scholarly journals Nutritional problems of children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia after hospital discharge

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianluca Lista ◽  
Fabio Meneghin ◽  
Ilia Bresesti ◽  
Francesco Cavigioli
Keyword(s):  
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Neurological Impairment ◽  
Nutrition Management ◽  
Growth Deficiency ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Ventilatory Management

The last decades have seen significant improvements in the care of premature infants. The introduction of new approaches, especially in the ventilatory management, have led to significant increase of survival rate of low and extremely low gestational age infants. These populations of neonates, however, often experience prolonged mechanical ventilation, which is widely recognized to be closely related to bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) development. The management of BPD, which is a multifactorial disease, requires a multidisciplinary approach and remains challenging for all the physicians involved. In fact, short and long-term sequelae are not only related to pulmonary performances but include neurological impairment and growth deficiency. A proper nutrition management since the very first days has shown to significantly contribute to the optimal maturation and functionality of the lung. In this paper, we aim to give an overall of the main principles of nutrition in infants born prematurely, with specific regard to the interventions, which could be relevant in infants affected by BPD.

scholarly journals SIRT1-Related Signaling Pathways and Their Association With Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Yang ◽  
Wenbin Dong
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Mitochondrial Dysfunction ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Short And Long Term

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic and debilitating disease that can exert serious and overwhelming effects on the physical and mental health of premature infants, predominantly due to intractable short- and long-term complications. Oxidative stress is one of the most predominant causes of BPD. Hyperoxia activates a cascade of hazardous events, including mitochondrial dysfunction, uncontrolled inflammation, reduced autophagy, increased apoptosis, and the induction of fibrosis. These events may involve, to varying degrees, alterations in SIRT1 and its associated targets. In the present review, we describe SIRT1-related signaling pathways and their association with BPD. Our intention is to provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms that regulate BPD and identify potential therapeutic targets for this debilitating condition.

Physiotherapy management of patients with major chest trauma: Results from a global survey

Trauma ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heleen van Aswegen ◽  
Julie Reeve ◽  
Lisa Beach ◽  
Romy Parker ◽  
Monika Fagevik Olsèn
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Chest Trauma ◽  
Trauma Team ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Breathing Exercises ◽  
Surgical Fixation ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Ventilatory Management

Aim Major chest trauma is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Management of patients with major chest trauma includes pain relief, ventilatory management, surgical fixation and early rehabilitation to improve both short- and long-term outcomes. Physiotherapy is widely considered an integral component of the multidisciplinary trauma team and aims to improve respiratory status and reduce the sequelae associated with immobility and reduced physical function. Despite this there is scarce evidence describing or investigating physiotherapy interventions and how these practices vary worldwide. The aim of this study was to ascertain the current physiotherapy management of patients having sustained major chest trauma and to investigate how such practices varied internationally. Methods A purpose designed online survey was administered to a group of experienced physiotherapists who work in the field of trauma. Results Response rate was 51% ( n = 49) and respondents represented all five continents. Respondents reported focussing on active coughing ( n = 46, 96%, r = 0.5, p = 0.98), body positioning ( n = 43, 94%, r = 0.7, p = 0.41), deep breathing exercises ( n = 44, 94%, r = 0.8, p = 0.66) and early mobilisation ( n = 47, 98%, r = 1, p = 0.64). Ambulation in hospital was reported to be common ( n = 46, 98%, r = 0.2, p = 0.99) but rehabilitation to address longer term sequelae following hospital discharge was reported to be rare ( n = 4, 8%). Conclusion This survey has highlighted those practices used by physiotherapists worldwide which aim to address the complications associated with major chest trauma. Having established global practice, the study provides a platform for future research investigating the efficacy of such interventions in improving both short- and long-term outcomes for patients following major chest injury.

Patent Ductus Arteriosus and Short- and Long-Term Respiratory Outcomes

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (11) ◽  
pp. 1055-1057 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Bancalari
Keyword(s):  
Patent Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Pulmonary Blood Flow ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Lung Damage ◽  
Early Closure ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Respiratory Outcomes ◽  
Patent Ductus

The patency of the ductus arteriosus is very common in extremely premature infants. The increased pulmonary blood flow that results from left-to-right ductal shunting can produce an acute deterioration in lung function and some data suggest that it may increase the risk of chronic lung damage. However, there is no clear evidence that prophylactic or early closure of the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) results in a clear reduction in bronchopulmonary dysplasia. For this reason, and because of the side effects of the available therapies to close the ductus, there is a wide variation in the approach to the PDA in this population and most clinicians will intervene to close the ductus only in cases of significant shunt with hemodynamic decompensation.

scholarly journals PS-300 Choriamnionitis And Crp As Markers For Short And Long Term Outcomes In Premature Infants

2014 ◽  
Vol 99 (Suppl 2) ◽  
pp. A220.1-A220
Author(s):  
E Ryan ◽  
D Eves ◽  
P Jayadev Menon ◽  
S Alnafisee ◽  
R Segurado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Premature Infants ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Short And Long Term

scholarly journals Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) for preventing prematurity-related bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD): 7-year follow-up of the European Union Nitric Oxide (EUNO) trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-110
Author(s):  
Anne Greenough ◽  
Fabrice Decobert ◽  
David Field ◽  
Mikko Hallman ◽  
Helmut D. Hummler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Oxygen Therapy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Inhaled Nitric Oxide ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Home Oxygen Therapy

AbstractObjectivesMost studies of inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) for prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in premature infants have focused on short-term mortality and morbidity. Our aim was to determine the long-term effects of iNO.MethodsA 7-year follow-up was undertaken of infants entered into a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of iNO for prevention of BPD in premature infants born between 24 and 28 weeks plus six days of gestation. At 7 years, survival and hospital admissions since the 2-year follow-up, home oxygen therapy in the past year, therapies used in the previous month and growth assessments were determined. Questionnaires were used to compare general health, well-being, and quality of life.ResultsA total of 305 children were assessed. No deaths were reported. Rates of hospitalization for respiratory problems (6.6 vs. 10.5%, iNO and placebo group, respectively) and use of respiratory medications (6.6 vs. 9.2%) were similar. Two patients who received iNO and one who received placebo had received home oxygen therapy. There were no significant differences in any questionnaire-documented health outcomes.ConclusionsiNO for prevention of BPD in very premature infants with respiratory distress did not result in long-term benefits or adverse long-term sequelae. In the light of current evidence, routine use of iNO cannot be recommended for prevention of BPD in preterm infants.

Renal Calcification in Premature Infants

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 992-992
Author(s):  
MARTIN A. GOLDSMITH
Keyword(s):  
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Similar Case ◽  
Male Infant ◽  
Personal Communication ◽  
Renal Calculus

To the Editor.— Hufnagle et al1 reported on ten premature infants who developed renal calcifications while receiving long-term furosemide therapy for bronchopulmonary dysplasia. A similar case has been reported,2 and I have been informed of another premature male infant with bronchopulmonary dysplasia who developed a left renal calculus while receiving chronic furosemide therapy. At six months of age, the infant developed hydronephrosis, which required nephrostomy for decompression and removal of the calculus (N. Visveshwara, personal communication, 1982).

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