Development of Permeable Reactive Barrier for Phosphorus Removal

2010 ◽  
Vol 636-637 ◽  
pp. 1365-1370 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Oliveira ◽  
Ana Vera Machado ◽  
Regina Nogueira
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Material ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Permeable Reactive Barriers ◽  
Permeable Reactive Barrier ◽  
Aluminium Isopropoxide ◽  
Reactive Barrier ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

Permeable reactive barriers were developed for phosphorus removal. The barrier consists in an organic-inorganic hybrid material, which allows water and others species to flow through it, while selectively removes the contaminants. Polyethylene oxide (POE) and aluminium oxide (Al2O3) were used as the organic and the inorganic parts, respectively. The hybrid material was obtained by sol-gel reaction, using aluminium isopropoxide as inorganic percursor in order to attain Al2O3. The hybrid material produced was characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy and thermogravimetry. The previous tests for phosphorus removal have shown the effectiveness capacity of the developed material to remove it.

Characterization and Thermal Properties of Sol-Gel Processed PMMA/SiO2 Hybrid Materials

2008 ◽  
Vol 55-57 ◽  
pp. 749-752
Author(s):  
A. Buasri ◽  
K. Liangraksa ◽  
T. Sirisom ◽  
N. Tangkachalakul
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Materials ◽  
Hybrid Material ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Pure Pmma ◽  
Interesting Phenomenon ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Sem Image ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

Hybrid organic-inorganic materials were fabricated using sol-gel technique using poly(methyl methacrylate) and methacrylic acid 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl ester (MAMSE) with 90/10, 80/20 and 70/30 (%w/w) ratios with tetrahydrofuran (THF) solvent. The thin films were then characterized using FTIR spectra, SEM, DSC and TGA thermograms. From the preliminary characterization, the hybrid material was found to have nano and ultra scale tight pore ranges. FT-IR spectroscopy uncovered all the signature peaks characteristic of silicate structures in the near-surface regions. Fingerprints of Si-O-Si groups in cyclic and linear molecular substructures are present. The SEM image clearly shows that hybrid materials have homogenous and smooth surface. DSC analysis of the material shows interesting phenomenon regarding glass transition temperature (Tg). The hybrid material was found to have higher Tg than pure PMMA. From TGA analysis, the hybrid materials were observed to have higher thermal stability than pure PMMA.

scholarly journals Upconversion Properties of Nanocrystalline ZrO2:Yb3+, Er3+Phosphors

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iko Hyppänen ◽  
Jorma Hölsä ◽  
Jouko Kankare ◽  
Mika Lastusaari ◽  
Laura Pihlgren
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Synthesis ◽  
Upconversion Luminescence ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Ir Laser ◽  
Fluorite Type ◽  
Intense Luminescence ◽  
Crystallite Sizes ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Scherrer Formula ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

Combustion and sol-gel methods were used to prepare the upconverting nanocrystallineZrO2:Yb3+,Er3+phosphors. The crystal structure was studied by X-ray powder diffraction and the crystallite sizes were estimated with the Scherrer formula. Impurities and nanomaterials' thermal degradation were analyzed with FT-IR spectroscopy and thermal analysis, respectively. Upconversion luminescence and luminescence decays were studied with IR-laser excitation at 977 nm. All nanomaterials possessed the cubicZrO2fluorite-type structure except for a small monoclinic impurity obtained with the sol-gel method. The conventionalNO3−andOH−impurities were observed for the combustion synthesis products. TheZrO2:Yb3,Er3+nanomaterials showed red (630–710 nm) and green (510–570 nm) upconversion luminescence due to the4F9/2→4I15/2and(2H11/2,4S3/2)→4I15/2transitions ofEr3+, respectively. The products of the combustion synthesis exhibited the most intense luminescence intensity and showed considerable afterglow. It was concluded that excitation energy is partially trapped in the system and subsequently bleached thermally to the luminescentEr3+center to yield “persistent upconversion”.

Antifelting-Coating for Wool from PPD-[Si(OH)3]2 Agent via a Sol-Gel Process

2011 ◽  
Vol 233-235 ◽  
pp. 151-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Hu ◽  
Jin Qiang Liu ◽  
Chun Lei Xu
Keyword(s):  
Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Curing Temperature ◽  
Cure Process ◽  
Sol Gel Process ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Fiber Microstructure ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

A sol type anti-felting agent containing PPD-[Si(OH)3]2 synthesized and applied to the wool with pad-dry-cure process. The structure of the prepolymer was characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy and the film transparency and the fiber microstructure were proved though UV-vis analysis and WAXD. The results indicated that the coating could endow a better anti-felting effect with low curing temperature at 120°C and 3 min, the area shrinking rate from13.44% of the original fabric decrease to 2.86% of the treated samples without strength decreased and handle changed stiff seriously, which accord with the IWS Test Method 31 standard.

scholarly journals Role of Microorganisms in Permeable Reactive Bio-Barriers (PRBBs) for Environmental Clean-Up: A Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-280 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Gradient Flow ◽  
Permeable Reactive Barriers ◽  
Permeable Reactive Barrier ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Reactive Barrier ◽  
Reactive Barriers ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance ◽  
Reactive Media

It is an indisputable fact that any environmental clean-up technology generating certain kind of effective result would be easily supported. One of them includes Permeable reactive bio-barrier which is an innovative technology started from 90’s to treat a variety of contaminants along the natural gradient flow of groundwater through immobilization or transformation of pollutants into less toxic and harmful form. Despite of any broad acknowledgement, there are lesser known knowledge about use of microorganisms in permeable reactive barriers, mingling of microorganisms with other reactive media and their effect on each other’s reactivity. The current review deals with an overview of the types of reactive media used in Permeable Reactive Barriers (PRBs) as well as different bio-barriers (PRBBs) utilized for the treatment of various contaminants, long–term performance of permeable reactive barrier and combination of microorganism and reactive media to look forward for their symbiotic relationship in permeable reactive barrier for environmental remediation.

Use of a sol-gel processed polyvinyl alcohol/inorganic silica hybrid material to improve the surface strength of recycled fiber sheets

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
YI-DING SHEN ◽  
YAN-NA ZHAO ◽  
XIAO-RUI LI
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Hybrid Material ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Strength Development ◽  
Chemical Bonds ◽  
Surface Strength ◽  
Oxidized Starch ◽  
Recycled Fiber ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Tearing Strength

We successfully composed a hybrid material that comprises organic polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and inorganic silica (SiO2) through a sol–gel reaction with tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS). The hybrid material was characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR). The chemical results indicated there were chemical bonds between SiO2 and PVA. The handsheet testing showed that folding strength, tensile strength, tearing strength, and picking velocity were increased by 22.3%, 35%, 26%, and 26%, respectively, when the hybrid material was used at a coat weight of 61 g/m2. In addition, strength development of the hybrid increases by using an oxidized starch at a 3:1 addition ratio.

In‐Situ Treatment of Landfill Leachate with Permeable Reactive Barriers

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Boyes
Keyword(s):  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Permeable Reactive Barriers ◽  
Permeable Reactive Barrier ◽  
Hazardous Wastes ◽  
Food Wastes ◽  
Reactive Barrier ◽  
Viable Solution ◽  
Reactive Barriers

As precipitation percolates through a landfill, it comes in contact with decomposing waste ranging from food wastes to factory wastes even to hazardous wastes. That water can then leach elements from the wastes and become contaminated forming what is typically called landfill leachate. Leachate has the potential to cause many health problems if allowed to reach the groundwater and every effort is made to slow and minimize its effect. The most common way of dealing with leachate is to pump it out of the base of the landfill with a series of pipes and pumps, but what about the treatment of the leachate in‐situ through the use of a permeable reactive barrier? Is it a viable solution?

scholarly journals Remediation of 4-Nitroaniline by Plaster-Based Permeable Reactive Barriers Containing Zero Valent Iron (ZVI): Precast Plaster Retaining Wall Blocks for Environmental Applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
saliha boudia ◽  
farida fernane ◽  
patrick j sharrock ◽  
marina m.l. fiallo
Keyword(s):  
Retaining Wall ◽  
Retaining Walls ◽  
Permeable Reactive Barriers ◽  
Zero Valent Iron ◽  
Permeable Reactive Barrier ◽  
Chemical Degradation ◽  
Metal Particles ◽  
Environmental Applications ◽  
Reactive Barrier ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy

Abstract Permeable reactive barrier (PRB) containing zero valent iron (ZVI), plaster and additives to make a porous composite structure was tested to remove an organic nitro compound as model pollutant. An aqueous solution of 4-nitroaniline (PNA) was passed through a porous plaster composite column and chemical degradation quantified by UV-Vis spectroscopy. PNA was reduced to p-phenylenediamine and the rate of the reduction was strongly related to ZVI amount, pollutant volume, and the contact rate with metal particles. The parameters could be controlled by reactor design and operation. The columns were made to test the materials for making precast plaster blocks containing ZVI. The results showed that such porous plaster blocks could be efficient as retaining walls for environmental applications.

scholarly journals Structural, Morphological and Impedance Spectroscopic Analyses of Nano Li(Li0.05Ni0.4Co0.3Mn0.25)O2 Cathode Material Prepared by Sol-Gel Method

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-158
Author(s):  
A. Nichelson ◽  
S. Thanikaikarasan ◽  
Pratap Kollu ◽  
P. J. Sebastian ◽  
T. Mahalingam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cathode Material ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Chelating Agent ◽  
Diffusion Path ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Electrical Studies ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Gel Technique ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

In the present work, layered lithium rich Li(Li0.05Ni0.4Co0.3Mn0.25)O2 cathode materials were synthesized and its structural and electrical studies were analyzed. Layered Li(Li0.05Ni0.4Co0.3Mn0.25)O2 cathode material was prepared by sol-gel technique using citric acid as chelating agent. The prepared sample was characterized by X-ray diffraction, SEM-EDS studies. The crystallite size of the Li(Li0.05Ni0.4Co0.3Mn0.25)O2 cathode material was about 57 nm in which the diffusion path of lithium ion is effectively possible. The complexation behavior of prepared cathode material was analyzed by FT-IR spectroscopy. The electrical properties of the prepared Li(Li0.05Ni0.4Co0.3Mn0.25)O2 cathode material was studied by impedance and dielectric spectral analyzes. The maximum ionic conductivity of LiLi0.05Ni0.4Co0.3Mn0.25)O2 was found to be in the order of 10-3.4 S/cm. The dielectric analysis of cathode material confirms the non-Debye type behavior.

Alginate/Gelatin Sponges Composited with ZnO Sponge Effective Extensibility and Compressibility as a Wound Dressing for the Care of Fracture Surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1873-1880
Author(s):  
Yumei Wang ◽  
Huichao Fu ◽  
Ying Lin
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Human Fibroblasts ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Future Application ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Cell Construction ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

We designed and synthesized highly porous alginate and gelatin hydrogels with zinc oxide nanoparticles (AGZNPs) as dressings using sol–gel methods. The presence of functional groups and the surface characteristics of the as-synthesised dressings were analyzed via Fourier transforminfrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, while their morphology was studied via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Additionally, the mechanical, inflammatory, and antibacterial properties and biocompatibility of the AGZNPs were evaluated to determine the efficiency of these bandages for wound healing applications. The AGZNPs demonstrated enhanced inflammatory and antibacterial properties. The biocompatibility of the nanocomposites was investigated in noncancerous NIH3T3 human fibroblasts. Furthermore, in-vivo examinations showed that the composition of the synthesized AGZNPs enhanced wound healing and promoted rapid cell construction and growth. Therefore, the AGZNP strategy promotes the future application of these nanoformulation hydrogels for wound bandaging in fracture surgeries.

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