DEVELOPMENT OF TIPHODYTES GERRIPHAGUS (HYMENOPTERA: SCELIONIDAE) IN LIMNOPORUS DISSORTIS EGGS (HEMIPTERA: GERRIDAE)

1999 ◽  
Vol 131 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
João M. Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Host Feeding ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
Pupal Period ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Preimaginal Development ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Mandible Length

AbstractInvestigations of preimaginal development in Tiphodytes gerriphagus Marchal reveal two larval instars, based on counting exuviae and comparing mandible length during development within Limnoporus dissortis Drake & Harris eggs. Tiphodytes gerriphagus eggs are stalked, as is typical of scelionids, and are 282.6 ± 3.48 μm (mean ± SE) long. The chorion ruptures at 8–9 h postoviposition and releases a nonfeeding embryo into the host. Feeding begins at 18–20 h postoviposition, after the embryonic cuticle is shed and a fully differentiated and active larva is released. The first larval stage is teleaform and lasted up to 5 days postoviposition, and its total length increased from 183.6 ± 3.35 to 517.0 ± 14.67 μm. The second larval stage is hymenopteriform and lasted from 5 to 13 days postoviposition, and grew from 920.2 ± 24.65 to 1352.4 ± 11.89 μm total length before pupating. The pupal period lasted about 11 days, with male pupae being shorter and thinner than female pupae. These findings differ from previous descriptions of T. gerriphagus, and it is suspected that the first instar was mistakenly divided into two stadia. The sex ratio under laboratory conditions was female biased (22% males), and males were smaller but did not emerge significantly earlier than females.

scholarly journals Biology of Coccinella transversalis Muls. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

2005 ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Brenda Balbarino ◽  
Maria Juliet Ceniza
Keyword(s):  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Developmental Period ◽  
Aphis Craccivora ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
Black Bean ◽  
Pupal Period ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Development Period ◽  
Coccinella Transversalis ◽  
Black Bean Aphid

The biology of Coccinella tranversalis reared on black bean aphid, Aphis craccivora was studied in the laboratory. The beetle passed through the egg, 4 larval instars, pupa and adult stages. The eggs were spindle-shaped and had an incubation of 2-3 days with an average of 2.85 days. The larvae which were typically black with orange bands or tinge on the methoracic region and some part of the abdomen had a total development period of about 6-9 days, with an average of 7.27 days. The pupal period lasted for about 3-4 days, or 3.83 days on the average. The total developmental period from egg to adult emergence took about 13-15 days. The adults which were typically red orange with black inverted v markings on the elytra lived for an average of 51.34 days. The female laid an average of 1000 eggs under laboratory conditions.

THE GENUS OMOPHRON LATREILLE (COLEOPTERA: CARABIDAE): REDESCRIPTION OF THE LARVAL STAGE AND PHYLOGENETIC CONSIDERATIONS

1984 ◽  
Vol 116 (11) ◽  
pp. 1557-1569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-François Landry ◽  
Yves Bousquet
Keyword(s):  
Larval Stage ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Labial Palp ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Generic Description

AbstractA revised generic description of the three larval instars of Omophron is presented. Hypothetical apotypic character states of the genus are: bidentate retinaculum; lacinia subequal in length to galea and apically subspatulate; ligula as long as labial palp; pore LAa located on ligula and seta LA6 on basal third of ligula; setae TI2* and TI7* of middle and hind tibiae located basally; setae UN1 and UN2 flat and about 1.5 times the length of claws; presence of serially paired gland-like structures on abdominal pleura I–VII; hypopleurites not apparent in first instar; apex of urogomphi extended as a small hyaline appendix in first instar; setae PY1, PY2, and PY6 on the pygidium absent. Most of these character states are autapotypic, and no synapotypies were found to indicate a sister group to Omophron.

LIFE HISTORY AND ECOLOGY OF HOROGENES CHRYSOSTICTOS GMELIN (HYMENOPTERA, ICHNEUMONIDAE), A PARASITE OF EPHESTIA SERICARIUM SCOTT (LEPIDOPTERA, PHYCITIDAE)

1959 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roderick C. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Host Finding ◽  
Ephestia Cautella ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
Adult Behavior ◽  
Achroia Grisella ◽  
Preimaginal Development ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Common Parasite

Horogenes chrysostictos Gmelin, a common parasite of lepidopterous larvae, was reared in the laboratory in larvae of Ephestia cautella Walk., E. elutella Walk., E. sericarium Scott, Hofmannophila pseudospretella Staint., Endrosis sarcitrella L., Galleria mellonella L., and Achroia grisella Fab. The size and coloration of the adult and period of preimaginal development are regulated by the size and species of the host and environmental temperature. The duration of the egg stage and of the five larval instars are recorded over the viable temperature range. Characters are given which distinguish the first and fifth larval instars from those of Nemeritis canescens Grav., also a parasite of E. sericarium, and the rates of development of both species are compared over the range 15° to 30 °C. H. chrysostictos develops more quickly at all temperatures. Its sex ratio is usually 3 males: 2 females; the reproductive potential is highest at 25 °C with a mean of 39.4 progeny per female. The adult behavior in mating, host finding, and oviposition is described. Two modes of combat occur between supernumerary larvae in competition for the possession of their host: fighting with the mandibles between young first instar larvae, and combat by humoral inhibition which occurs between young first instar larvae and those in later instars. In both cases the older parasite survives competition.

BIONOMICS AND PATTERN OF ATTACK OF THE RED PINE SHOOT MOTH, DIORYCTRIA RESINOSELLA (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE), IN WISCONSIN

1983 ◽  
Vol 115 (9) ◽  
pp. 1169-1175 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Hainze ◽  
D. M. Benjamin
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Head Capsule ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Flight Period ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
Shoot Borer ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
Third Instar Larvae

AbstractThe bionomics of the red pine shoot moth, Dioryctria resinosella Mutuura, a newly described species of shoot borer in red pine, Pinus resinosa Ait., were investigated in Wisconsin sand plains plantations. The appearance of eggs, larvae, pupae, and adults are described. Head-capsule measurements indicated five larval instars. First-instar larvae overwintered in hibernacula. Shoot feeding was generally initiated by third-instar larvae in late May. Cones also were attacked. Pupation occurred in July. The flight period extended from mid-July to mid-September. The sex ratio was 0.53. Only red pine shoots and cones were attacked in a mixed pine stand. Infestation rates were highest along plantation edges, in the top half of the crown and in plantations greater than 20 years of age. Hyssopus rhyacioniae Gahan occurred most frequently among parasitoids reared from larvae and pupae.

Life History of Choristoneura lambertiana subretiniana Obraztsov (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) Attacking Lodgepole Pine

1965 ◽  
Vol 97 (7) ◽  
pp. 684-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Stark ◽  
J. H. Borden
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Ponderosa Pine ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
Pupal Period ◽  
First Instar ◽  
History Of

AbstractThe life history of a tortricid cone moth Choristoneura lambertiana subretiniana Obraztsov in California is described. The larvae feed primarily on staminatc flowers and cones of lodgepole pine although some needle- and tip-mining occurs. The only other recorded host is ponderosa pine.Eggs are deposited in late July to early August; first-instar larvae migrate from the needles to protected locations on the branches and spin hibernacula. The larvae overwinter predominantly as second-instar larvae in the hibernaculum. They emerge from the hibernacula in April, and mature in four to six weeks. There are six larval instars. The pupal period lasts approximately two weeks; adult emergence begins in mid-July and extends through the end of August.

The Hydraenidae of Cuba (Insecta: Coleoptera) II: Morphology of preimaginal stages of six species and notes on their biology

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4238 (4) ◽  
pp. 451 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALBERT DELER-HERNÁNDEZ ◽  
JUAN A. DELGADO
Keyword(s):  
Instar Larva ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Preimaginal Stages ◽  
First Time ◽  
Third Instar Larvae

Preimaginal stages of the six species of Hydraenidae presently known from Cuba were obtained by rearing adults in the laboratory. Eggs of Hydraena perkinsi Spangler, 1980, H. decui Spangler, 1980 and H. franklyni Deler-Hernández & Delgado, 2012 are described and illustrated for the first time. The first instar larva of Gymnochthebius fossatus (LeConte, 1855) is redescribed, adding some new remarkable morphological characters including what could be the first abdominal egg-burster reported for this family. All larval instars of H. perkinsi, H. guadelupensis Orchymont, 1923 and Ochthebius attritus LeConte, 1878 are described and illustrated for the first time, with a special emphasis on their chaetotaxy. The second instar larva of G. fossatus along with first and third instar larvae of H. decui and H. franklyni are also studied for the first time. The pupal morphology and vestiture of a species belonging to the genus Hydraena are described for the first time, based on the pupa of H. perkinsi. Biological notes for several preimaginal stages of the studied species are also given. 

scholarly journals Inheritance of Antibiosis Resistance to the Dectes Stem Borer, Dectes texanus, in Soybean PI165673

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 738
Author(s):  
Lina M. Aguirre-Rojas ◽  
Lawrent L. Buschman ◽  
Brian McCornack ◽  
William T. Schapaugh ◽  
Erin D. Scully ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Plant Introduction ◽  
Lower Number ◽  
Soybean Plant ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Antibiosis Resistance

Dectes texanus larvae girdles the stems of soybean and cultivated sunflowers causing significant yield losses in North America. The soybean Plant Introduction (PI) 165673 exhibits antibiosis resistance to the larval stage. The objectives of this study were: (1) to determine the inheritance of D. texanus resistance in PI165673; (2) evaluate PI165673 antibiosis resistance before 21 d post infestation; (3) evaluate girdling damage in PI16563 at the end of the season. K07-1544/PI165673 F2 and F2:3 populations were tested for resistance to D. texanus in 2011 and 2012, and PI165673 antibiosis resistance and girdling damage were evaluated in 2014. Segregation for resistance to D. texanus and heritability estimates in the F2 and F2:3 populations indicated that resistance was controlled by two genes with dominant and recessive epistasis. Antibiosis evaluations indicated: (1) PI165673 contained lower number of larvae and eggs relative to the number of oviposition punctures at 15 d post infestation; (2) the proportion of first-instar larvae was higher in PI165673 at 15 d post infestation; (3) larvae reach the sixth-instar stage in PI165673. None of the PI165673 plants were girdled at the end of the season. Identification of additional sources of D. texanus resistance is required to impair larval development in the stem.

Age, Growth and Sex Ratio of the Azorean Rock-Pool Blenny, Parablennius Sanguinolentus Parvicornis

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 751-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Serrão Santos ◽  
Richard D. M. Nash ◽  
Stephen J. Hawkins
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Growth Function ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Reproductive Season ◽  
First Year ◽  
Von Bertalanffy ◽  
Rock Pool ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Von Bertalanffy Growth Function ◽  
One Year

The age and population structure of Parablennius sanguinolentus parvicornis (Valenciennes) (Pisces: Blenniidae) from the Azores have been studied. Total length and weight relationships are given for each sex. Age study was based on otoliths readings. The von Bertalanffy growth function was applied to describe the growth in total length with age. At the end of the first year mean (±SD) total length was significantly different in males (7.1 ±1.5 cm) and females (6.1 ±1.2 cm). One-year-old males participate in reproduction as satellites, whereas females do not. The implications of this in early growth rate of the males is discussed. During the two most important months of the reproductive season (i.e. June and July), the sex ratio was significantly biased towards males, particularly in the larger size classes.

CHAETOPHLEPSIS NASELLENSIS, A DIPTEROUS PARASITOID OF THE WESTERN HEMLOCK LOOPER (LEPIDOPTERA: GEOMETRIDAE)

1977 ◽  
Vol 109 (8) ◽  
pp. 1121-1128
Author(s):  
Richard D. Medley ◽  
V. M. Carolin
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Instar Larva ◽  
Western Hemlock ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Western Hemlock Looper ◽  
Lambdina Fiscellaria Lugubrosa ◽  
Hemlock Looper

AbstractPreserved material from 1962 field studies provided information on the habits and morphology of the tachinid parasitoid Chaetophlepsis nasellensis Reinhard. Parasitization of the larvae of the western hemlock looper, Lambdina fiscellaria lugubrosa (Hulst), continues over a 30- to 40-day period. Maggots issue from the host larvae and drop to the ground to pupate. The pupae normally overwinter, with adults emerging the following spring or summer. The early first-instar larva differs markedly from the late first-instar. The three instars can be distinguished on the basis of body length and the structure and form of the buccopharyngeal apparatus. The first and third larval instars and the puparium are distinctive enough to permit easy identification during studies of the western hemlock looper and associated loopers.

scholarly journals Hubungan panjang bobot dan faktor kondisi ikan wader bintik dua Barbodes binotatus (Valenciennes, 1842) di Sungai Barambai Samarinda Kalimantan

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 87 ◽  
Author(s):  
. Jusmaldi ◽  
Nova Hariani
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Condition Factor ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Weight Relationship ◽  
Total Length ◽  
East Kalimantan ◽  
Fish Samples

Biology of the spotted barb Barbodes binotatus (Valenciennes, 1842) in Barambai River, east Kalimantan is unknown. This study aimed to analyses sizes of fish, sex ratio, length-weight relationship and condition factor of the spotted barb. A total of 347 fish samples were collected by several gears in Barambai River from August to October 2017. The results of this research showed that the total length of the fish ranged from 45.67 to 146.01 mm and weight ranged from 1.27-43.34 g. The sex ratio of male and female were 1:1.12. The length-weight equations for males was W = 1x10-5 L3.063, W = 8x10-6L3.108 for females, and W = 9 x 10-6 L3.091 for both sexes. The condition factor (K) for the spotted barb was ranged between 0.826 – 2.214 with mean value of 1.163.  AbstrakBiologi ikan wader bintik dua Barbodes binotatus (Valenciennes, 1842) di Sungai Barambai, Kalimantan Timur belum diketahui. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis ukuran ikan, nisbah kelamin, hubungan panjang bobot, dan faktor kon-disi. Total 347 sampel ikan dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan berbagai alat tangkap di Sungai Barambai dari bulan Agustus sampai Oktober 2017. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa panjang total ikan berkisar dari 45,67 sampai 146,01 mm dan bobot tubuh berkisar 1,27- 43,34 gram. Nisbah kelamin jantan dan betina 1: 1,12. Model hubungan panjang bobot ikan jantan W = 1x10-5 L3,063, ikan betina W = 8x10-6L3,108,dan keseluruhan jenis ikan W =  9 x 10-6  L3,091. Faktor kondisi (K) ikanwader bintik dua berkisar antara 0,826 - 2,214 dan rata-rata 1,163. 

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