A Study of the Microstructure and Grain Size at the Welding Heat Affected Zone of a Ferrite Stainless Steel

2008 ◽  
Vol 575-578 ◽  
pp. 627-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi Xing Zhang ◽  
Shao Kang Guan ◽  
Xin Tian Liu ◽  
Chun Li Mo
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Monte Carlo Simulation ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Kinetic Equation ◽  
Heat Affected Zone ◽  
Real Experiment ◽  
Simulation Procedure ◽  
Monte Carlo Simulation Result

A method of Monte Carlo combined with welding experiments was adopted to study the grain size and microstructure in welding heat affected zone of the ferrite stainless steel. Firstly, the kinetic equation of grain growth was established with the experimental data . Then , a simulation procedure based on the kinetic equation was worked out. Agreement between Monte Carlo simulation result and the real experiment results was obtained.

Monte Carlo Simulation of Grain Growth at Heat Affected Zone (HAZ) of Weldment

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Jahanian ◽  
Wen Lei
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Monte Carlo Simulation ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Grain Growth ◽  
Fusion Zone ◽  
Heat Affected Zone ◽  
Bulk Heating ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Grain Distribution

Abstract Average grain size and grain size distribution at HAZ is the dominant microstructural features of weldment. Such features may govern many properties of the weldment, such as strength, ductility, toughness, corrosion resistance and so forth. Accordingly, prediction of the final grain size and grain distribution is crucial to a welding engineer. The nature of grain growth in the weldment is known to be stochastic. Hence, using a deterministic method for predicting the final grain size of weldment should be reconsidered. In this paper Monte Carlo simulation of grain growth at Heat Affected Zone (HAZ) of a 0.5 Mo-Cr-V steel is presented. The technique used for this simulation is discussed. We also use a methodology to obtain a one-to-one correlation between Monte Carlo (MC) and real parameters of grain size and time. The results are compared with the experimental results and a reasonable agreement is observed. To carry out the simulation, we generate a random 200*200 matrix. Each element of this matrix represents a grain site with a unique grain orientation at the beginning of the simulation. We run the simulation for both bulk heating situation and HAZ zone to decide the thermal pinning effect. In the case of HAZ. zone, the center of this matrix represents the fusion zone of the HAZ. Periodic boundary conditions are used so that the grains wrapping around are at the same temperature. To make a comparison, we look at a HAZ location about 120 microns from the fusion zone and compare it with the grain size obtained in an actual weld HAZ at an identical location. The simulation result shows a near match with the experimental data for bulk heating. The grain structure of the simulation result in the weld HAZ also has a reasonable accuracy. It can be concluded that the MC technique could effectively capture the thermal pinning existing in the weld HAZ. The difference between the simulation result and the experimental data suggest the effect of thermal pinning is higher than the effect based on the thermal gradient alone.

scholarly journals A Simulation of the Effects of Badminton Serve Release Height

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2903
Author(s):  
John Rasmussen ◽  
Mark de Zee
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Monte Carlo Simulation ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
World Federation ◽  
Forward Dynamics ◽  
Dynamics Model ◽  
Rib Cage ◽  
Female Player ◽  
Ballistic Trajectory ◽  
Release Height

In this work, we develop and calibrate a model to represent the trajectory of a badminton shuttlecock and use it to investigate the influence of serve height in view of a new serve rule instated by the Badminton World Federation. The new rule means that all players must launch the shuttlecock below a height of 1.15 m, as opposed to the old rule whereby the required launch height was under the rib cage of the server. The model is based on a forward dynamics model of ballistic trajectory with drag, and it is calibrated with experimental data. The experiments also served to determine the actual influence of the new rule on the shuttlecock launch position. The model is used in a Monte Carlo simulation to determine the statistical influence of the new serve rules on the player’s ability to perform good serves; i.e., serves with little opportunity for the receiver to attack. We conclude that, for the female player in question, serving below a height of 1.15 m makes it marginally more difficult to perform excellent serves. We also conclude that there might be alternative launch positions that would be less likely to produce the best serves but could be exploited as a tactical option.

scholarly journals A Monte-Carlo Simulation of the Behaviour of Electron Swarms in Hydrogen Using an Anisotropic Scattering Model

1978 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 299 ◽  
Author(s):  
HA Blevin ◽  
J Fletcher ◽  
SR Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Monte Carlo Simulation ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Electron Transport ◽  
Anisotropic Scattering ◽  
Isotropic Scattering ◽  
Transport Parameters ◽  
Simulation Code ◽  
Scattering Model ◽  
Good Agreement

Hunter (1977) found that a Monte-Carlo simulation of electron swarms in hydrogen, based on an isotropic scattering model, produced discrepancies between the predicted and measured electron transport parameters. The present paper shows that, with an anisotropic scattering model, good agreement is obtained between the predicted and experimental data. The simulation code is used here to calculate various parameters which are not directly measurable.

Assessing Wear Evolutions in Railway Wheelsets Using a Survival Modeling Approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilerme A. C. Caldeira ◽  
JoaquimAP Braga ◽  
António R. Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo Simulation ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Condition Based Maintenance ◽  
Monitoring Systems ◽  
Simulation Procedure ◽  
Condition Monitoring Systems ◽  
Survival Modeling ◽  
Wheel Profile ◽  
Independence Of Events

Abstract The present paper provides a method to predict maintenance needs for the railway wheelsets by modeling the wear out affecting the wheelsets during its life cycle using survival analysis. Wear variations of wheel profiles are discretized and modelled through a censored survival approach, which is appropriate for modeling wheel profile degradation using real operation data from the condition monitoring systems that currently exist in railway companies. Several parametric distributions for the wear variations are modeled and the behavior of the selected ones is analyzed and compared with wear trajectories computed by a Monte Carlo simulation procedure. This procedure aims to test the independence of events by adding small fractions of wear to reach larger wear values. The results show that the independence of wear events is not true for all the established events, but it is confirmed for small wear values. Overall, the proposed framework is developed in such a way that the outputs can be used to support predictions in condition-based maintenance models and to optimize the maintenance of wheelsets.

Monte Carlo Simulation of Seebeck Coefficient and Electrical Conductivity in Thermoelectrics

2013 ◽  
Vol 709 ◽  
pp. 176-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Li
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Monte Carlo Simulation ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Seebeck Coefficient ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Polycrystalline Ceramics ◽  
Simulation Results

we proposed a scheme for simulating the electronic and thermoelectric properties of polycrystalline ceramics. The simulation results show that the ground state electrons are easily confined in the largest grain. In addition, with the increasing average grain size, the Seebeck coefficient decreases while the electrical conductivity increases monotonically. The simulation results agree well with the available experimental results. Therefore, the proposed model is proved to be a promising approach for thermoelectric investigations.

Analysis of Experimental Data for Polystyrene Orientation during Stress Relaxation Using Semigrand Canonical Monte Carlo Simulation

2002 ◽  
Vol 35 (15) ◽  
pp. 6032-6042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick L. Colhoun ◽  
Robert C. Armstrong ◽  
Gregory C. Rutledge
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Monte Carlo Simulation ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Stress Relaxation
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