Thermal degradation of oriental beech wood impregnated with different inorganic salts

AbstractThe thermal degradation reactivities of hemicellulose and cellulose in wood cell walls are significantly different from the thermal degradation behavior of the respective isolated components. Furthermore, the degradation of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica, a softwood) is distinct from that of Japanese beech (Fagus crenata, a hardwood). Lignin and uronic acid are believed to play crucial roles in governing this behavior. In this study, the effects of ball milling for various durations of time on the degradation reactivities of cedar and beech woods were evaluated based on the recovery rates of hydrolyzable sugars from pyrolyzed wood samples. The applied ball-milling treatment cleaved the lignin β-ether bonds and reduced the crystallinity of cellulose, as determined by X-ray diffraction. Both xylan and glucomannan degraded in a similar temperature range, although the isolated components exhibited different reactivities because of the catalytic effect of uronic acid bound to the xylose chains. These observations can be explained by the more homogeneous distribution of uronic acid in the matrix of cell walls as a result of ball milling. As observed for holocelluloses, cellulose in the ball-milled woods degraded in two temperature ranges (below 320 °C and above); a significant amount of cellulose degraded in the lower temperature range, which significantly changed the shapes of the thermogravimetric curves. This report compares the results obtained for cedar and beech woods, and discusses them in terms of the thermal degradation of the matrix and cellulose microfibrils in wood cell walls and role of lignin. Such information is crucial for understanding the pyrolysis and heat treatment of wood.

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Some Physical and Mechanical Properties of Borate-Treated Oriental Beech Wood

Drvna industrija ◽

10.5552/drind.2015.1356 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 66 (2) ◽

pp. 97-103 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hakan Simsek ◽

Ergun Baysal

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Beech Wood ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Oriental Beech

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Thermal degradation and fire performance of wood treated with various inorganic salts

Fire and Materials ◽

10.1002/fam.1075 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 35 (8) ◽

pp. 569-576 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Hongqiang Qu ◽

Weihong Wu ◽

Hongjuan Wu ◽

Yunhong Jiao ◽

Jianzhong Xu

Keyword(s):

Thermal Degradation ◽

Inorganic Salts ◽

Fire Performance

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ECO-DESIGN: IMPACTS OF BLEACHING CHEMICALS AND VARNISHES ON THE AMOUNT OF CARBON DIOXIDE IN THE COMBUSTION OF ORIENTAL BEECH (FAGUS ORIENTALIS LIPSKY)

Wood Research ◽

10.37763/wr.1336-4561/66.3.379390 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 66 (3) ◽

pp. 379-390

Author(s):

Ahmet C. Yalinkilic ◽

Eyup Aksoy ◽

Musa Atar ◽

Hamza Cinar ◽

Hakan Keskin

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Beech Wood ◽

Combustion Process ◽

Combustion Source ◽

Fagus Orientalis ◽

Flame Combustion ◽

Oriental Beech ◽

Fagus Orientalis Lipsky ◽

Water Based ◽

Combustion Tests

This study was carried out to determine the effects of bleaching chemicals and varnishes on the amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the combustion of oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky). For this purpose, samples of Oriental beech prepared according to ASTM D 358 contain 18% R1 = (NaOH + H2O2), R2 = (NaOH + Ca(OH)2 + H2O2), R3 = (Na2S2O5 + H2C2O4), R4 = (NaSiO3 + H2O2), R5 = (KMnO4 + Na2S2O5 + H2O2) solution groups, after bleaching with solution groups, water based, synthetic, polyurethane and acrylic varnish were applied according to ASTM D 3023 and combustion tests were carried out in accordance with ASTM E 160-50. Gas measurements were made with the SIGMA 74172 NSU flue gas device during the combustion process. As a result, in respect to the burning types; the highest amount of CO2 (ppm) was found in the self-combustion (8.468 ppm) while the lowest was obtained from the flame combustion source (4.599 ppm). In respect to the types of bleaching; the highest in R5 (7.458 ppm) and the lowest in R3 (4.059 ppm) were found. According to the varnish types; the highest value was found in the synthetic varnish (8.261), and the lowest value was found in the acrylic varnish (4.772 ppm). According to combustion type + bleaching solution + varnish type interaction, the highest values were found for without flame combustion (II) + R3 + Sn (18.40 ppm) and lowest for flame source combustion (I) + R5 + Pu (0.600 ppm). Consequently, the highest values for combustion gases were found in samples of oriental beech wood samples treated with water-based varnish with R1 solution. According to this, in terms of human health and life safety, possibility of fire in places, R3 solution and acrylic varnish may be used in the related industries.

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A histological investigation of Oriental beech wood decayed byPleurotus ostreatusandTrametes versicolor

Forest Pathology ◽

10.1111/efp.12174 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 45 (5) ◽

pp. 349-357 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

E. Bari ◽

O. Schmidt ◽

R. Oladi

Keyword(s):

Beech Wood ◽

Histological Investigation ◽

Oriental Beech

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Mechanical properties and chemical composition of beech wood exposed for 30 and 120 days to white-rot fungi

Holzforschung ◽

10.1515/hf-2014-0057 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 69 (5) ◽

pp. 587-593 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Ehsan Bari ◽

Hamid Reza Taghiyari ◽

Behbood Mohebby ◽

Carol A. Clausen ◽

Olaf Schmidt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Beech Wood ◽

White Rot Fungi ◽

White Rot ◽

Chemical Components ◽

Fungal Decay ◽

Oriental Beech ◽

Impact Bending ◽

Decay Tests

Abstract The effects of exposing specimens of Oriental beech [Fagus sylvatica subsp. orientalis (Lipsky) Greuter and Burdet] to the white-rot fungi Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.: Fr.) Kummer and Trametes versicolor (L.: Fr.) Pilát strain 325 have been studied concerning the mechanical properties and chemical composition in terms of carbohydrates, cellulose, and lignin. Biological decay tests were carried out in accordance with the EN 113 standard specifications for 30 and 120 days. P. ostreatus had nearly the same deteriorating effects on the mechanical properties and chemical composition as that caused by T. versicolor. High and significant correlations were found between some mechanical properties with chemical components; for instance, the correlation coefficient (R2) between impact bending and carbohydrate content was about 0.96. The changes of components influence the various mechanical properties to a different degree. Incipient fungal decay caused severe changes for impact bending and carbohydrate loss. Several other properties declined at 120-day exposure time, such as the hardness, compression strength parallel to grain, and cellulose and lignin losses.

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