Effect of the Calcination Time of Fish Bones in the Synthesis of Hydroxyapatite

2005 ◽  
Vol 498-499 ◽  
pp. 600-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.M. Lima ◽  
W.R. Weinand ◽  
O.A.A. dos Santos ◽  
A. Paesano ◽  
F.H.M. Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Ball Mill ◽  
High Energy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Calcination Time ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fish Bones ◽  
High Energy Ball Mill ◽  
Energy Ball ◽  
Combination Of Methods ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this work, a combination of methods for HAp synthesis is investigated. Fish bones were calcined at 900oC between 4h and 12h, followed by milling in a high-energy ball mill, by 2h and 4h at 300rpm. The obtained material was characterized by using techniques such as laser granulometry, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic absorption spectroscopy. The performed analysis permitted us to obtain the Ca/P ratio, the morphology and the phase structure of hydroxyapatite particles powder.

Sintering of Al4C3 Using Aluminum Scrap and Commercial Graphite

2014 ◽  
Vol 802 ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Estevam Coelho ◽  
D.B. Silvany ◽  
M.D.C. Sobral ◽  
M.C.A. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Ball Mill ◽  
Graphite Powder ◽  
High Energy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Mechanically Alloyed ◽  
Aluminum Scrap ◽  
X Ray ◽  
High Energy Ball Mill ◽  
Energy Ball ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this works, aluminum scraps powders were mixed with commercial graphite and mechanically alloyed in a high-energy ball mill and subsequently powders sintering. The initial grinding of aluminum scraps for 2 hours and then mixed with commercial graphite powder at a proportion of (y)Al-(x)C (wt%) (x = 1, 5 e 10, 25). The mixture of aluminum and graphite powders was processed for a time at 5 hours of milling. The samples were sintered at a temperature of 750°C and 1000°C. Samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The results of this study were to find important parameters of composition and sintering, because the increase in concentration of carbon in the aluminum indicates that the material may have different applications.

scholarly journals The influence of compaction pressure on the density and electrical properties of cordierite-based ceramics

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Obradovic ◽  
N. Djordjevic ◽  
A. Peles ◽  
S. Filipovic ◽  
M. Mitric ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Ball Mill ◽  
Compaction Pressure ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Air Atmosphere ◽  
High Energy Ball Mill ◽  
Energy Ball

Due to its characteristics, cordierite, 2MgO?2Al2O3?5SiO2, is a high-temperature ceramic material of a great scientific interest. Mechanical activation of the starting mixtures containing 5.00 mass% TiO2 was performed in a high-energy ball mill for 10 minutes. The compaction pressure varied from 0.5 to 6tcm-2 (49-588 MPa). The sintering process was performed at 1350?C for four hours in the air atmosphere. The phase composition of the activated and sintered samples was analyzed using X-ray diffraction. Scanning electron microscopy was used to analyze the microstructure of both compacted and sintered samples. The authors have investigated the influence of compaction pressure on the sintered samples and their electrical properties.

Microstructural Evolution of Cr-Ta Powder in the Process of Mechanical Alloying

2015 ◽  
Vol 1094 ◽  
pp. 300-304
Author(s):  
Jing Yao ◽  
Shi Qiang Lu ◽  
Xuan Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Alloying ◽  
Ball Mill ◽  
Supersaturated Solid Solution ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
High Energy Ball Mill ◽  
The Hours ◽  
Energy Ball

High energy ball mill tests under the condition of the ball material mass ratio 13:1 and the rotate speed 400 r/min have been employed to investigate the process of mechanical alloying (MA) of Ta and Cr powder mixed in the mole ratio of 1:2.The microstructure evolution process and phase composition were explained useing scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results show that, the milled 20h powder existed in Ta (Cr) supersaturated solid solution and amorphous after 40h. Although the hours were spent on ball milling reached to 50h, Laves phase TaCr2had not been made during the process.

Synthesis of Al5083 Alloy by High Energy Ball Mill and Densification through Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP)

2019 ◽  
Vol 969 ◽  
pp. 68-72
Author(s):  
K. Chandra Sekhar ◽  
Balasubramanian Ravisankar ◽  
S. Kumaran
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Ball Mill ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Mechanically Alloyed ◽  
Channel Angle ◽  
Angular Pressing ◽  
High Energy Ball Mill ◽  
Energy Ball ◽  
Scanning Electron

An attempt was made to synthesis Al-5083alloy through high energy ball milling and densification through ECAP. The elemental powders consisting of Al5083 was milled for 5, 10 and 15 hrs using Retsch high energy ball mill (PM400). The physical and structural properties of mechanically alloyed particulates were characterised by diffraction methods and electron microscopy. The 15hrs nanocrystalline structured particulates of Al5083 alloy shows crystallite size of 15nm. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) reveals the morphology of alloy which is irregular shaped. The size of alloyed particulates also measured using SEM and found to be 7μm for 15hrs of milling. The 15hr milled alloy particulates were densified by ECAP through 90o die channel angle. Maximum densification of 92% and highest hardness of 63HRB was achieved for sample consolidated with route-A for two passes along with sintering.

Nanocrystalline Intermetallic Mg2Ni Produced in a Batch Scale Mill

2006 ◽  
Vol 509 ◽  
pp. 141-146
Author(s):  
E. Martínez-Franco ◽  
Thomas Klassen ◽  
Rüdiger Bormann ◽  
D. Jaramillo-Vigueras
Keyword(s):  
Ball Mill ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometry ◽  
Particle Morphology ◽  
High Energy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Batch Production ◽  
Production Scale ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Powder Mass ◽  
Scanning Electron

Nanocrystalline intermetallic Mg2Ni is successfully produced on a batch production scale from elemental powder blends by mechanical alloying using a high-energy rotor ball mill (Simoloyer). Different ball-to-powder mass ratios are used in order to provide results for scaling to industrial production. Transformation of elemental Mg-Ni powders into the Mg2Ni intermetallic is observed by x-ray diffraction. Particle morphology during milling is observed by scanning electron microscopy. A relatively low Fe contamination is estimated by energy dispersive spectrometry.

Structural Evolution of Mechanically Alloyed Nanocrystalline Al70Fe25Ni5 Intermetallics

2013 ◽  
Vol 275-277 ◽  
pp. 1751-1754
Author(s):  
Zhang Jing ◽  
Qi Zhi Cao ◽  
Zheng Liang Li
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Alloying ◽  
Solid Solutions ◽  
Ball Mill ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Structural Evolution ◽  
High Energy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Mechanically Alloyed ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

Nanostructured Al-25at.%Fe-5at.%Ni intermetallics were prepared directly by mechanical alloying (MA) in a high-energy planetary ball-mill. The phase transformations and structural changes occurring in the studied material during mechanical alloying were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to examine the morphology of the powders. Thermal behavior of the milled powders was examined by differential thermal analysis (DTA). The solid solutions of Fe (Al) and Ni (Fe) in the Al70Fe25Ni5 system are observed at the early milling stage. The solid solutions transforms into amorphous and disordered Al (Fe, Ni) phase. The last milling products in the Al70Fe25Ni5 system are Al3Ni2, AlFe3 and AlFe0.23Ni0.77 phases.

Preparation of Nano-fcc Structure Co Powders by High Speed Ball Milling

2013 ◽  
Vol 803 ◽  
pp. 308-311
Author(s):  
Ying Deng ◽  
Xiang Xiong ◽  
Yan Hua Zhang ◽  
Ling Ling Peng
Keyword(s):  
Ball Milling ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
High Energy Ball Mill ◽  
Energy Ball ◽  
Fcc Structure

High-energy ball mill of a mixture of H2C2O4·2H2O, Co (NO3)2·6H2O(A.R) has been used to produce nanocrystalline cobalt oxalate powders of nearly spherical shape. After the CoH2C2O4·2H2O powders have been dispersed by spray-drying, it has been decomposed at 400~550°C to obtain cobalt powders. The microstructure of the powders produced using ball milling and thermodynamical analysis for reaction and decomposition temperature have been studied. The powders were characterized by X-ray Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy. It has been identified that a spherical, fcc structure, 100nm β-Co powders was synthesized.

scholarly journals The Influence of Tribophysical Activation on Zn2TiO4 Synthesis

2006 ◽  
Vol 518 ◽  
pp. 131-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Obradović ◽  
Nebojsa Labus ◽  
Tatjana Srećković ◽  
Momcilo M. Ristić
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Ball Mill ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Powder Morphology ◽  
High Energy Ball Mill ◽  
Microstructure Parameters ◽  
Energy Ball ◽  
Scanning Electron

The influence of tribophysical activation on Zn2TiO4 synthesis along with the changes in powders during tribophysical treatment was observed. Mixtures of ZnO and TiO2 powders were mechanically activated using a high-energy ball mill at different time intervals from 0 to 300 minutes. XRD was performed in order to obtain information about phase composition variations. Microstructure parameters were revealed from an approximation method. Particle size distribution along with scanning electron microscopy gave very useful information about powder morphology.

Characteristics of Nanostructured Cr75Ni25 Alloy Powders Produced by High-Energy Ball Milling

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 13-21
Author(s):  
S. Triaa ◽  
L. Faghi ◽  
F. Otmane ◽  
F. Kali-Ali ◽  
M. Azzaz
Keyword(s):  
Ball Milling ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Laser Diffraction ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Planetary Ball Milling ◽  
Bcc Structure ◽  
Energy Ball ◽  
Scanning Electron

Nanomaterial Cr75Ni25 alloy with a mean crystallite size of 8.3 nm and microstrain of 1.23% after 48h of milling was synthesized by mechanical alloying using a high energy planetary ball milling. The morphological changes and particles size were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and laser diffraction. Magnetic results were measured by Foucault currants, coercive field and residual magnetisation. Structural change during ball milling was evaluated by X-ray diffraction. It was found that the paramagnetic Cr0.8Ni0.2 phase with bcc structure appears for 12 h of milling.

Synthesis of Layered Ti2Al(N0.5C0.5) by a Combination of High Energy Milling and Hot Press Sintering

2011 ◽  
Vol 52-54 ◽  
pp. 846-849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Feng Zhu ◽  
Na Han ◽  
Kun Wang ◽  
Fen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Ball Mill ◽  
Compositional Analysis ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Hot Press ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Nitrogen Gas ◽  
X Ray ◽  
High Energy Milling ◽  
Hot Press Sintering ◽  
Scanning Electron

Elemental mixture of Ti, Al and C was high energy milled in a planetary ball mill under high-purity nitrogen gas protection and then hot pressed. The fully dense bulk layered ternary Ti2AlN0.5C0.5 with sub-micron grain size was successfully obtained. The phase formation and transformation in high energy milling and subsequently hot press sintering were studied in detail by using X-ray diffraction (XRD). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) linked with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) was used for the structural and compositional analysis. The formation mechanism was also discussed.

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