CLASSIFICATION OF THE FOSSORIAL, PREDACEOUS AND PARASITIC WASPS, OR THE SUPERFAMILY VESPOIDEA

1900 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 295-296
Author(s):  
William H. Ashmead
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Parasitic Wasps ◽  
Longitudinal Ridge ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Old Trees ◽  
Stone Walls

The majority of the species falling in this subfamily are usually smaller and much less conspicuous than those in the other subfamilies, and with totally different habits. None are true diggers, but, on the contrary, build small oblong, or oval, clay cells, beneath the loose bark of old trees, under stones, or in crevices in old stone walls, etc., not unlike some of the Potter wasps (Eumenidœ).The group comes evidently nearest to the Pepsinœ, the females having, as in that group, a transverse grooved line, impression or emargination on the second ventral segment. From that group, however, it is at once separated by the difference in the legs, the hind tibiæ being smooth, never serrate or spinous, or with a longitudinal ridge, but, at the most, with only a few very minute, scarcely perceptible spines.

scholarly journals Ground beetles (Carabidae) from slopes of Macošská stráň and Vilémovická stráň (Protected landscape area of Moravský kras, Czech Republic)

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Niedobová ◽  
Vladimír Hula ◽  
Pavla Šťastná
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Endangered Species ◽  
Threatened Species ◽  
Ground Beetles ◽  
Red List ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Group A

Collecting of Carabidae was conducted using pitfall traps at four sites. The first two sites (T1 + T2) were at the slope of Macošská stráň and the other two sites (T3 + T4) at the slope of Vilémovická stráň. The study was done in 2008 and 2009. At Macošská stráň in 2008, 21 species of Carabidae with the total number of 228 individuals were found and in 2009, 18 species of the total number of 116 specimens were collected. At Vilémovická stráň in 2008, 22 species of Carabidae with the total number of 1977 specimens were found and in 2009, 21 species of the total number of 623 specimens were caught. In terms of classification of relictness, Macošská stráň in 2008 was dominated by species of adaptable group A (60%), species of eurytop group (E) were represented by 35% and of relic group (R) by 5%. In 2009, the same representation of species of groups A and E (47%) were found and the species of group R were represented by 6%. Vilémovická stráň in 2008 was dominated by species of group A (52%), species of group E were represented by 43% and of group R by 5%. In 2009 also dominated species of group A (54%), species of group E were represented by 41% and of group R by 5%. In the studied area we reported four endangered species of Carabidae protected by Law (No. 395/1992 Coll.) as amended, these were Calosoma auropunctatum (critically endangered), Brachinus crepitans, Carabus ullrichii and Cicindela campestris (endangered) and two species listed under the Red List of Threatened Species of the Czech Republic (Veselý et al., 2005). One of the species is listed as vulnerable (Calosoma auropunctatum) and one as near endangered (Carabus cancellatus). Another significant species found on the monitored sites was Aptinus bombarda.

Effects of Handedness and Script Types on Visual-Field Differences in the Mental Addition Task

1996 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 367-376
Author(s):  
Kazuhito Yoshizaki ◽  
Takeshi Hatta ◽  
Kumiko Toyama
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
The Other ◽  
Right Visual Field ◽  
Cerebral Lateralization ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Mental Addition ◽  
Addition Task ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Difference

The effects of handedness and script types on the difference in performance in a mental addition task by visual field were examined. Right-handers, nonfamilial left-handers, and familial left-handers who were all native speakers of Japanese were asked to add two numbers presented in the visual half-fields tachistoscopically. The two numbers were displayed either to one visual field (left or right visual field) or to the center. The numbers were displayed in Arabic, in Kanji, or in Arabic and Kanji numerals (one in Arabic and the other in Kanji: Mixed stimuli). The subjects were asked to add the two numbers and to state the sum orally. In the righthanders group, a right visual-field advantage was found for the Arabic condition but not for the Kanji or Mixed stimuli. On the other hand, in the nonfamilial and familial left-handers group, no visual-field difference in any of the conditions was found. These findings suggest that pattern of cerebral lateralization for familial and nonfamilial left-handers is the same but it is different from that of right-handers.

scholarly journals THE CULTIVATION OF TRICHOMONAS OF THE HUMAN MOUTH (TETRATRICHOMONAS HOMINIS)

1917 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tokuzo Ohira ◽  
Hideyo Noguchi
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Cell Body ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Deep Groove ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Difference

Trichomonades from the mouth were studied by Steinberg who proposed to group them into three distinct types; namely, Trichomonas elongata, Trichomonas caudata, and Trichomonas flagellata. Doflein (3) regards them as probably identical with Trichomonas hominis. Opinions differ as to whether or not Trichomonas vaginalis Donné and Trichomonas hominis Grassi are the same species. Lynch, for instance, believes that they are the same species, while von Prowazek (4), Bensen (5), and others (6, 7) insist that they are different types. Bensen's view seems to be well supported by the difference alleged to be found between the mode of encystment in the two trichomonades, were it not for the fact that our knowledge about the so called cyst of trichomonades is still obscure. According to Alexeieff (8) many of the so called cysts were evidently blastomyces contained in the cell body of the trichomonas. An autogamy alleged to take place in cysts as described by Bohne and von Prowazek (9) has not been confirmed by Dobell (10). And Wenyon (11) contends that it has never been found possible to produce any development of these cysts outside the body on the warm stage as can be done with the cysts of Entamœba coli. Therefore, it is still premature to take the process of encystment into consideration as far as the classification of trichomonas is concerned. On the other hand, Rodenwaldt (12) seems to think that there are many species of trichomonas in the human intestines, and Wenyon has described a new trichomonas from the human intestines (Macrostoma mesnili Wenyon). Further cultural studies in the morphology and biology of these organisms must be carried out in order to solve these problems. In the light of modern investigations there are five subgenera to be included under the genus Trichomonas Donné. They are as follows: (1) Protrichomonas Alexeieff, with three anterior flagella, without an undulating membrane. (2) Trichomastix Biitschli) with three anterior flagella and a trailing flagellum (Schleppgeissel) without an undulating membrane. (3) Trichomonas Donné, with three anterior flagella and an undulating membrane. (4) Macrostoma Alexeieff, Amend, Wenyon (11), with three anterior flagella and an undulating membrane wedged in a deep groove (peristome). (5) Tetratrichomonas Parisi (13), with four anterior flagella and an undulating membrane. As far as our culture trichomonas from the human mouth is concerned, it has been shown that it is not strictly a trichomonas and that it should be classed under the subgenus Tetratrichomonas.

scholarly journals Verification of the Spectral Classification of Stars Using the Hipparcos Catalogue

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Deb ◽  
P. Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Absolute Magnitude ◽  
Interstellar Extinction ◽  
Statistical Technique ◽  
The Other ◽  
Spectral Classification ◽  
Intrinsic Nature ◽  
Hipparcos Catalogue ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Rule Out

AbstractThe spectral classifications of the stars from spectral data have been corrected from time to time and new spectral and luminosity classes have been assigned. Identifying stars with wrong spectral and luminosity classification has been a stupendous task from the huge catalogue of stars. In this work we describe a simple statistical technique to identify stars with wrong spectral and luminosity classification. We make use of the Hipparcos catalogue which has the most accurate measurement of the distance d of the stars. A comparison is made between the absolute V magnitudes MV computed using the observed V magnitude mV and d, with the standard absolute magnitude MV0 assigned to a spectral and luminosity classification for a large number of stars (with d < 100 pc). As expected, for most of the stars the difference between MV and MV0 lies within the range ±2 mag, due to the intrinsic nature of each star ignored in this generalisation. A systematic error analysis is made of all the observable used in the computation. Therefore to identify stars which we suspect to be wrongly classified, we look for abnormal deviation in |MV – MV0| ≥5. The location of these stars with respect to the galactic plain and interstellar extinction is also investigated to rule out effects due to variations in the interstellar extinction. From our results we see that some of the stars were indeed wrongly classified and have recently been reclassified (SIMBAD). The reclassification drastically reduces the |MV – MV0| deviation. The other stars in the list which have not yet been reclassified need to be spectroscopically investigated and classified again.

How Pharmacists are Rated as a Source of Drug Information by Physician Assistants

1986 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 379-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack E. Fincham
Keyword(s):  
Information Sources ◽  
Drug Information ◽  
Physician Assistants ◽  
The Other ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Coefficient Of Concordance ◽  
The Difference

A study to examine physician assistants' (PAs) views of drug information sources was undertaken in a sample of practicing PAs in Georgia. Analysis of Kendall's coefficient of concordance statistic indicated Pharm.D.s were ranked highest as being good sources of drug information of the six categories listed. Next in descending order of classification as good sources of drug information were the categories of journal articles, physicians, non-Pharm.D. pharmacists, detail persons, and physician assistants. A significant correlation was found between PA contact with pharmacists and the classification of pharmacists as good sources of drug information. The difference in rating between Pharm.D.s and journal articles and physicians was not significantly different, but the rating differences between these categories and each of the other sources were statistically significant. Pharm.D. pharmacists were rated higher as a source of drug information than were non-Pharm.D. pharmacists. Results indicate pharmacists are viewed positively as sources of drug information for PAs, and that view increases with contact with pharmacists.

scholarly journals Occupational structure of bearers of Jewish rabbinical, occupational and generic surnames

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 971
Author(s):  
Alexander Jonathan Vidgop ◽  
Nelly Norton ◽  
Nechama Rosenberg ◽  
Malka Haguel-Spitzberg ◽  
Itzhak Fouxon
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Occupational Structure ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Standard Classification ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Study Choice

We study choice of profession in three groups of Russian-speaking Jewish families with different occupational distributions of the ancestors. This study continues exploration of the persistence of social status of families over centuries that was initiated in recent years. It was found previously that in some cases professions remain associated with the same surnames for many generations. Here the studied groups are defined by a class of the surname of individuals composing them. The class serves as a label that indicates a professional bias of the ancestors of the individual. One group are the bearers of the class of surnames which were used by rabbinical dynasties. The other group is constituted by occupational surnames, mostly connected to crafts. Finally, the last group are generic Jewish names defined as surnames belonging to neither of the above groups. We use the self-collected database that consists of 858 and 1057 of the first two groups, respectively, and 7471 generic Jewish surnames. The statistics of the database are those of individuals drawn at random from the considered groups. We determine shares of members of the groups working in a given type of occupations together with the confidence interval. The occupational type’s definition agrees with International Standard Classification of Occupations. It is demonstrated that there is a statistically significant difference in the occupational structure of the three groups that holds beyond the uncertainty allowed by 95% confidence interval. We quantify the difference with a numerical measure of the overlap of professional preferences of different groups. We conclude that in our study the occupational bias of different population groups is preserved at least for two centuries that passed since the considered surnames appeared.

scholarly journals Occupational structure of bearers of Jewish rabbinical, occupational and generic surnames

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 971
Author(s):  
Alexander Jonathan Vidgop ◽  
Nelly Norton ◽  
Nechama Rosenberg ◽  
Malka Haguel-Spitzberg ◽  
Itzhak Fouxon
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Social Status ◽  
The Other ◽  
Occupational Structure ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Standard Classification ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Study Choice

We study choice of profession in three groups of Russian-speaking Jewish families with different occupational distributions of the ancestors. This study continues exploration of the persistence of social status of families over centuries that was initiated in recent years. It was found previously that in some cases professions remain associated with the same surnames for many generations. Here the studied groups are defined by a class of the surname of individuals composing them. The class serves as a label that indicates a professional bias of the ancestors of the individual. One group are the bearers of the class of surnames which were used by rabbinical dynasties. The other group is constituted by occupational surnames, mostly connected to crafts. Finally, the last group are generic Jewish names defined as surnames belonging to neither of the above groups. We use the database that consists of 858 and 1057 of the first two groups, respectively, and 7471 generic Jewish surnames. The statistics of the database are those of individuals drawn at random from the considered groups. We determine shares of members of the groups working in a given type of occupations together with the confidence interval. The occupational type’s definition agrees with International Standard Classification of Occupations. It is demonstrated that there is a statistically significant difference in the occupational structure of the three groups that holds beyond the uncertainty allowed by 95% confidence interval. We quantify the difference with a numerical measure of the overlap of professional preferences of different groups. We conclude that in our study the occupational bias of different population groups is preserved at least for two centuries that passed since the considered surnames appeared.

Upgrading the Local: Belgian Cuisine in Global Waves

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
peter scholliers ◽  
anneke geyzen
Keyword(s):  
Local Food ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Difference

This essay touches upon questions about the use of food as an identity marker, the nature of local food, and the influence of foreign food. Since 1830, Belgium witnessed two international food waves that alternated with two local food waves, both opposing as well as using each other's characteristics. In this process, local food was continuously redefined. Belgium reveals a relationship between local and foreign food both in the sense of incorporation and exclusion. Foreign food always influenced local cooking and eating. The opposition between the ““self”” and the ““other”” is at times strongly upheld: local food is labeled as ““our,”” ““authentic,”” ““national,”” or ““regional”” (the ““self””) to make the difference with ““their,”” ““artificial,”” or ““international”” (the ““other””). This classification of foodways as national/regional is used to forge sentiments of belonging, especially in Belgium where strong separatist political feelings lead to intense regional reactions.

A Comparative Study of Lignocaine, Pethidine, Ketamine and Placebo for Prevention of Pain on Propofol Injection

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
Shagufta Naaz ◽  
Erum Ozair ◽  
Adil Asghar
Keyword(s):  
Saline Group ◽  
Good Choice ◽  
The Other ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Hepatic Diseases ◽  
Reduction Of Pain ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B

Background: Pain caused by propofol injection is a common occurrence. Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare and evaluate the efficacy of three drugs, lignocaine, pethidine and ketamine for prevention of pain during propofol injection. Materials and Methods: This double blind, placebo-controlled, parallel multi-arm study was done after written informed consent and ethics clearance. Hundred patients of ASA I and II, 18-65 years of age, and with body mass index 18-30 kg/m2 were included. Exclusion criteria were significant cardiovascular or hepatic diseases, renal insufficiency, and a history of allergy to the study drugs. Group A (Normal Saline), Group B (Ketamine 25 mg), Group C (Lignocaine 20 mg) and Group D (Pethidine 25 mg) were pre-treated with 2 ml of the study agents before propofol injection. The primary outcome was the incidence of pain with propofol injection and the secondary outcomes were the induction time, pain scores at various time intervals, the incidence of recall of pain after surgery, haemodynamic changes and adverse effects. Results: There were highly significant differences (p<0.001) in the incidences of pain during propofol injection in group A and the other three groups. The difference in incidence of pain was also significant between Group C and other groups. The differences in the pain scores (p<0.001) and recall of pain (p<0.05) between group A and the other three groups were significant. Conclusion: Lidocaine may be considered as a good choice for the purpose of reduction of pain during propofol injection.

scholarly journals Perceptual, semantic and affective dimensions of experience of abstract and representational paintings

Psihologija ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slobodan Markovic
Keyword(s):  
Color Space ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hedonic Tone ◽  
Perceptual Dimension ◽  
Affective Dimension ◽  
Opposite Pole ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Semantic Dimension ◽  
Affective Dimensions

In this study the difference between representational and abstract paintings in judgments on perceptual, semantic and affective dimensions was investigated. Two groups of participants judged the sets of representational and abstract paintings on three groups of dimensions: perceptual (Form, Color, Space and Complexity), semantic (Illusion-Construction of Reality, Expression, Ideology and Decoration), and affective (Hedonic Tone, Arousal, Relaxation and Regularity). The results have shown that representational paintings have higher judgments on the perceptual dimensions of Form and Complexity, the semantic dimension of the Illusion of Reality (the opposite pole of the Construction of Reality), and the affective dimension of Regularity. On the other hand, abstract paintings have higher judgments on the perceptual dimension of Color, the semantic dimensions of Construction of Reality (the opposite pole of the Illusion of Reality) and Expression, and the affective dimension Arousal. A discriminant analysis indicated that all three sets of dimensions are relatively good predictors of the classification of representational and abstract paintings (61-100%). The results suggest that the subjective categorization of paintings is generally based on the recognizability of pictorial content (representational vs. abstract), but some formal or stylistic properties play a role in the categorization, as well: some expressionistic representational paintings were classified in an abstract category, and some geometrically abstract paintings were classified as representational.

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