scholarly journals LA GIUSTIZIA ITALIANA NELLO SPECCHIO DELLE SCIENZE SOCIALI

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Ferrari
Keyword(s):  
Social Action ◽  
American Studies ◽  
Plea Bargaining ◽  
Prima Facie ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Civil Proceedings ◽  
Family Politics ◽  
The Family ◽  
Structure And Functions

Vincenzo Ferrari, THE ITALIAN SYSTEM OF JUSTICE THROUGH A SOCIAL SCIENCE PERSPECTIVE. This article offers a brief description of an extensive research on “Justice in Italy in the 2000s”, conducted in the first half of the last decade by a group of social scientists led by the author. This project, whose results have been collected in nine volumes containing twelve monographic studies, focused on the structure and functions of the system of justice, as well as on how it relates to certain other systems of social action, such as the family, politics, the European context and the Bar. The author portrays the Italian judiciary as relatively closed towards society and highlights the main dysfunctions of both civil and penal proceedings. He adds that congestion seems to be a common feature of many modern justice systems and, echoing some recent American studies, lays down the hypothesis that they only succeed in functioning when semi-institutional alternatives are also available, even if prima facie incompatible with their basic principles, such as plea bargaining in criminal and negotiation in civil proceedings.

scholarly journals The Power of Stress: The Telo-Hormesis Hypothesis

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1156
Author(s):  
Maria Sol Jacome Burbano ◽  
Eric Gilson
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Mutation Rates ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Response To Stress ◽  
Telomere Biology ◽  
Telomere Structure ◽  
Structure And Functions

Adaptative response to stress is a strategy conserved across evolution to promote survival. In this context, the groundbreaking findings of Miroslav Radman on the adaptative value of changing mutation rates opened new avenues in our understanding of stress response. Inspired by this work, we explore here the putative beneficial effects of changing the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes, the telomeres, in response to stress. We first summarize basic principles in telomere biology and then describe how various types of stress can alter telomere structure and functions. Finally, we discuss the hypothesis of stress-induced telomere signaling with hormetic effects.

scholarly journals Possibilities and restrictions of the implementation of mediation in domestic violence cases

Temida ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 25-40
Author(s):  
Vera Despotovic-Stanarevic ◽  
Tamara Dzamonja-Ignjatovic
Keyword(s):  
Personal Responsibility ◽  
Violent Behavior ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Family Mediation ◽  
The Family ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Circular Causality ◽  
Efficient Work

This paper presents a model of the implementation of mediation in cases where a power disbalance between partners exists. The model includes relevant theoretical concepts which are important for understanding of violence phenomenon in the family, and the contemporary approaches to the work on balancing unequal power in relationships. In creating the model of family mediation in cases including violence, some basic concepts of mediation procedures are modified or adjusted (neutrality, confidentiality), as well as the concept of circular causality and complementary relationships from a systemic perspective. Implementation of interdisciplinary approach is proposed for efficient work on balancing the power in relations and using various working domains. The confession of violent behavior and the acceptance of personal responsibility by the offender, and the readiness of both sides to take part in restoration of a relationship are basic principles of restorative justice that is fundamental for victim- offender mediation. Therefore, those conditions are also necessary for a family mediation in cases including elements of violence, if the security for the victim is provided and guaranteed.

Theory and methods expertise of implementation of Internet addiction prevention program among students

2021 ◽  
pp. 52-62
Author(s):  
Lyudmila N. Makarova ◽  
Olga A. Topilskaya
Keyword(s):  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Tertiary Prevention ◽  
Preventive Program ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Addiction Prevention ◽  
The Family ◽  
Preventive Work ◽  
The University

We present a detailed theoretical and methodological expertise for the implementation of the author's program for students “Safe Internet”. This program is relevant due to the need to study the effectiveness of comprehensive preventive work, including primary, secondary and tertiary prevention of Internet addiction among students in an integrated group in the conditions of the educational process at the university, since this approach helps to reduce the risk of the occurrence and development of this addiction in the student environment. We present the methodological basic principles of the program and its novelty, which fundamentally distinguishes the author's preventive program from similar ones. The form of organizing work with students in this direction and the content part of the program include three blocks: a block on working with the family (focused on educating the family); a block of personal development (focused on revealing students' personal resources that prevent the emergence or development of addiction); a leisure block (focused on productive employment of students and exciting leisure). We disclose and developed methodically each block. The structure of the program is built in such a way that the holistic and consistent implementation of all its constituent parts ensures that the primary, secondary and tertiary prevention of Internet-addictive behavior among students is carried out simultaneously in the conditions of the university.

Ties That (Un)Bind: Families and States in Premodern Southeast Asia

1996 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 384-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Day
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Royal Family ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Historical Structures ◽  
Male Power ◽  
Family Politics ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of

Although in recent years newspapers and journals have been full of reports about family politics in the Philippines, the growing economic might of President Suharto's children and the business holdings of the Thai royal family, the “family” has only recently emerged as a subject of serious study in the historiography of Southeast Asia (McCoy 1993 and Andaya 1992 and 1994). Barbara Andaya's study of Southeast Sumatra in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries is the first sustained examination of the significance of kinship for understanding political and economic relations in the history of any part of Southeast Asia (Andaya 1993). One of the most important reasons for the neglect of the family as a major historical topic, to extend the argument made by Craig Reynolds in a recent critique of writing on modern Thai history, is that historians of Southeast Asia generally have tended to focus less on gender or power relations in the region, and more on questions of male “power” and historical “structures” (Reynolds 1994).

Peer-Group Socialization among German Students

1974 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 687-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
William M. Chandler
Keyword(s):  
Random Sample ◽  
Student Attitudes ◽  
Political Socialization ◽  
Political Attitudes ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Peer Groups ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
The Family ◽  
The University ◽  
Existing Data

When compared to research on the family and the school, the study of peer groups within the context of political socialization is a relatively neglected area. Somewhat more concern for peer-group effects has been indicated by non-political social scientists, especially social psychologists. But even though some of their work is suggestive, its application is often marginal for explaining political attitudes. Just as the existing theory on peer-group political socialization is weak, so are the existing data and analysis. The purpose of this paper is to examine the nature and extent of peer-group socialization among German students. This analysis is based on a survey of student attitudes at the University of Cologne. The survey is a random sample of 855 respondents and was carried out in 1968.

Commentary 1: The Role of Ethical Reflexivity in Conducting Ethically Challenging Qualitative Research

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 462-465
Author(s):  
Simon Woods
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
The Family ◽  
Decisive Action ◽  
Older Child

This paper is a commentary on Herzog et al.’s vignette drawn from their experience of conducting ethically challenging qualitative research. They describe an encounter with a family in which an older child has acted as a sibling donor to a sick younger sibling. It is evident that the process has taken its toll on the well-being of the older child and has created tensions within the family. What then are the ethical boundaries and responsibilities of researchers who enter the private domain of the family? This commentary responds with a model of “ethical reflexivity” which shows how a reflexive researcher can incorporate moral reflection at the different stages of the research process. Reflexivity works differently at different points, upstream it allows for anticipation and planning, incorporating ethical strategies into the methodology. Midstream reflexivity allows for evaluation, reflection and strategic response as the research unfolds and downstream it allows for a critical evaluation of how the research played out. Although it is a vital resource for any society to allow a wide degree of freedom for social scientists to research the social life, this freedom also brings responsibilities. Participation in research both creates and reveals the vulnerabilities of participants and since the researcher is entangled in these complexities they must also be prepared to respond and act. At times it may be necessary to step out of the role of researcher in order to offer support or take more decisive action especially when the well-being of vulnerable participants is at stake.

Respect Redefined: Focus Group Insights from Singapore

1997 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalyani Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Multicultural Society ◽  
Limited Sample ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Limited Sample Size ◽  
The Family ◽  
Focus Group Methodology ◽  
Subjective Views

This article re-examines the meaning of the concept of respect within the context of a fast modernizing Asian multicultural society—Singapore. Two key findings emerge. First, the meaning of respect both from the perspective of the aged and the middle-aged generation has shifted from obedience to courteous behavior. Second, in the majority of focus groups members concurred that the degree of respect accorded to elders has in general decreased. The focus group methodology was used in this research. Bearing in mind the limited sample size (88 participants) these findings alert us to the need for social scientists to monitor perceptual shifts in meaning of concepts critical in the sphere of interpersonal relationships. The findings throw light on the subjective views of intergenerational relations within the family as well as the community. As such, they would be valuable to counselors, social workers, and family therapists.

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