A REVISION OF THE NORTH AMERICAN OMALIINAE (COLEOPTERA: STAPHYLINIDAE): 2. THE TRIBE CORYPHIINI

1978 ◽  
Vol 110 (S106) ◽  
pp. 21-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Biological Information ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
The North

AbstractThe tribe Coryphiini Hatch is redefined to include six genera and 18 species from North America. Two new genera are described: Gnathoryphium (type-species G. mandibulare n. sp.) and Holoboreaphilus (type-species Boreaphilus nordenskioeldi Maklin). Seven new species are described: Coryphium nigrum from the northeastern United States and Subhaida californica, S. aptera, S. monticola, S. utahensis, S. sinuata, and Gnathoryphium mandibulare from western North America. The genus Occiephelinus Hatch from western North America and Planeboreaphilus Shibata from Japan are considered junior synonyms of Coryphium Stephens. The western North American species formerly placed in Ephelinus Cockerell are transferred to the genus Coryphium. Pseudohaida ingrata Hatch is transferred to the genus Subhaida Hatch. Boreaphilus americanus Notman is placed in synonymy with B. henningianus C.R. Sahlberg.All genera and species are described. Habitus drawings, and line drawings of the antenna, labrum, maxilla, mandible, mentum, and labium are presented for at least one species of each genus. The aedeagus is illustrated for all the species except two that are known only from females.Of the species treated, three are Holarctic in distribution, four are restricted to eastern North America, and 11 are endemic to the mountainous areas of western North America.All available biological information for each species is included and a key is presented to aid in the identification of all the genera and species of the tribe in North America.

FAUNAL RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN EASTERN NORTH AMERICA AND EUROPE AS SHOWN BY INSECTS

1988 ◽  
Vol 120 (S144) ◽  
pp. 39-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald R. Noonan
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
North American ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Western North America ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
Fossil Data ◽  
Suitable Land

AbstractThe supercontinent of Pangaea, which once included most lands, fragmented during the Mesozoic. By the Late Cretaceous there were two northern land masses that were strikingly different from those of present day: Asiamerica consisting of present western North America and Asia; and Euramerica comprising Europe and eastern North America. Mild climates facilitated the spread of terrestrial organisms within each of these land masses, but epicontinental seas hindered movements between Europe and Asia and between eastern and western North America.The insects of Euramerica presumably once formed a fauna extending from eastern North America to Europe that differed from the fauna of Asiamerica. The opening of the North Atlantic separated insects in Europe from those in eastern North America. This produced vicarious patterns, with some insects of eastern North America now being more closely related phylogenetically to those of Europe than to those of western North America. Most groups of insects have not been examined for such trans-Atlantic vicariances, but studies reviewed in this paper suggest such relationships for some groups of Collembola, Hemiptera, Homoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, and Hymenoptera.The last suitable land connections between Europe and eastern North America were severed approximately 20–35 million years ago. The insects separated by this severance evolved at different rates. Some groups split in this way have apparently undergone little evolution and have the same species on both sides of the North Atlantic, but other vicarious groups have differentiated into taxa that are now distinct at specific and supra-specific levels.The opening of the North Atlantic probably split both tropical- and temperate-adapted insects in Euramerica. However, without fossil data it is difficult to identify the biogeographical patterns resulting from such splitting of the tropical-adapted groups. Most presently recognized European and eastern North American vicarious patterns of insects were probably caused by division of Euramerica rather than dispersal across Beringia.

THE GENUS ALEURODISCUS (SENSU LATO) IN NORTH AMERICA

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 723-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Arenz Lemke
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Separate Paper ◽  
The North ◽  
First Time ◽  
Generic Unit

The genus Aleurodiscus Rabenh. ex J. Schroet. (sensu lato) is an artificial assemblage of large-spored 'thelephoraceous' hymenomycetes, which can no longer be maintained as a generic unit. The generic limits and the taxonomic position of Aleurodiscus (sensu stricto) (TYPE SPECIES: A. amorphus (Pers. per Purt.: Fr.) J. Schroet.) have been discussed by the writer (1964) in a separate paper. The present work supplements this earlier work, but is concerned primarily with an appraisal of the non-amyloid-spored Aleurodisci, all of which are removed from Aleurodiscus and either assigned to other recognized genera or relegated to new genera.Accordingly, two new genera and 15 new combinations are devised here to accommodate several species formerly placed in Aleurodiscus (sensu lato). The new genera, one of which is monotypical, are Aleurocorticium Lemke, gen. nov. (TYPE SPECIES: A. acerinum (Pers. per Fr.) Lemke, gen. & comb. nov.) and Licrostroma Lemke, gen. nov. (MONOTYPE: L. subgiganteum (Berk.) Lemke, gen. & comb. nov.). The additional 13 combinations proposed are Aleurocorticium album (Viégas) Lemke, comb, nov., A. alliaceum (Quél.) Lemke, comb. nov., A. candidum (Schw.) Lemke, comb. nov. A. dryinum (Pers.) Lemke, comb. nov., A. griseo-canum (Bres.) Lemke, comb. nov., A. lepra (Berk. et Curt.) Lemke, comb. nov., A. macrodens (Coker) Lemke, comb. nov., A. macrosporum (Bres.) Lemke, comb. nov., A. moquiniarum (Viégas) Lemke, comb. nov., A. nivosum (Berk. et Curt. ex Höhn. et Litsch.) Lemke, comb. nov., A. seriatum (Berk. et Curt.) Lemke, comb. nov., A. strumosum (Fr.) Lemke, comb. nov.; and Aleurocystis magnispora (Burt) Lemke, comb. nov.The genus Laeticorticium Donk (1956: 16) (TYPE SPECIES: L. roseum (Pers. per Fr.) Donk) is confirmed as a valid segregate from Aleurodiscus (sensu lato), but the species of Laeticorticium are not treated here aside from nomenclatural considerations. With the exception of the Laeticorticia, all of the remaining North American and many of the critical non-amyloid-spored species of Aleurodiscus (sensu lato) are reviewed.Particular emphasis is devoted to the genus Aleurocorticium Lemke, gen. nov. and a key to 14 North American species of Aleurocorticium is provided. Seven of the Aleurocorticia are reported from the North American mycobiota for the first time. These seven species, five of which are described as new to science, include Aleurocorticium alliaceum (Quél.) Lemke [= Aleurodiscus alliaceus (Quél) Boidin (1957)], Aleurocorticium dryinum (Pers.) Lemke [= Aleurodiscus dryinus (Pers.) Bourd,], Aleurocorticium incrustans Lemke, sp. nov., A. maculatum Jacks. et Lemke, sp. nov., A. mexicanum Lemke, sp. nov., A. microsporum Jacks. et Lemke, sp. nov., and A. pachysterigmatum Jacks. et Lemke, sp. nov.Corlicium hiemale [= Aleurodiscus hiemalis (Laurila) Eriksson (1958a: 78)] is, likewise, initially recorded for North America.Eight of the named species of Aleurodiscus are recognized as facultative synonyms. These names, as indicated, are offered as taxonomic discards: [Aleurodiscus albidus Massee =] Aleurocorticium lepra (Berk. et Curt.) Lemke; [Aleurodiscus albus (Burt) Rogers et Jacks. =] Xenasma clematidis (Bourd. et Galz.) Liberta; [Aleurodiscus guttulatus Rick =] Bourdotia cinerea (Bres.) Bourd. etGalz.; [Aleurodiscus jacksonii Ahmad =] Aleurocorticium candidum (Schw.) Lemke; [Aleurodiscus orientalis Lloyd =] Licrostroma subgiganteum (Berk.) Lemke; [Aleurodiscus reflexus Yasuda =] Licrostroma subgiganteum (Berk.) Lemke; [Aleurodiscus sendaiensis Yasuda =] Corticium evolvens (Fr. ex Fr.) Fr.; [Aleurodiscus subacerinus Höhn. et Litsch. =] Aleurocorticium alliaceum (Quél.) Lemke.The genus Cyphella Fr. (MONOTYPE: C. digitalis (Alb. et Schw. per Pers.) Fr.) is reinstated (see Code 1952: 76) and the combination Aleurodiscus digitalis (Alb. et Schw. per Pers.) Donk (1951: 210) is discredited.

New multituberculate mammal from the Early Cretaceous of eastern North America

2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard L. Cifelli ◽  
Cynthia L. Gordon ◽  
Thomas R. Lipka
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Early Cretaceous ◽  
North American ◽  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Relative Length ◽  
Central Position ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
The North

Multituberculates, though among the most commonly encountered mammalian fossils of the Mesozoic, are poorly known from the North American Early Cretaceous, with only one taxon named to date. Herein we describe Argillomys marylandensis, gen. et sp. nov., from the Early Cretaceous of Maryland, based on an isolated M2. Argillomys represents the second mammal known from the Arundel Clay facies of the Patuxent Formation (Lower Cretaceous: Aptian). Though distinctive in its combination of characters (e.g., enamel ornamentation consisting of ribs and grooves only, cusp formula 2:4, presence of distinct cusp on anterobuccal ridge, enlargement of second cusp on buccal row, central position of ultimate cusp in lingual row, great relative length), the broader affinities of Argillomys cannot be established because of non-representation of the antemolar dentition. Based on lack of apomorphies commonly seen among Cimolodonta (e.g., three or more cusps present in buccal row, fusion of cusps in lingual row, cusps strongly pyramidal and separated by narrow grooves), we provisionally regard Argillomys as a multituberculate of “plagiaulacidan” grade. Intriguingly, it is comparable in certain respects to some unnamed Paulchoffatiidae, a family otherwise known from the Late Jurassic – Early Cretaceous of the Iberian Peninsula.

scholarly journals Influence of ENSO on North American subseasonal surface air temperature variability

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 395-412
Author(s):  
Patrick Martineau ◽  
Hisashi Nakamura ◽  
Yu Kosaka
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
North American ◽  
Surface Air Temperature ◽  
Tropical Pacific ◽  
La Niña ◽  
Western North America ◽  
The North ◽  
Subseasonal Variability ◽  
La Nina

Abstract. The wintertime influence of tropical Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) variability on subseasonal variability is revisited by identifying the dominant mode of covariability between 10–60 d band-pass-filtered surface air temperature (SAT) variability over the North American continent and winter-mean SST over the tropical Pacific. We find that the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) explains a dominant fraction of the year-to-year changes in subseasonal SAT variability that are covarying with SST and thus likely more predictable. In agreement with previous studies, we find a tendency for La Niña conditions to enhance the subseasonal SAT variability over western North America. This modulation of subseasonal variability is achieved through interactions between subseasonal eddies and La Niña-related changes in the winter-mean circulation. Specifically, eastward-propagating quasi-stationary eddies over the North Pacific are more efficient in extracting energy from the mean flow through the baroclinic conversion during La Niña. Structural changes of these eddies are crucial to enhance the efficiency of the energy conversion via amplified downgradient heat fluxes that energize subseasonal eddy thermal anomalies. The enhanced likelihood of cold extremes over western North America is associated with both an increased subseasonal SAT variability and the cold winter-mean response to La Niña.

A New Gunnel, Pholis clemensi, from the Coast of Western North America

1964 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 933-939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard H. Rosenblatt
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
North American Species ◽  
Western North America ◽  
The North ◽  
The Family ◽  
Juan De Fuca ◽  
A New Species

A new species, Pholis clemensi, referred to the family Pholidae, is named and described from 12 specimens taken in southern British Columbia waters and the Strait of Juan de Fuca. Pholis clemensi is compared with other members of the genus, and a key is given to the North American species.

Revision of Tenticospirifer Tien, 1938, and similar spiriferid brachiopod genera from the Late Devonian (Frasnian) of Eurasia, North America, and Australia

2000 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 444-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueping Ma ◽  
Jed Day
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
South China ◽  
North American ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Late Devonian ◽  
Carbonate Platforms ◽  
The North ◽  
New Family

The cyrtospiriferid brachiopod genus Tenticospirifer Tien, 1938, is revised based on restudy of the type species from the Frasnian (Late Devonian) of the Russian Platform. As revised the genus includes cyrtospiriferid species with pyramidal ventral valves, catacline ventral interareas, a narrow delthyrium, few sinal plications, and lack a median dorsal septum and pseudodeltidium. All species retained in the genus are of Givetian and Frasnian age. All Famennian age species described from South China and North America are rejected from the genus. It appears that Tenticospirifer evolved during the early Givetian in western Europe and remained endemic to that region during the remainder of the Givetian. Successive migrations of Tenticospirifer from eastern Laurussia to North America, then to South China and possibly Australia, coincided with middle and late Frasnian eustatic sea level rises, respectively. The North American species Spirifera cyrtinaformis Hall and Whitfield, 1872, and related species identified as Tenticospirifer by North American workers, are reassigned to Conispirifer Lyashenko, 1985. Its immigration to and widespread dispersal in carbonate platforms of western Laurussia, northern Gondwana and tropical island arcs (?) coincided with a major late Frasnian eustatic sea level rise. The new family Conispiriferidae is proposed with Conispirifer Lyashenko, 1985, selected as the type genus. The new family also includes the new genus Pyramidaspirifer with Platyrachella alta Fenton and Fenton, 1924, proposed as the type species. The affinity of the new family remains uncertain pending restudy of key genera currently included in the Superfamily Cyrtospiriferoidea. Available data from the Devonian brachiopod literature indicate that species of Pyramidaspirifer are restricted to late Frasnian deposits of central and western North America.

The Impact of Sea Surface Temperature Biases on North American Precipitation in a High-Resolution Climate Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 2427-2447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathaniel C. Johnson ◽  
Lakshmi Krishnamurthy ◽  
Andrew T. Wittenberg ◽  
Baoqiang Xiang ◽  
Gabriel A. Vecchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
North American ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Tropical Atlantic ◽  
Western North America ◽  
The North

AbstractPositive precipitation biases over western North America have remained a pervasive problem in the current generation of coupled global climate models. These biases are substantially reduced, however, in a version of the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Forecast-Oriented Low Ocean Resolution (FLOR) coupled climate model with systematic sea surface temperature (SST) biases artificially corrected through flux adjustment. This study examines how the SST biases in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans contribute to the North American precipitation biases. Experiments with the FLOR model in which SST biases are removed in the Atlantic and Pacific are carried out to determine the contribution of SST errors in each basin to precipitation statistics over North America. Tropical and North Pacific SST biases have a strong impact on northern North American precipitation, while tropical Atlantic SST biases have a dominant impact on precipitation biases in southern North America, including the western United States. Most notably, negative SST biases in the tropical Atlantic in boreal winter induce an anomalously strong Aleutian low and a southward bias in the North Pacific storm track. In boreal summer, the negative SST biases induce a strengthened North Atlantic subtropical high and Great Plains low-level jet. Each of these impacts contributes to positive annual mean precipitation biases over western North America. Both North Pacific and North Atlantic SST biases induce SST biases in remote basins through dynamical pathways, so a complete attribution of the effects of SST biases on precipitation must account for both the local and remote impacts.

Two new genera of Nearctic Chamaemyiidae (Diptera: Lauxanioidea) associated with Cinara aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on Pinus

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4852 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-82
Author(s):  
STEPHEN D. GAIMARI
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Pinus Ponderosa ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Southwestern United States ◽  
The Third

Two new genera of Chamaemyiidae (Diptera: Lauxanioidea) are described and illustrated, including: Chamaethrix gen. nov. (type species Chamaethrix necopina sp. nov.), possibly a predator of Cinara ponderosae (Williams) on Pinus ponderosa in the southwestern United States; and Vitaleucopis gen. nov. (type species Vitaleucopis nidolkah sp. nov.; other included species Vitaleucopis astonea (McAlpine), comb. nov., and Vitaleucopis scopulus sp. nov.), predators of Cinara aphids and possibly adelgids on Pinaceae in western North America. Immature stages are discussed or described and illustrated for some taxa, including the eggs of Chamaethrix necopina and Vitaleucopis nidolkah; and the third instars and puparia of Vitaleucopis nidolkah. 

North American biogeography and taxonomy of Cryptolithus (Trilobita, Ordovician)

1994 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 808-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick C. Shaw ◽  
Pierre J. Lespérance
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Time Span ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Evolutionary Mechanisms ◽  
Variable Character

Museum and field restudy of Cryptolithus from all known geographic and stratigraphic occurrences in eastern North America shows that the principal variable character in this genus is the number of fringe pit arcs. Because this character varies within populations and even single individuals, it cannot be used to distinguish the earlier, typologically defined species of the genus. Instead, a neotype is designated here for the type species, Cryptolithus tessellatus Green, 1832, and morph designations are used for all pit arc variants. Over the time span considered, the species increased the number of pit arcs, but the ecological and evolutionary mechanisms responsible cannot be identified with certainty.

Corticolous species of Protoparmelia (lichenized Ascomycotina) in North America

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (9) ◽  
pp. 1075-1081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irwin M. Brodo ◽  
André Aptroot
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
Western North America ◽  
The North ◽  
First Time ◽  
Lichen Flora

Protoparmelia hypotremella van Herk, Spier & V. Wirth is reported here as an addition to the North American lichen flora. Fertile material of P. hypotremella was found for the first time, and it is described in detail. The hyaline hair-like appendages on both polar ends of the ascospores, characteristic of the genus, are illustrated for the first time. The species is then compared with Protoparmelia ochrococca , known from western North America, and Protoparmelia oleagina , still known only from Europe. A key to the corticolous species of Protoparmelia is provided.

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