scholarly journals Immunohistochemical Diagnosis of Primary Cardiac Leiomyosarcoma in a Latin American Patient

Rare Tumors ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruben Blachman-Braun ◽  
Carlos Manuel Aboitiz-Rivera ◽  
Alberto Aranda-Fraustro ◽  
Adrián Ransom-Rodríguez ◽  
Mario Enrique Baltazares-Lipp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Pulmonary Veins ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Cardiac Tumors ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Heart Neoplasms ◽  
American Patient ◽  
Immunohistochemical Diagnosis

Primary cardiac malignancies are rare entities. Although sarcomas enclosed the main group of malignant heart neoplasms, primary cardiac leiomyosarcomas are extremely rare and constitutes less than 8% of cardiac tumors. Leiomyosarcoma usually originates from the pulmonary veins and have a worm-like shaped structure. In this article, we present a case of a 40-year-old Hispanic man diagnosed with a cardiac tumor who underwent surgical resection, during pathological examination the tissue samples were consistent with a malignancy of mesenchymal origin that contained irregular bundles of spindle cells. Subsequent immunohistochemical study categorized the mass as a primary heart leiomyosarcoma with positive smooth muscle actin and muscle specific actin. As usual in this type of malignancy, patient's clinical status declined overtime, recurrence was diagnosed two months after surgery, and four months after the procedure the patient was discharge for palliative care.

scholarly journals Primary Cardiac Epithelioid Angiosarcoma in a Latin American Patient: Case Report and Literature Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Dan Morgenstern-Kaplan ◽  
Carlos Manuel Aboitiz-Rivera ◽  
Ruben Blachman-Braun ◽  
María Eugenia Vázquez-Manríquez ◽  
Benito Sarabia-Ortega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
Cardiac Tumors ◽  
Epithelioid Angiosarcoma ◽  
Cardiac Angiosarcoma ◽  
Immunohistochemistry Analysis ◽  
American Patient ◽  
Great Vessels ◽  
Epithelioid Variant

Cardiac angiosarcoma is a rare and clinically challenging pathology. It is a high-grade primary malignant tumor of the heart tissue that has many variants, of which the epithelioid variant is rarely present in the heart or the great vessels. As with many other cardiac tumors, it is mainly a diagnosis of exclusion and the initial diagnostic test is an echocardiogram followed by a biopsy with immunohistochemistry analysis to ascertain the type of tumor. The differential diagnosis of cardiac tumors is challenging due to the overlapping clinical manifestations with different cardiac tumors and systemic diseases. Cardiac angiosarcomas are often aggressive with a poor prognosis even with treatment. Herein, we present a case of the epithelioid variant of a cardiac angiosarcoma in addition to a thorough review of the recent literature on the clinical manifestation, diagnosis, and treatment of this type of tumors.

scholarly journals Significance of intra-nodular vessel sign in differentiating benign and malignant pulmonary ground-glass nodules

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin-jie Fu ◽  
Fa-jin Lv ◽  
Wang-jia Li ◽  
Rui-yu Lin ◽  
Yi-neng Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Pulmonary Veins ◽  
Ground Glass ◽  
Occurrence Rate ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Common Occurrence ◽  
Vascular Changes ◽  
Distance Ratio ◽  
Pulmonary Vessels ◽  
Ground Glass Nodules

Abstract Background The presence of pulmonary vessels inside ground-glass nodules (GGNs) of different nature is a very common occurrence. This study aimed to reveal the significance of pulmonary vessels displayed in GGNs in their diagnosis and differential diagnosis. Results A total of 149 malignant and 130 benign GGNs confirmed by postoperative pathological examination were retrospectively enrolled in this study. There were significant differences in size, shape, nodule-lung interface, pleural traction, lobulation, and spiculation (each p < 0.05) between benign and malignant GGNs. Compared with benign GGNs, intra-nodular vessels were more common in malignant GGNs (67.79% vs. 54.62%, p = 0.024), while the vascular categories were similar (p = 0.663). After adjusting the nodule size and the distance between the nodule center and adjacent pleura [radius–distance ratio, RDR], the occurrences of internal vessels between them were similar. The number of intra-nodular vessels was positively correlated with nodular diameter and RDR. Vascular changes were more common in malignant than benign GGNs (52.48% vs. 18.31%, p < 0.0001), which mainly manifested as distortion and/or dilation of pulmonary veins (61.19%). The occurrence rate, number, and changes of internal vessels had no significant differences among all the pre-invasive and invasive lesions (each p > 0.05). Conclusions The incidence of internal vessels in GGNs is mainly related to their size and the distance between nodule and pleura rather than the pathological nature. However, GGNs with dilated or distorted internal vessels, especially pulmonary veins, have a higher possibility of malignancy.

Abstract CT190: Latin American patient subgroup analysis of the phase 3 TITAN study: Apalutamide plus ADT in metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer (mHSPC)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvaro Juarez ◽  
Kim N. Chi ◽  
Andrea J. Pereira ◽  
Simon Chowdhury ◽  
Spyros Triantos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
Patient Subgroup ◽  
American Patient ◽  
Hormone Sensitive

Coexistence of idiopathic intracranial hypertension and optic disc drusen in a latin american patient: case report

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.D. Escobar Gómez ◽  
D.l. Jaramillo Velásquez ◽  
P.L. Cárdenas Angelone ◽  
L.K. Martínez Malo ◽  
C. Vélez Álvarez
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Optic Disc ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Patient Case ◽  
American Patient ◽  
Optic Disc Drusen

Upregulation of ET-1 and its receptors and remodeling in small pulmonary veins under hypoxic conditions

2001 ◽  
Vol 280 (6) ◽  
pp. L1104-L1114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideki Takahashi ◽  
Sanae Soma ◽  
Masashi Muramatsu ◽  
Masahiko Oka ◽  
Yoshinosuke Fukuchi
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Vascular Remodeling ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Pulmonary Veins ◽  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
Immunohistochemical Method ◽  
Muscle Actin ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions

Pulmonary veins show greater sensitivity to endothelin (ET)-1-induced vasoconstriction than pulmonary arteries, and remodeling was observed in pulmonary veins under hypoxic conditions. We examined, using an immunohistochemical method, the expression of Big ET-1, ET-converting enzyme (ECE), and ETA and ETB receptors in rat pulmonary veins under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. In control rats, Big ET-1 and ECE were coexpressed in the intima and media of the pulmonary veins, with an even distribution along the axial pathway. ETA and ETB receptors were expressed in the pulmonary veins, with a predominant distribution in the proximal segments. The expression of Big ET-1 was more abundant in the pulmonary veins than in the pulmonary arteries. After exposure to hypoxia for 7 or 14 days, the expression of Big ET-1, ECE, and ET receptors increased in small pulmonary veins. Increases in the medial thickness, wall thickness, and immunoreactivity for α-smooth muscle actin were also observed in the small pulmonary veins under hypoxic conditions. The upregulation of ET-1 and ET receptors in the small pulmonary veins is associated with vascular remodeling, which may lead to the development of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension.

scholarly journals Nanotechnology and adeno-associated virus-based decorin gene therapy ameliorates peritoneal fibrosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 307 (7) ◽  
pp. F777-F782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunal Chaudhary ◽  
Harold Moore ◽  
Ashish Tandon ◽  
Suneel Gupta ◽  
Ramesh Khanna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Mesothelial Cell ◽  
Peritoneal Fibrosis ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Adeno Associated Virus ◽  
Peritoneal Tissue ◽  
Stage Renal Disease

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a life-sustaining therapy for end-stage renal disease (ESRD), used by 10–15% of the dialysis population worldwide. Peritoneal fibrosis (PF) is a known complication of long-term PD and frequently follows episodes of peritonitis, rendering the peritoneal membrane inadequate for dialysis. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β is an inducer of fibrosis in several tissues and organs, and its overexpression has been correlated with PF. Animal models of peritonitis have shown an increase in expression of TGF-β in the peritoneal tissue. Decorin, a proteoglycan and component of the extracellular matrix, inactivates TGF-β, consequently reducing fibrosis in many tissues. Recently, gold nanoparticles (GNP) have been used for drug delivery in a variety of settings. In the present study, we tested the possibility that GNP-delivered decorin gene therapy ameliorates zymosan-mediated PF. We created a PF model using zymosan-induced peritonitis. Rats were treated with no decorin, GNP-decorin, or adeno-associated virus-decorin (AAV-decorin) and compared with controls. Tissue samples were then stained for Masson's trichrome, enface silver, and hematoxylin and eosin, and immunohistochemistry was carried out with antibodies to TGF-β1, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and VEGF. Animals which were treated with GNP-decorin and AAV-decorin gene therapy had significant reductions in PF compared with untreated animals. Compared with untreated animals, the treated animals had better preserved peritoneal mesothelial cell size, a significant decrease in peritoneal thickness, and decreased α-SMA. Quantitative PCR measurements showed a significant decrease in the peritoneal tissue levels of α-SMA, TGF-β, and VEGF in treated vs. untreated animals. This study shows that both GNP-delivered and AAV-mediated decorin gene therapies significantly decrease PF in vivo in a rodent model. This approach has important clinical translational potential in providing a therapeutic strategy to prevent PF in PD patients.

scholarly journals Primary retromolar malignant melanoma in a Latin American patient

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 030006052091924
Author(s):  
Carlos-Martín Ardila ◽  
Joan-Michael Arce-Jaramillo ◽  
Efraín Álvarez-Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Primary Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Metastatic Lesions ◽  
Immunohistochemistry Staining ◽  
American Patient ◽  
Hmb 45

Primary malignant melanoma of the oral mucosa is rare and has scarcely been reported in patients from Latin America. The most frequently affected sites include the palate and gingiva of the maxilla. In this report, we describe primary malignant melanoma in a Latin American patient. A 3 × 3.5-cm black tumor was observed on the upper left retromolar area. The lesion exhibited a sessile base, irregular edges, soft consistency, and pain on palpation. Immunohistochemistry staining results were positive for S100 and HMB-45; the Ki-67 index was 20%. Contrast tomography of the skull, face, abdomen, and thorax, as well as ultrasound of the liver, did not reveal metastatic lesions. The patient underwent wide surgical excision of the lesion, followed by radiotherapy; he was subsequently rehabilitated with a somato prosthesis.

Capsular warning syndrome as a manifestation of isolated middle cerebral artery dissection in a Latin American patient

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. NP10-NP11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Bonardo ◽  
Lucrecia Bandeo ◽  
Aníbal Chertcoff ◽  
Fátima Pantiu ◽  
Gustavo Masenga
Keyword(s):  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Artery Dissection ◽  
American Patient ◽  
Cerebral Artery Dissection ◽  
Capsular Warning Syndrome

scholarly journals Predicting outcome of neuroblastoma using N-myc status and Trk-A expression

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1226
Author(s):  
Sankkara Barathi Chandrasekaran ◽  
Gopinath Vinayagamoorthy
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Cancer ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Mycn Amplification ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
The Third ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Predicting Outcome ◽  
Trk A ◽  
Stage 1

Background: Neuroblastoma is an embryonal cancer of the postganglionic sympathetic nervous system. It is the third most common pediatric cancer. The aim of the present study was to determine MYCN amplification and Trk-A expression in tissue samples of neuroblastoma cases and to correlate them with clinical status, stage and histopathology of the disease.Methods: This prospective study was conducted at the Institute of Child Health and hospital for children [ICH & HC], Egmore during the period from June 2011 to March 2012. Ten children of age between 8 months to 12 years diagnosed with neuroblastoma were included in the study. Tissue samples were collected from all patients and sent to evaluate histopathology to confirm the presence of neuroblastoma. Gene expression was studied using TaqMan quantitative RT-PCR. Immunohistochemistry of tissues samples were done to evaluate N-myc amplification and Trk A expression.Results: The most common presenting symptom was mass in the abdomen (60%) in the patients. In majority, stage 3 neuroblastoma was noticed in 5 (50%) cases. On histopathology, 2 (20%) cases were identified of ganglioneuro-blastoma, and 8 (80%) cases as neuroblastoma. N-myc was amplified in 3 cases (30%). No amplification was noted in all 3 cases (0%) of stage 1. None of the case in this study group showed Trk-A expression.Conclusions: N-myc amplification was well correlated with the stages of neuroblastoma. It should be considered to be as an important prognostic marker to select appropriate treatment in children with neuroblastomas.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document