The Concept of Dumping Nickel Slag Processing with Preliminary Extraction of Metals

2021 ◽  
Vol 316 ◽  
pp. 576-581
Author(s):  
S.A. Layhan ◽  
A.A. Veselovsky
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Heterogeneous Structure ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Mechanical Preparation ◽  
Mineral Acids ◽  
Ore Minerals ◽  
Complex Utilization ◽  
Preliminary Extraction ◽  
Slag Processing

The present study considers various technological approaches to the processes of complex utilization of nickel slags with preliminary additional extraction of non-ferrous metals, iron, and ways of utilization of the obtained gangue. The valuable components are often produced from waste using the mineral acids or mixtures; the metals are extracted from acid solutions in a free form or in the form of compounds using electrochemical or chemical methods. Slag dumps have a heterogeneous structure and mineralization; the zone distribution of slag is clearly defined due to different cooling and solidification rates. The slag composition is mostly represented by dense low-porous varieties consisting of dark brown glass. The porous slag fragments are secondary. The third texture diversity in the composition of slag is represented by nodular and kidney-shaped particles. The diversity and size of the ore minerals is directly connected with the distribution of pores in slag. The major ways for utilization of nickel industrial waste are pyro-metallurgical and hydrometallurgical methods. In addition, each of the methods is usually preceded by the stage of mechanical preparation of the raw materials, where the techno-genic waste is crushed.

Processing Technogenic Raw Materials-Phosphorus Slags with the Production of Precipitated Nanosilica and Simultaneous Recovery of Valuable Components

2021 ◽  
Vol 316 ◽  
pp. 637-642
Author(s):  
Yelena G. Bochevskaya ◽  
Zaure B. Karshigina ◽  
Aynash S. Sharipova
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Nitric Acid Concentration ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Flow Sheet ◽  
Process Duration ◽  
Precipitated Silica ◽  
Component Content ◽  
Slag Processing ◽  
White Soot

The paper provides a flow sheet of the phosphorus slag processing to produce precipitated silica (white soot). The process conditions for opening phosphorus slag at the I stage of leaching have been selected: the nitric acid concentration is 3.5 mol/dm3; the ratio S:L = 1:3.5; the temperature is 60 oС; and the process duration is 1 hour. The parameters of the white soot production II stage have been determined: the HNO3 concentration is 6.5 mol/dm3; the ratio S:L = 1:3.5; the temperature is 50 oС; and the process duration is 1 hour. The temperature effect on the white soot structure and the specific surface have been established. At optimal process parameters, the white soot batches have been obtained with the main SiO2 component content of 88.2 and 90.5 %, and a specific surface of 170 and 182 m2/g, respectively. The through recovery of silicon into a commercial product is 98.0 % of its initial content in slag.

scholarly journals LOW- GRADE STRUCTURES OF NOBLE AND NON- FERROUS METALS AND METHODS OF THEIR SELECTIVE SEPARATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-169
Author(s):  
Tatyana ALEXANDROVA ◽  
◽  
Anastasia AFANASOVA ◽  
Nadezhda NIKOLAEVA ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Rare Metals ◽  
Flotation Process

There is a worldwide trend of increasing the share of extraction and processing of low-grade minerals, but their extraction and processing volumes are still low. There are several reasons for this: high mining and transportation costs, imperfect techniques and technological difficulties in enrichment and processing of refractory and low-quality minerals. Due to the depletion of reserves of easily beneficiated raw materials and to compensate for the growing shortage of high-quality minerals, the Russian mining industry development strategy provides for the involvement of new and unconventional types of deposits into production. Examples of such deposits are deposits of carbonaceous raw materials (black shale, refractory sulphide carbon-bearing ores, impactites, etc.) containing carbon of varying degrees of metamorphism. On the basis of the most modern mineralogical, physical, nuclear and chemical methods of research of composition, structure and properties of the carbonaceous raw materials at the micro- and nanolevel, the composition of the productive mineral matter, physical, chemical and thermodynamic laws of separation of valuable mineral components and the basic technological processes to obtain the finished product for valorization of the unconventional carbonaceous mineral raw materials were determined with maximum reliability. One of the possible reasons of difficulty of beneficiation of carbonaceous raw materials is the fine phenocrysts in graphite which can be solved by using the flotation process. Contrast of surface properties of minerals with similar technological properties can be increased by application of different energy effects (MEMI, MIO, microwave, electrochemical treatment etc.) at successive stages of raw material transformation, regulation of pulp conditioning conditions (duration and intensity of agitation, heat treatment of pulp) as well as by development and application of selective reagent regimes. The special feature of flotation as a method of extraction of noble and rare metals is the ability to extract valuable metals not only in their native free form, but also in close association with sulphides and carbon. Flotation with the use of intensifying influences made it possible to transfereven low-sized structures of noble and rare metals, which are not extracted by conventional methods of cyanidation, gravitation enrichment and amalgamation, into the concentrate. One of the ways to increase the efficiency of the flotation process is preliminary modification of the additive which is introduced in addition to the main reagents of the sinter - “carrier material”.

scholarly journals Development of Technology of Release of Iron and Its Oxidic Connections from Dump Steel-Smelting Slag

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sokhibjon Turdaliyevich Matkarimov ◽  
Anvar Abdullayevich Yusupkhodjayev ◽  
Bakhriddin Berdiyarov Berdiyarov
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Uv Spectroscopy ◽  
Modern Physic ◽  
Electronic Microscopy ◽  
Steel Smelting ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Granulometric Analysis ◽  
Smelting Slag ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
To Receive

In article questions of development low-waste technologies of processing of steel-smelting slag are considered, gland allowing by extraction and its connections from steel-smelting slag to receive additional raw materials for production became, and the remains to use in building industry. Studying of gravitational methods of enrichment of steel-smelting slag and heat treatment the ore-fuel of pellets is the basis for work. Proceeding from it, in work modern physic-mechanical, chemical and physical and chemical methods of researches (UV-spectroscopy, electronic microscopy, the granulometric analysis) are used.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of biogenic elements migration in case of complex utilization of bioorganic component of municipal solid waste

2021 ◽  
pp. 92-99
Author(s):  
V. Yu. Prykhodko ◽  
T. A. Safranov ◽  
T. P. Shanina
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Biogenic Elements ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Complex Utilization ◽  
Natural Cycles

Finding solutions to the problem of municipal solid waste management is impossible without involvement in the waste management system of the largest group of wastes – bioorganic waste, which form up to 60% of the municipal solid waste total mass. The aim of the article is to analyze the redistribution of biogenic elements subject to implementation of the Concept of solid municipal waste management by OSENU and subsequent utilization of bioorganic waste flow. Research methods include mass balance and equations of methane generation. The article presents the results of research on the biogenic elements migration in case of complex utilization of bioorganic component of municipal solid waste. The study shows that processing of easy-decomposed organic waste into a gaseous fermentation product and biomineral fertilizer allows full involvement of biogenic elements in natural cycles. The processed solid products present an additional source of organic matter and biogenic elements needed by soil. In the event of humus and nutrients shortage in soil the retrieved-from-waste fertilizer becomes an important secondary resource, containing up to 65% carbon and almost 100% nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. The rest of carbon is released with biogas and is eventually involved in natural cycles. Burial of such waste results in localization of biogenic elements in a landfill's body and gradual release of carbon with the products of destruction (27% over 50 years). All this data indicate the need for efficient use of such waste resource potential which is possible in case of easy-decomposed organic waste separation at the beginning of the municipal solid waste life cycle. Combustion releases only carbon in the form of carbon dioxide, the rest remains in ash. However, complex utilization of easy-decomposed organic waste ensures complete return of biogenic elements to the environment. Reuse of secondary raw materials in the form of paper and textile waste minimizes involvement in economic turnover of carbon from natural sources.

Application of Bonding Models to Sulfide Minerals

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Tossell ◽  
David J. Vaughan
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Valence Bond ◽  
Metal Sulfide ◽  
Sulfide Mineral ◽  
Sulfide Minerals ◽  
Crystalline Materials ◽  
Nickel Copper ◽  
Ore Minerals ◽  
Time Band

The sulfide minerals are a group of materials dominated by binary and ternary compounds of sulfur with iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, and lead. Other members of this group of naturally occurring crystalline materials incorporate a variety of cations (e.g., Mn2+, MO4 + , Ag+, Hg2+, Cr3 + , Sn4+, Pt4+) and several other anions (Se2-, Te2-, As2 - , Sb2-). The sulfides are not only the most important group of ore minerals, constituting the raw materials for most of the world’s supplies of nonferrous metals, but also are substances that exhibit a fascinating diversity in structural chemistry and in electrical, magnetic, and other physical properties (Ribbe, 1974; Vaughan and Craig, 1978). The sulfide minerals range in properties from materials that are diamagnetic insulators, forming virtually colorless crystals when pure (e.g., ZnS), to diamagnetic semiconductors (e.g., PbS), to semiconductors or metallic conductors exhibiting various forms of ordered magnetism (e.g., CuFeS2, Fe7S8, CoS2), and to metals exhibiting weak temperature-independent Pauli paramagnetism (e.g., Ni3S4, Co9S8). The diversity of sulfide properties indicates that the valence electrons in these materials can range from extensively delocalized as in metals, to localized on the atoms as in insulators. This has presented problems for those attempting to develop bonding models and has also led to certain misconceptions regarding the kinds of models that may be appropriate. Earlier attempts to develop qualitative bonding models for sulfide minerals have been reviewed by Vaughan and Craig (1978) and include applications of valence-bond theory (Pauling, 1970) and ligand-field theory (Nickel, 1968, 1970), zone theory (Freuh, 1954), and qualitative molecular- orbital/band models (Burns and Vaughan, 1970; Vaughan et al., 1971; Prewitt and Rajamani, 1974). At about the same time, band-structure calculations on some of the binary sulfides of importance in materials science were being performed by physicists, and certain of the data of mineralogical interest have been reviewed by Marfunin (1979). The mid- 1970s saw the first successful attempts to perform MO calculations on metal-sulfide mineral systems, and a substantial number of systems have since been studied (many having been reviewed by Vaughan and Tossell, 1983).

Material Composition of Technogenic Ores in Tails of Zhezkazgan Enrichment Factory (Central Kazakhstan)

2016 ◽  
Vol 858 ◽  
pp. 366-370
Author(s):  
Adilkhan Baibatsha ◽  
Kulyash Dyussembayeva ◽  
Alma Bekbotayeva
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Precious Metals ◽  
Microscopic Description ◽  
Reliable Source ◽  
Ore Minerals ◽  
Lead Zinc ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Extraction Of Metals ◽  
Copper Lead

Total reserves in tails in enrichment factories account for about 1.0 billion tons, and they contain copper, lead, zinc and precious metals. Therefore such tailings can be considered a major technological company and a reliable source of raw materials to build of processing company. We have studied the conditions of distribution and storage of tailings from enrichment plants. Microscopic description of the tailings material gave the following data. Chalcopyrite prevalent among the copper minerals covellite is most common in the second place, rare chalcocite, bornite, sphalerite, pyrite, arsenopyrite. The grain size of the sulfides is generally 0.01-0.03 mm. The sulfides are mainly quartz or fused to it. Rarely observed aggregates are covellite-bornite, chalcopyrite-covellite and chalcopyrite-bornite. However, not all sulphides ore sufficiently disclosed, most of them are located within grains the surrounding rocks. If disclosed ore minerals associated with grains of rocks less than 100 microns, they can be readily available for leaching. To increase the fullness of extraction of metals from sulfide located inside rock grains larger than 150-200 microns, additional measures for their opening.

Recent catalytic approaches to chemical synthesis from carbon feedstocks

2013 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 941-956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles S. Yeung
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Synthesis ◽  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Global Sustainability ◽  
Waste Production ◽  
Important Challenge ◽  
Direct Use ◽  
Biological Raw Materials ◽  
Increase Efficiency

Traditional organic synthesis is driven by the need for functional molecules. The development of green chemical methods, however, is an increasingly important challenge in the context of global sustainability. To this end, the direct use of abundant carbon feedstocks in synthesis (such as CO, CO2, methanol, arenes, alkanes, α-olefins, and biological raw materials) aims to minimize waste production and increase efficiency.

scholarly journals High-Temperature Fluidized Bed Processing of Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) as a Way to Recover Raw Materials

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5639
Author(s):  
Witold Żukowski ◽  
Amelia Kowalska ◽  
Jan Wrona
Keyword(s):  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Thermal Transformation ◽  
Heterogeneous Structure ◽  
Gaseous Emissions ◽  
Neodymium Magnet ◽  
Input Material ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Magnetic Enrichment ◽  
Plate Separator

This paper explores the effectiveness of metal recovery and values of gaseous emissions during thermal e-waste processing followed by magnetic separation. The thermal process of conversion of this kind of waste is difficult due to the uncertainty of the operation when compared to the processing of homogeneous materials. This is due to their complex and heterogeneous structure. The adoption of the fluidized bed reactor makes the process feasible, stabilizing it significantly and limiting emissions of harmful gases. Mobile cellphones were used as the raw input material of 450 g total mass. During the thermal transformation, the exhaust gases such as: CO, CO2, NOx, SO2, HCI, HBr, HCN, NH3, phenol, hydrocarbons, HF and COCI2 were analysed. The thermal treatment resulted in 333.6 g of solids in the fluidized bed. They were fragmented into grains smaller than 1 mm and 0.5 mm. The process of magnetic enrichment was used next on grains greater than 1 mm and smaller than 0.5 mm. The process was carried out using a neodymium magnet for particles >1 mm and a plate electromagnetic separator (powered by a three-phase current) together with a 1-disc tape-type separator, which was used for particles <1 mm. Such an approach resulted in the recovery of 81.9% of cobalt, 96.6% of iron and 99.2% of neodymium. The most efficient method of magnetic enriching (MS) proved to be the use of the electromagnetic plate separator.

scholarly journals Fluorammonium method of titanium slag processing

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 178-183
Author(s):  
A. N. Dmitriev ◽  
A. A. Smorokov ◽  
A. S. Kantaev ◽  
D. S. Nikitin ◽  
G. Yu. Vit’kina
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
World Market ◽  
High Reactivity ◽  
Titanium Slag ◽  
Iron Aluminum ◽  
Ammonium Hydrodifluoride ◽  
Pyrometallurgical Processing ◽  
Slag Processing ◽  
Modification Of Titanium

Titanium dioxide is the most common titanium-containing product on the world market, and the demand for it is increasing. The global consumption of TiO2 is 7 – 7.5 million tons annually. Titanium dioxide is mainly obtained from ilmenite and rutile concentrates. The largest producers are China, USA, Germany, UK, Mexico, and Saudi Arabia. In addition to the natural resources of titan, there are man-made sources. This type of resource includes titanium-containing slags obtained as a result of pyrometallurgical processing of ores and concentrates containing titanium dioxide. These slags, in addition to titanium dioxide, contain silicon in the form of dioxide, silicates or aluminosilicates, whose chemical processing is difficult due to their high melting point (more than 2000 °C) and the chemical stability of these compounds in mineral acids (sulfuric, nitric, hydrochloric). Processing of such raw materials is carried out by “classical” chlorine and sulfuric acid methods. The use of fluorides in industry is realized in the production of aluminum, zirconium, uranium, beryllium, niobium, etc., which indicates the possibility of using fluoride methods for titanium slags processing. The article discusses a method for producing titanium dioxide based on the use of ammonium hydrodifluoride NH4HF2 , which has a high reactivity to a number of chemically resistant oxides (oxides of silicon, titanium, aluminum, etc.). The fluoroammonium method for processing titanium slag using NH4HF2 involves slag decomposition of in NH4HF2 melt followed by silicon admixture sublimation. Cleaning from iron, aluminum and other impurities is carried out using a solution of NH4HF2. Further precipitation of titanium with treatment of the precipitate by AlCl3 and ZnCl2 solutions followed by calcination allows to obtain a rutile modification of titanium dioxide.

scholarly journals TO THE QUESTION OF THE GENESIS OF THE LIMESTONE OF THE GUIDIRIM AND SEVERIN DEPOSITS

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1(38)) ◽  
pp. 205-219
Author(s):  
E. N. Kravchenko ◽  
V. N. Kadurin ◽  
A. I. Shulman
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Cement Production ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
May Day ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Lithological Composition

Problem Statement and Purpose. In Transnistria, the deposits of Sarmatian-age limestone are explored and exploited. These minerals are used as raw materials for cement production, as well as for the production of buta and rubble. The issues of genesis and facial transitions of these deposits remain under-studied. Data & Methods. The purpose of this work is to determine the genetic affiliation of the limestone deposits of the Gidirim and Severin deposits on the basis of facial and chemical analysis. The materials of the research are the limestones of two deposits of Transnistria. The object is the limestone of the Sarmatian age of the deposits of Transnistria. The subject of the study is the lithological and paleontological characteristic, the chemical composition of these limestones. Research methods: topical; biofacial, computer processing with GIS – programs; Laboratory quality diagnostics, chemical and physical-chemical methods of quantifying the main components of carbonate rocks. Results. The geological conditions of the Severin and Gidirim deposits were studied, and the place of productive layers of deposits in the stratigraphic scheme of Transnistria was determined on the basis of the lithological and paleontological characteristics of the rocks. Limestones mined at the Gidirim field belong to the May Day retinue, and the limestone of Severinovsky belongs to the Bessarabian reefs. Chemical analysis of limestone samples extracted from the deposits was carried out and differences in the chemical composition of the limestone of these deposits were determined. The limestone deposits in the content of calcium carbonate are clean. The concentration of silicon dioxide in the samples of the Severin field is higher than in the samples of the Giderim field, the content of one-and-a-half oxides, on the contrary, in Severinovka – 0.68%, in samples of the Giderim field – 1.04%. Analysis of the lithological composition and fauna of limestones has made it possible to distinguish within the Middle-Sarmatian basin of sedimentopulation: (a) accumulation of biogenic-chemogenic limestone of the near shelf, b) biogenic precipitation of the transition zone (reefs), c) silicate-terrigenous formations of the far shelf. The variety of phased conditions in the basin is associated with the position of the coastline and the inflection of the bottom on the boundary of the near and far shelf. The limestone of the studied deposits was formed in two different facial environments: the chemogenic-carbonate and the transient, which is associated with the formation of a strip of Bessarabian reefs. The study of paleontological residues, lithology and chemical composition of rhypogenic limestone showed the autonomy of this environment, as it has features of sedimentogenesis and near and far shelf.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document