Research and GOOS

2003 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 42-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Worth D. Nowlin ◽  
Thomas C. Malone
Keyword(s):  
System Development ◽  
Coastal Hazards ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
User Needs ◽  
Operational Mode ◽  
Successful Development ◽  
Operational System ◽  
Operational Oceanography ◽  
User Groups ◽  
Ocean Observing

A Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS) is needed for: detecting and predicting climate variability and consequences, protecting and restoring healthy marine ecosystems, reducing human health risks, managing resources, facilitating safe and efficient marine operations, and predicting and mitigating against coastal hazards. To these ends, an operational system of integrated observations, data communications and management, and data analysis is being developed to serve the data and information requirements of a broad spectrum of user groups from industry, government, nongovernmental organizations, and academia. Successful development of a system that guarantees the continuous and sustained provision of useful information requires effective collaboration between the research and operational communities and between data providers and users to ensure that system development is user-driven and sustained in perpetuity. Development of GOOS requires a managed process that selectively incorporates, enhances, and supplements existing elements consistent with user needs. Successful transition of new elements from research to operational oceanography is a big step and is inherently difficult. It will require ongoing guidance from both data providers and users as well as cooperation and good will on the part of the research and operational groups involved. In some cases it may be necessary to transition new elements into the operational system prior to obtaining user acceptance because that acceptance may be obtained only after the usefulness of new products is demonstrated. A process that selectively migrates new knowledge and technology from research into an operational mode and promotes synergy between research and operational oceanography is described herein.

scholarly journals The current status of the real-time in situ Global Ocean Observing System for operational oceanography

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (sup2) ◽  
pp. s189-s200 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.M. Legler ◽  
H.J. Freeland ◽  
R. Lumpkin ◽  
G. Ball ◽  
M.J. McPhaden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Current Status ◽  
The Real ◽  
Operational Oceanography ◽  
Ocean Observing

Research on user needs for mobile information services in Chinese university libraries

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 617-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Zhao ◽  
Shengli Deng ◽  
Ting Gao ◽  
Ruoxin Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Information Content ◽  
Mobile Services ◽  
Information Services ◽  
User Needs ◽  
University Libraries ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mobile Information ◽  
User Groups ◽  
Mobile Information Services

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the service demand of existing users and potential users for mobile information services provided by university libraries in China. The primary objective is to explore the impact of user experience on user needs, which is conducted by a comparison between two user groups over their needs from three aspects – service function, service mode and information content. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from 353 library users from ten Chinese universities via questionnaires. Based on the user needs model, three dimensions of user needs were established for mobile information services and 26 measurement items were generated through a review of the literature. Furthermore, based on frequency analysis, independent samples t-test and the calculation of need rate, the demand differences in mobile information services between existing and potential users were explored. Findings Significant differences existed in the needs for service functions and service modes of mobile information services between existing users and potential users. Existing users cared more about such characteristics as intelligence, personalization and the variety of mobile services. Potential users, in contrast, concerned themselves more with the usability of mobile services and similarity to traditional information services. These two user groups showed little difference in the needs for information content, as they both have strict requirements for specialty, richness in and quality of information resources in mobile network environments. Originality/value Previous research on user needs for mobile libraries services has been primarily conducted from the perspectives of existing users. This study, however, compared the needs of existing and potential users based on their previous experiences, which can help libraries to know better what their users need and improve the quality of mobile information services to meet those needs. This can also make existing users more willing to use the services and cultivate the usage habits of potential users at the same time.

scholarly journals Consistency of the current global ocean observing systems from an Argo perspective

Ocean Science ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 547-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. von Schuckmann ◽  
J.-B. Sallée ◽  
D. Chambers ◽  
P.-Y. Le Traon ◽  
C. Cabanes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Heat Content ◽  
Deep Ocean ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Regional Variability ◽  
Tropical Ocean ◽  
Steric Sea Level ◽  
Ocean Observing ◽  
Ocean Observing Systems ◽  
Observing Systems

Abstract. Variations in the world's ocean heat storage and its associated volume changes are a key factor to gauge global warming and to assess the earth's energy and sea level budget. Estimating global ocean heat content (GOHC) and global steric sea level (GSSL) with temperature/salinity data from the Argo network reveals a positive change of 0.5 ± 0.1 W m−2 (applied to the surface area of the ocean) and 0.5 ± 0.1 mm year−1 during the years 2005 to 2012, averaged between 60° S and 60° N and the 10–1500 m depth layer. In this study, we present an intercomparison of three global ocean observing systems: the Argo network, satellite gravimetry from GRACE and satellite altimetry. Their consistency is investigated from an Argo perspective at global and regional scales during the period 2005–2010. Although we can close the recent global ocean sea level budget within uncertainties, sampling inconsistencies need to be corrected for an accurate global budget due to systematic biases in GOHC and GSSL in the Tropical Ocean. Our findings show that the area around the Tropical Asian Archipelago (TAA) is important to closing the global sea level budget on interannual to decadal timescales, pointing out that the steric estimate from Argo is biased low, as the current mapping methods are insufficient to recover the steric signal in the TAA region. Both the large regional variability and the uncertainties in the current observing system prevent us from extracting indirect information regarding deep-ocean changes. This emphasizes the importance of continuing sustained effort in measuring the deep ocean from ship platforms and by beginning a much needed automated deep-Argo network.

scholarly journals Dake Chen: unraveling the secrets of ocean–climate interaction

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Wang
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Dynamics ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Ocean Climate ◽  
Ocean Science ◽  
National Strategic Plan ◽  
Ocean Atmosphere Interaction ◽  
Atmosphere Interaction ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Ocean Observing

Abstract The ocean is a complex and mysterious system that attracts scientists around the world to unravel its secrets. Dake Chen, a distinguished physical oceanographer and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, is one of them. Since the mid-1980s, he has been studying ocean dynamics and ocean–atmosphere interaction, and has made seminal contributions to the understanding and prediction of short-term climate variability, especially the El Niño phenomenon. In a recent interview with NSR, Professor Dake Chen says that China has made significant progress in recent years in ocean research, but, in order to make breakthroughs in the field of oceanography, China needs to further expand the scope of research programs from coastal seas to open oceans, to greatly increase the investment in global ocean-observing systems and to pay more attention to fundamental scientific problems in addition to practical applications. He also calls for a better-defined national strategic plan for ocean science and technology.

scholarly journals Toward the widespread application of low-cost technologies in coastal ocean observing (Internet of Things for the Ocean)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARCO MARCELLI ◽  
VIVIANA PIERMATTEI ◽  
RICCARDO GERIN ◽  
FABIO BRUNETTI ◽  
ERMANNO PIETROSEMOLI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Communication Systems ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Coastal Ocean ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Widespread Application ◽  
Development Framework ◽  
Ocean Observing

The ability to access user-friendly, low-cost instrumentation remains a limiting factor in coastal ocean observing. The majority of currently available marine observation equipment is difficult to deploy, costly to operate, and requires specific technical skills. Moreover, a harmonized observation program for the world’s coastal waters has not yet been established despite the efforts of the global ocean organizations. Global observational systems are mainly focused on open ocean waters and do not include coastal and shelf areas, where models and satellites require large data sets for their calibration and validation. Fortunately, recent technological advances have created opportunities to improve sensors, platforms, and communications that will enable a step-change in coastal ocean observing, which will be driven by a decreasing cost of the components, the availability of cheap housing, low-cost controller/data loggers based on embedded systems, and low/no subscription costs for LPWAN communication systems. Considering the above necessities and opportunities, POGO’s OpenMODs project identified a series of general needs/requirements to be met in an Open science development framework. In order to satisfy monitoring and research necessities, the sensors to be implemented must be easily interfaced with the data acquisition and transmission system, as well as compliant with accuracy and stability requirements. Here we propose an approach to co-design a cost-effective observing modular instrument architecture based on available low-cost measurement and data transmission technologies, able to be mounted/operated on various platforms. This instrument can fit the needs of a large community that includes scientific research (including those in developing countries), non-scientific stakeholders, and educators.

The In situ Global Ocean Observing System for Climate (and Other Needs)

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-121
Author(s):  
Stephen R. Piotrowicz ◽  
David M. Legler
Keyword(s):  
Weather Forecasting ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Observation System ◽  
Ocean Management ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Weather And Climate ◽  
Ocean Observing

AbstractThe Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS) is the international observation system that ensures long-term sustained ocean observations. The ocean equivalent of the atmospheric observing system supporting weather forecasting, GOOS, was originally developed to provide data for weather and climate applications. Today, GOOS data are used for all aspects of ocean management as well as weather and climate research and forecasting. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), through the Climate Observation Division of the Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research/Climate Program Office, is a major supporter of the climate component of GOOS. This paper describes the eight elements of GOOS, and the Arctic Observing Network, to which the Climate Observation Division is a major contributor. In addition, the paper addresses the evolution of the observing system as rapidly evolving new capabilities in sensors, platforms, and telecommunications allow observations at unprecedented temporal and spatial scales with the accuracy and precision required to address questions of climate variability and change.

scholarly journals A Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS), Delivered Through Enhanced Collaboration Across Regions, Communities, and New Technologies

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Moltmann ◽  
Jon Turton ◽  
Huai-Min Zhang ◽  
Glenn Nolan ◽  
Carl Gouldman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Ocean Observing

Functional Classification System to Aid Contextual Design

2017 ◽  
Vol 2638 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikiforos Stamatiadis ◽  
Adam Kirk ◽  
Jeff Jasper ◽  
Samantha Wright
Keyword(s):  
Classification System ◽  
User Needs ◽  
Functional Classification ◽  
System Matrix ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Contextual Design ◽  
Matrix Cell ◽  
Balanced Designs ◽  
User Groups

A proposed functional classification system has been developed to address context and multimodal accommodation of the existing classification system. The proposed functional classification system is intended to facilitate optimal geometric design solutions while accounting for context, user needs, and functions. The new classification system communicates improved information to the designer so that balanced designs can be achieved through documented prioritization of roadway users. The proposed functional classification system identifies user groups, which include drivers, pedestrians, and bicyclists. Fundamental design elements for each mode are identified, and design ranges for each are provided according to the overall roadway network type. The correlation results of context, roadway types, and users are displayed in the expanded functional classification system matrix, allowing for the development of a multimodal, context-based design with some degree of flexibility. Each matrix cell defines the various users (drivers, bicyclists, and pedestrians) and identifies those characteristics to be balanced.

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