scholarly journals Polymerase chain reaction chlamydia trachomatis examination in nonspecific genital infection patients

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dian Pertiwi Habibie ◽  
Dwi Murtiastutik ◽  
R. Rahmadewi
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Genital Infection ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Causal Organism ◽  
Advanced Method ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Low Incidence

Introduction: Nonspecific genital infection (NSGI) is an inflammation of urethra, rectum, or cervix that caused by nonspecific bacteria. Chlamydia trachomatis is known as the most causal organism of NSGI, usually mild (mucopurulent discharge) or asymptomatic, and if untreated it can cause serious complication such as pelvic inflammatory disease that leads to infertility in women. The diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis needs an advanced method, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR). PCR has high sensitivity and specificity, and endocervical swab is specimen of choice that also has high sensitivity and specificity to diagnose Chlamydia trachomatis. Method: This research aims to evaluate if Chlamydia trachomatis is the most causal organism of NSGI by PCR Chlamydia trachomatis using 201bp primers. Results: Eighteen NSGI married patients who came to outpatient clinic were evaluated from endocervical swab. The result demonstrated that 16,67% from eighteen NSGI patient positive Chlamydia trachomatis. Conclusion: The low incidence of Chlamydia trachomatis in low risk population such in this study need further study, the cause of NSGI needs to be known certainly so the exact treatment can be given.

scholarly journals POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION AS A DIAGNOSTIC TOOL FOR SIX SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS - PRELIMINARY RESULTS

2015 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
Alecsandra Iulia Grad ◽  
Mihaela Laura Vica ◽  
Horea Vladi Matei ◽  
Doru Lucian Grad ◽  
Ioan Coman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Background and aim. Sexually transmitted infections are a very frequent and under-diagnosed cause of illness worldwide. A high number of detection methods and a large range of specimens in which sexually transmitted infections can be determined are available at the moment. Polymerase chain reaction performed on first void urine offers the advantage of being non-invasive, self-collectable and has high sensitivity and specificity. We looked to determine the frequency of Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Trichomonas vaginalis, Mycoplasma hominis, Mycoplasma genitalium and Ureaplasma urealyticum in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients.Methods. Six sexually transmitted infections were determined in the first void urine of 15 symptomatic and asymptomatic patients by polymerase chain reaction. We used “Epicenter MasterPure™ Complete DNA and RNA Purification Kit” for the DNA purification and “Seeplex® STD6 ACE Detection” for the DNA amplification. The results were examined in UV light.Results. A number of 5 patients had positive results for Chlamydia trachomatis or Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Sexually transmitted infections are more frequent in men between 27 and 40 years old.Conclusions. Polymerase chain reaction is a good diagnostic tool for sexually transmitted infections because it has a high sensitivity and specificity. Chlamydia trachomatis is the most frequent sexually transmitted infection, followed by Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

scholarly journals LOOP-MEDIATED ISOTHERMAL AMPLIFICATION FOR DETECTION OF C. BURNETII IN BULGARIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-151
Author(s):  
M. Kunchev ◽  
V. Belcheva ◽  
E. Grigorov
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Isothermal Amplification ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Retrospective Diagnosis ◽  
Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification ◽  
The World ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Q fever, which is caused by Coxiella burnetii, a small, pleomorphic intracellular bacterium, is the most widespread zoonosis in the world. The chronic form of the disease can lead to disability and death. Rapid diagnosis of Q fever is needed in order that effective treatment can be initiated. The conventional retrospective diagnosis of Q fever, based on serology, is useless for the treatment of afflicted patients. Thus, molecular methods have been created to close the diagnostic gap between the onset of the disease and the presence of specific antibodies in serum. A polymerase chain reaction is a suitable and reliable method with high sensitivity and specificity, but it requires expensive equipment and post-amplification protocol. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is an isothermal technique, conducted at constant temperature that can amplify a negligible amount of DNA to more than 109 copies within one hour, using special primers and polymerase. We have tested the sensitivity and specificity of LAMP in the detection of C. burnetii. The mean positive rate of LAMP and polymerase chain reaction in patients was 100% and 74%, respectively. LAMP reacted negatively with non-C. burnetii pathogens and non-infected blood samples. We conclude that LAMP is a sensitive and specific technique for the detection of C. burnetii and has advantages over serological methods and PCR that make it attractive for diagnosing Q fever in countries around the world.

scholarly journals Non-detection of Chlamydia trachomatis infection by polymerase chain reaction in pregnant Iranian women

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parvin Hassanzadeh ◽  
Hosein Sharifi ◽  
Abdollah Bazargani ◽  
Reza Khashei ◽  
Amir Emami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
World Health ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Pcr Test

<em>Chlamydia trachomatis</em> is the most common cause of sexually transmitted infection. In 75% of women and 50% of men infection is asymptomatic. According to World Health Organization reports, the number of new genital infections with <em>Chlamydia trachomatis</em> reaches 100 million annually. The sensitivity and specificity of nacid amplification tests are 95% and 99%, respectively. Urine samples can provide a non-invasive method of testing for the detection of <em>Chlamydia trachomatis</em> by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of <em>Chlamydia trachomatis</em> infection in pregnant women referred to a teaching hospital affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Urine samples were obtained from 210 pregnant women and investigated microscopically and macroscopically by urinalysis. Precipitants were also used for DNA extraction and PCR test for detecting <em>Chlamydia trachomatis.</em> Among 210 urine specimens from women aged 15-39 years, none were positive for <em>Chlamydia trachomatis </em>by PCR. In spite of the high sensitivity and specificity of PCR, and the elimination of inhibitory effects on PCR test, no pregnant woman was positive for <em>Chlamydia trachomatis</em>. Here, we suggest that a larger sample should be studied and other sensitive methods could also be used in the future.

scholarly journals Penggunaan Empat Set Primer dalam Mendeteksi Tryapanosoma Evansi pada Mencit dengan Teknik Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
Dias Aprita Dewi ◽  
Fitrine Ekawasti ◽  
April H. Wardhana ◽  
Dyah H. Sawitri
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Culture Collection ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Primer Sets

Diagnose technique for detection Tryapanosoma evansi have been developed for many years, including Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). One of fundamental factors on this technique is primer desain which possess high sensitivity and specificity. The aim of the current study was to examine four primer sets for detection of T. evansi on mice. They were ITS 1, ESAG 6/7, RoTat 1.2 VSG, TBR1/2 and TR3/TR4. Balitvet Culture Collection (BCC) – Bangkalan isolate of T. evansi was was injected into two male mice DDY strain. Three days after infection, blood mice was collected and stored at -20oC. In addition, some blood was dropped on the filter paper and kept at 4oC. Another mice was killed and some tissues (brain, liver, lung, heart, spleen and kidney) were removed from mice and preserved into 80% Ethanol and then they were stored -20oC. All samples were amplified using five primer sets and repeated twice. The results demonstrated that all primers (ITS 1, ESAG 6/7, RoTat 1.2 VSG, TBR1/2 and TR3/TR4) were able to detect T. evansi on all samples (the blood, the filter paper and all tissues). In order to detect T. evansi in the field, primer ITS-1 is recommended because it is able to discriminate some spesies T. evansi in livestock and generate a good intensity of DNA band from tested samples.

scholarly journals PERBANDINGAN HASIL DETEKSI PLASMODIUM SPP ANTARA CARA PEMERIKSAAN MIKROSKOPIK TETESAN DARAH TEBAL DAN TEKNIK POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cindy Sandra ◽  
Josef S. B. Tuda ◽  
Victor D. Pijoh
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Blood Smear ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Thick Blood Smear ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Genus Plasmodium ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract: Malaria is still a health problem in the world, especially in undeveloped countries. This disease is caused by protozoa of the genus Plasmodium and has two ways of transmission, naturally (Anopheles spp.) and unnaturally. WHO mentioned that in 2006 there were as many as 200-300 million cases of clinical malaria with 880,000 deaths. In 2012, it was recorded that there were a total of 8,691 malaria cases in North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Therefore, an early diagnostic tool with high sensitivity and specificity is needed. This study aimed to compare the sensitivity and specificity in detection of Plasmodium spp by using thick blood smear method to Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). This was a diagnostic test using blood samples of 30 malaria patients at Budi Mulia Hospital and Manembo-nembo Hospital Bitung from September 2013 - January 2014. Thick blood smears were prepared and microcopically tested, then the specimens were scrapped and be further tested by using the PCR. The microscopic test showed 20 positive samples meanwhile the PCR showed 24 positive samples. A diagnostic test using predictive table 2x2 indicated that the PCR had 100% sensitivity in general, 60% specifity, 83.3% positive predictive value, and 100% negative predictive value. Conclusion: Compared to the thick blood smear, the PCR was more accurate in detecting plasmodia in malaria cases with a moderate specificity value and a high sensitivity value.Keywords: thick blood smear, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), sensitivity, specificity  Abstrak: Malaria merupakan salah satu penyakit yang masih menjadi masalah kesehatan di dunia terutama di negara-negara yang belum berkembang. Malaria disebabkan oleh protozoa dari genus Plasmodium dan ditularkan melalui dua cara yaitu alamiah melalui nyamuk Anopheles spp. dan tidak alamiah. WHO melaporkan bahwa pada 2006 terdapat 200-300 juta kasus malaria dengan 880.000 kematian. Di Provinsi Sulawesi Utara, Indonesia, dilaporkan total kasus malaria tahun 2012 sebesar 8.691. Oleh karena itu diperlukan suatu alat diagnostik dini dengan sensitivitas dan spesifisitas yang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan tingkat sensitivitas dan spesifisitas hasil deteksi Plasmodium spp antara cara pemeriksaan mikroskopik tetesan darah tebal dan teknik Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Penelitian ini merupakan uji diagnostik dengan sampel darah dari 30 pasien malaria di RS Budi Mulia dan RS Manembo-nembo Bitung sejak September 2013 - Januari 2014. Setelah disiapkan tetesan darah tebal, dilakukan pemeriksaan mikroskopik. Selanjutnya, spesimen darah dikerok dan diperiksa dengan PCR. Hasil pemeriksaan mikroskopik menunjukkan 20 sampel positif malaria sedangkan pemeriksaan PCR 24 sampel positif malaria. Tes uji diagnostik dengan tabel prediktif 2x2 mendapatkan tingkat sensitivitas PCR secara umum sebesar 100%, spesifisitas 60%, nilai duga positif 83,33%, dan nilai duga negatif 100%. Simpulan: Dibandingkan tetesan darah tebal, pemeriksaan PCR dapat mendeteksi secara lebih akurat adanya plasmodia pada kasus malaria, dengan nilai spesifitas sedang dan nilai sensitivitas tinggi.Kata kunci: tetesan darah tebal, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), sensitivitas, spesifisitas

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