scholarly journals Hypertension and angiotensin system inhibitors in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma

Author(s):  
Lisa Derosa ◽  
Hassane Izzedine ◽  
Laurence Albiges ◽  
Bernard Escudier

Arterial hypertension (HTN) is a class effect of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapies, including the monoclonal antibody bevacizumab. Data are conflicting regarding the role of the renin-angiotensin system on angiogenesis and recent data suggest that the use of angiotensin system inhibitors (ASIs; angiotensin receptor blockers or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors) is associated with improved survival in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), particularly when used with VEGF targeted therapies. The aim of this review is to discuss the available treatment options for mRCC and associated incidence of hypertension as well as summarize the known data about ASIs use and mRCC. Additionally, given that the optimal management of HTN remains unclear, we will focus on prevention strategies and propose potential therapeutic approaches.

ESC CardioMed ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 1844-1848
Author(s):  
Marc A. Pfeffer

Several classes of inhibitors of the renin–angiotensin system were developed as antihypertensive agents. Following the early observations of favourable haemodynamic effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) in patients with congestive heart failure, a series of major randomized outcome trials demonstrated morbidity and mortality benefits of these agents across the spectrum of patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) were then also shown to have similar benefits with a suggestion of some incremental improvements when used together. However, in the trials that randomized patients to a proven dose of an ACEI plus either placebo or an ARB, the combination of the two inhibitors of the renin–angiotensin system resulted in more adverse drug effects without a meaningful improvement in clinical outcomes. This chapter reviews the fundamental underpinnings for use of either an ACEI or ARB to improve prognosis of patients with HFrEF.


2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (6_suppl) ◽  
pp. TPS771-TPS771
Author(s):  
Sheldon L. Holder ◽  
Joshua Warrick ◽  
Junjia Zhu ◽  
Joseph J. Drabick ◽  
Monika Joshi

TPS771 Background: Over the last few years there has been a rapid increase in the clinically relevant agents available to treat metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). We note, however, that the vast majority of new agents available for mRCC do not exploit new clinical targets or pathways. We believe that the identification of new, clinically relevant targets in RCC will propel the field even further forward, expand treatment options, and lead to improved survival for mRCC patients. SGI-1776, a selective PIM1 kinase inhibitor, has previously been shown to induce reduction in tumor size as monotherapy and in combination with sunitinib in mouse pre-clinical studies of RCC. In our tissue microarray studies a subset of ~26% of RCC showed high staining for PIM1 kinase while only 1% of normal adjacent tissue showed similar high staining. Wildtype PIM1 is constitutively active, thus these data suggest that PIM1 activity is increased in a subset of RCC. Abemaciclib is a potent CDK4/6 inhibitor with an IC50 of 2 and 10 nM, respectively. It is also a potent PIM1 inhibitor with an IC50 of 50 nM. We have shown that abemaciclib decreases cell viability and increases apoptosis in RCC cell lines, and does so at greatest effect in combination with sunitinib. We have also shown that abemaciclib induces regression of RCC tumors in a mouse model of RCC, with the most rapid responses observed when abemaciclib is combined with sunitinib. Based on these data we have opened a phase Ib dose escalation study to determine the safety and tolerability of abemaciclib in combination with sunitinib in patients with mRCC. The study includes an expansion cohort at the recommended phase II dose to evaluate for a signal for efficacy. Pattern and intensity of PIM1 staining in tumor tissue will be evaluated as a potential biomarker of response. We are also collecting blood and urine to evaluate additional potential biomarkers of response. Methods: Clinical trial information: NCT03905889 .[Table: see text]


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