O3/AB electrode and thus increased the redox reaction rate of iron oxide while K2S interacted and broke down the passive layer leading to improved cyclability and giving higher capacity for Fe2O3/AB electrodes.

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Swelling Behavior and Drug Release of Polymer Coated Nano Iron Oxide Embedded Hydroxyapatite

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.829.108 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 829 ◽

pp. 108-113

Author(s):

Yoshiyuki Yokogawa ◽

Rina Ohkura ◽

Yoko Inoue ◽

Atsumasa Shishido ◽

Ereath Beeran Ansar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Iron Oxide ◽

Elevated Temperature ◽

Ambient Temperature ◽

Polyelectrolyte Complex ◽

Elevated Temperatures ◽

Release Behavior ◽

Swelling Properties ◽

Gel Beads ◽

Calcium Alginate Gel ◽

Ca Alginate

Spherical calcium-alginate gel beads containing HAIO, iron oxide (IO) nanoparticles embedded on hydroxapatite (HA), were prepared along with and poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAM) or chitosan. These spheres, HAIO, HAIO-PNIPAAM and HAIO-chitosan spheres, were used as carriers of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), one of the drugs for cancer chemical therapy, and the 5-FU release behavior in PBS solution was investigated at ambient and elevated temperatures using U-V spectrometry. The amount of the released 5-FU from the HAIO spheres was somewhat higher than that from HAIO-PNIPAAM and HAIO-chitosan spheres at ambient temperature. At elevated temperature, HAIO spheres showed an increase in quantity of released 5-FU. The amount of released 5-FU from HAIO-PNIPAAM spheres was almost the same, and that from HAIO-chitosan spheres was reduced compared to those at ambient temperature. These spheres, HAIO, HAIO-PNIPAAM and HAIO-chitosan spheres, show the similar swelling properties at elevated temperature. However, the combinations of Ca-alginate - PNIPAAM or Ca-alginate - chitosan may produce the different structures, which are core-shell network for HAIO-PNIPAAM spheres and or a polyelectrolyte complex for HAIO-chitosan spheres, leading to a different release behavior of 5-FU.

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Performance of Iron Oxide-Based Oxygen Carrier in Biomass Pyrolysis

JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN ◽

10.1252/jcej.17we111 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 51 (5) ◽

pp. 469-475

Author(s):

Nobusuke Kobayashi ◽

Yoshinori Itaya

Keyword(s):

Iron Oxide ◽

Oxygen Carrier ◽

Biomass Pyrolysis

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Identification of oxide impurity phases and distribution of structural iron in some diagenetic illitic clays as determined by Mössbauer spectroscopy

Clay Minerals ◽

10.1180/claymin.1988.023.3.07 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 301-308 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

B. A. Goodman ◽

P. H. Nadeau

Keyword(s):

Mössbauer Spectroscopy ◽

Iron Oxide ◽

Mossbauer Spectroscopy ◽

Oxide Phase ◽

The Other ◽

Mößbauer Spectroscopy ◽

Impurity Phases ◽

Oxide Impurity ◽

Structural Iron ◽

Forms Of Iron

AbstractSeven diagenetic illitie clays have been investigated by Mössbauer spectroscopy to characterize the forms of iron. Four specimens had measurable amounts of iron oxide impurity phases, accounting for up to ∼95% of the total Fe. Goethite, microcrystalline and probably aluminous, was identified as the oxide phase in three of these samples, the other containing hematite. This latter sample was also the only one which had tetrahedral Fe(III). Five of the samples contained measurable amounts of Fe(II), but the aluminosilicate Fe was present largely as 6-coordinated Fe(III) which had two distinctly different sets of parameters. These results are discussed in terms of the structural properties of illites.

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