scholarly journals Preoperative distraction in children: hand-held videogames vs clown therapy

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (5-6) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Messina ◽  
F. Molinaro ◽  
D. Meucci ◽  
R. Angotti ◽  
L. Giuntini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Emotional Distress ◽  
Nocturnal Enuresis ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Preoperative Anxiety ◽  
Feeding Disorders ◽  
Behavioural Interventions ◽  
Therapeutic Goals ◽  
Children And Parents

Anxiety in children undergoing surgery is characterized by feelings of tension, apprehension, nervousness and fear which may manifest differently. Postoperative behavioural changes such as nocturnal enuresis, feeding disorders, apathy, and sleep disturbances may stem from postoperative anxiety. Some Authors pointed out that over 60% of children undergoing surgery are prone to developing behavioural alterations 2 weeks after surgery. Variables such as age, temperament and anxiety both in children and parents are considered predictors of such changes.1 Studies were published describing how psycho-behavioural interventions based on play, learning and entertainment in preparing children for surgery, may reduce preoperative anxiety. Clown-therapy is applied in the most important paediatric facilities and has proved to diminish children’s emotional distress and sufferance, as well as consumption of both analgesics and sedatives and to facilitate the achievement of therapeutic goals. The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of clown-therapy during the child’s hospital stay, with a view to optimizing treatment and care, preventing behavioural alterations and enhancing the child’s overall life quality.

Sleep and Sleep Disorders in Tourette Syndrome: What is Known and What is Still Unknown

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arie Oksenberg
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Sleep Disorder ◽  
Tourette Syndrome ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Sleep Stages ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Impaired Sleep

Background: Most of the patients with Tourette Syndrome (TS) present additional comorbidities. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) are the most common. Sleep Disorder has been suggested also as common comorbidity. Objective: To review the literature on sleep characteristics and sleep disorder in patients with Tourette Syndrome (TS), with emphasis on the contribution of specific co-morbidities to the severity of impaired sleep and life quality of the patients. Results: In general, sleep problems are not frequent at the age when tics appear which are estimated to affect about 10 % of these children. In severe cases, tics appear in all sleep stages. In a large study, the prevalence of sleep problems was 17.8% but was 12 % in “TS-only” (9.4% in children and 7.5 in adults) compared to 22% in children and 18% in adults with TS+ADHD. Unfortunately, in most of the studies, the characteristics of these “sleep problems” are not defined. In spite of the scarcity of data, the two main sleep disorders in TS patients are insomnia and parasomnias. Although much more data is needed, many TS subjects are sleep deprived (which exacerbate the tics) and may suffer from excessive daytime sleepiness, which negatively affects normal functioning. Conclusions: Although the literature is not conclusive, children and adolescents with TS appear to suffer more from sleep disturbances and sleep disorders than age-matched controls. Not all patients have tics during sleep, but in severe cases, tics may appear in all sleep stages. It is clear that when patients present both TS and ADHD, (a very common condition), the sleep difficulties are related mainly to ADHD. Much more research is warranted in all aspects of sleep and sleep disorders in TS.

scholarly journals Changes in Quality of Life in Elementary School Children—The Health Oriented Pedagogical Project (HOPP)

Sports ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Per Fredriksen ◽  
Helene Olsen ◽  
Trine Meza
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children And Parents ◽  
Parental Reports ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies ◽  
Average Average

Background: Quality of life (QoL) studies may provide information of change in health status in the population. Few studies have followed up previous cross-sectional studies to investigate any change in the QoL status of healthy children. The aim of the current study is to compare QoL in children 6–12 years old in two large cross-sectional studies of healthy children completed a decade apart. Methods: In the current study children and parents from nine elementary schools (n = 2816) were included in a cross-sectional study investigating children’s QoL. Using the Life Quality in Children and Adolescents (ILC), completed by both children and parents, the global QoL-score was estimated for 2297 children and 1639 parental reports. These results were compared to a similar study performed in 2004. The scores from both studies were divided into categories of below average, average and above average QoL. The percentage change of QoL between the two studies is presented. Results: Our results show that parents report that more children have below and above average QoL in 2015 compared to 2004. In contrast, more children scored in the average and above average QoL category in 2015 than in 2004. Conclusion: Parents reported lower QoL and children higher QoL in 2015 compared to 2004.

Does a Preparation Program Decrease Preoperative Anxiety in Children and Parents?

1994 ◽  
Vol 81 (SUPPLEMENT) ◽  
pp. A1363
Author(s):  
Z. N. Kain ◽  
L. Mayes ◽  
M. Nygren ◽  
M. Speiker ◽  
C. Brandriff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preoperative Anxiety ◽  
Preparation Program ◽  
Children And Parents

Preoperative Anxiety Management

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas L. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Operating Room ◽  
Emotional Distress ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Preoperative Anxiety ◽  
Perioperative Outcomes ◽  
Anxiety Management

Children presenting for surgery are often significantly more anxious compared to adults. This may occur during a new exposure to an unfamiliar environment or repeat exposures to the hospital setting. Pediatric anesthesiologists must utilize a variety of creative and traditional and nontraditional strategies to help alleviate this feeling of anxiety prior to proceeding to the operating room. Knowledge of the consequences of preoperative emotional distress, combined with knowledge of available pharmacological and behavioral interventions, can help enhance the patient’s and the parents’ experience, as well as perioperative outcomes. Both pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic strategies have been successfully utilized perioperatively.

EMDR in the Treatment of Chronic Pain

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Mazzola ◽  
Marìa Lujàn Calcagno ◽  
Marìa Teresa Goicochea ◽  
Honorio Pueyrredòn ◽  
Jorge Leston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Psychological Treatment ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Outcome Evaluation ◽  
Pain Modulation ◽  
Depression Level ◽  
Objective Outcome

Chronic pain can significantly diminish life quality, causing depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbances, and may lead to neuroplastic processes that influence pain modulation. The current study investigated eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) treatment of 38 patients suffering from chronic pain with 12 weekly 90-minute sessions. A battery of self-reported questionnaires assessing quality of life, pain intensity, and depression level were administered pre- and posttreatment for objective outcome evaluation. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM was administered at pretreatment to identify participants’ personality traits that may influence pain perception. Patients showed statistically significant improvement relative to baseline after 12 weeks of EMDR treatment. Our findings suggest that EMDR is an effective tool in the psychological treatment of chronic pain, resulting in decrease pain sensations, pain-related negative affect, and anxiety and depression levels. We examine possible theories about the mechanisms by which EMDR achieves these effects. Results were consistent with the underlying EMDR premise that posits the important effect of emotions on pain perception.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Sleep and Life Quality of Children with Monosemptomatic Nocturnal Enuresis by Assessing Actigraphy

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
Senem Alkan Özdemir ◽  
Pelin Ertan ◽  
Gökhan Tekin ◽  
Özge Yılmaz ◽  
Hasan Yüksel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nocturnal Enuresis ◽  
Life Quality

scholarly journals Effect of A Very Low-Calorie Ketogenic Diet on Food and Alcohol Cravings, Physical and Sexual Activity, Sleep Disturbances, and Quality of Life in Obese Patients

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Castro ◽  
Diego Gomez-Arbelaez ◽  
Ana Crujeiras ◽  
Roser Granero ◽  
Zaida Aguera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Food Control ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Low Calorie ◽  
Alcohol Cravings

Psychological well-being and hunger and food control are two relevant factors involved in the success of weight-loss therapy in treating obesity. Thus, this study aims to evaluate food and alcohol cravings, physical and sexual activity, sleep, and life quality (QoL) in obese patients following a very low-calorie ketogenic (VLCK) diet, as well as the role of weight lost and ketosis on these parameters. A battery of psychological test was performed in twenty obese patients (12 females, 47.2 ± 10.2 year and BMI of 35.5 ± 4.4) through the course of a 4-month VLCK diet on four subsequent visits: baseline, maximum ketosis, reduced ketosis, and endpoint. Each subject acted as their own control. Relevantly, the dietary-induced changes in body composition (7.7 units of BMI lost, 18 kg of fat mass (1.2 kg of visceral fat mass)) were associated with a statistically significant improvement in food craving scores, physical activity, sleepiness, and female sexual function. Overall, these results also translated in a notable enhancement in QoL of the treated obese patients. Therefore, the rapid and sustained weight and fat mass (FM) loss induced by the VLCK diet is associated with good food control and improvements in the psychological well-being parameters in obese subjects, which could contribute to the long-term success of this therapy.

Parental Presence During Induction vs. Sedative Premedication

2018 ◽  
pp. 253-257
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Behavioral Intervention ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Preoperative Anxiety ◽  
Parental Presence ◽  
Pharmacologic Intervention ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Children And Parents ◽  
Oral Midazolam ◽  
Midazolam Premedication

This case focuses on using anesthesia on children and the effects of calming the child by having their parents present. This case asks the question: Is a pharmacologic intervention (midazolam premedication) or a behavioral intervention (parental presence) more effective in reducing anxiety of children undergoing surgery? This randomized controlled trial demonstrated that premedication with oral midazolam was more effective at reducing preoperative anxiety in both children and parents than parental presence during induction. Furthermore, premedicated children were more compliant with induction.

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