immunohistochemistry analysis
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2021 ◽  
pp. 113198
Author(s):  
Zuwena A. Richardson ◽  
Claire Deleage ◽  
Candani S.A. Tutuka ◽  
Marzena Walkiewicz ◽  
Perla M. Del Río-Estrada ◽  
...  

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenghuang Shen ◽  
Chunliang Tung ◽  
Chunnun Chao ◽  
Yeongchin Jou ◽  
Shupei Huang ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Studies have shown that human polyomavirus infection may be associated with various human cancers. We investigated the potential relationship between the prevalence of JCPyVor BKPyV and prostate cancer (PC) in patients from Taiwan. Methods Patients with PC and benign prostate hypertrophy (BPH; 76 and 30 patients, respectively) were recruited for this study. Paraffin-embedded tissues and clinical information of the patients were obtained. The tissue sections were used for viral DNA detection and immunohistochemistry analysis was performed for examining viral large T (LT) and VP1 proteins. Regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between the clinical characteristics of the patients and the risk of JCPyV/BKPyV infection. Results The prevalence of JCPyV/BKPyV DNA was different in PC and BPH tissues (27/76 [35.52%] and 2/30 [6.7%], respectively, p = 0.003)]. The LT and VP1 proteins were detected in 27 (35.52%) and 29 PC (38.2%) specimens, respectively, but neither protein was detected in BPH samples (p < 0.001). PC cells were more susceptible to JCPyV infection than BPH tissues [odds ratio (OR) 7.71, 95% CI: 1.71–34.09, p = 0.003). Patients with PC showing high levels of prostate-specific antigen and high Gleason scores were associated with a high risk of viral infection (ORs 1.1, 95% CI 1.000–1.003; p = 0.045 and ORs 6.18, 95% CI 1.26–30.33, p = 0.025, respectively). The expression of LT protein associated with the risk of PC increased 2923.39-fold (95% CI 51.19–166,963.62, p < 0.001). Conclusions The findings indicate that JCPyV infection in PC cells may be associated with prostate cancer progression and prognosis. Graphical abstract


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Wei ◽  
Attigah S. D. Kwasi ◽  
Qi Li ◽  
Hongyan Wu ◽  
Jun Chen ◽  
...  

Abstract Background: Plexiform fibromyxoma (PF) is a very rare mesenchymal tumor of the stomach. Here we report one case of this unusual gastric tumor that was pathologically confirmed after endoscopic resection. Its clinical and pathologic features were observed while the relevant literature was reviewed. Case presentation: A 1.0 cm round elevated submucosal mass was discovered by gastroscopy in a 44-year-old Chinese woman due to recurrent abdominal pain. The tumor was characterized by a multinodular plexiform pattern, bland-looking oval to spindle cells, and a myxoid stroma with thin arborizing capillaries. Immunohistochemistry analysis revealed that the tumor cells were positive for smooth muscle actin (SMA) and negative for CD117, DOG-1, CD34, Desmin, progesterone receptor (PR), CD10, S100 and SOX10. A diagnosis of PF was rendered.Conclusion: Gastric PF is a benign tumor without evidence of local recurrence and distant metastasis. This case emphasizes the unique histological appearance and immunophenotype of PF to promote early diagnosis, while endoscopic resection can be used as an alternative treatment for small and superficial PF.


Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 5200
Author(s):  
Alessandra Battaglia ◽  
Alessia Piermattei ◽  
Alexia Buzzonetti ◽  
Tina Pasciuto ◽  
Nicole Zampetti ◽  
...  

Background: Ovarian cancer (OC) has recently attracted attention for the use of PD-1/PD-L1 axis blocking agents, with durable activity reported only in a subset of patients. The most used biomarker for sensitivity to the PD-1/PD-L1 axis blockade is tumour PD-L1 status by immunohistochemistry. However, patient stratification using this method suffers from intrinsic heterogeneity of OC, likely contributing to the unsatisfactory results obtained so far. Cells communicate with each other by releasing microvesicles (MVs) that carry parental cell surface features. Thus, we hypothesised that PD-L1+ tumour cells (TC) and infiltrating PD-L1+ leukocytes should shed MVs carrying surface PD-L1 that may serve as a proxy for the whole tumour PD-L1 status. Results: We showed for the first time the presence of measurable amounts of TC- and leukocyte-derived PD-L1+ MVs (range: 1.4–178.8 MVs/μL and 6.2–504.8 MVs/μL, respectively) in the plasma of high-grade serous OC (HGSOC) patients (n = 63), using a sensitive flow cytometry platform. The concentration of PD-L1+ MVs of either origin did not associate with the PD-L1 status of TCs and leukocytes in the tumour biopsies, suggesting that the circulating PD-L1+ MVs also included ones from locations not selected for immunohistochemistry analysis and represented the PD-L1 status of the whole tumour mass. In this study, we also describe the serendipitous discovery of circulating PD-L1+ MVs of platelet origin (10.3–2409.6 MVs/μL). Conclusions: The enumeration of circulating PD-L1+ MVs in HGSOC patients may provide a novel direction for assessing the tumour PD-L1 status and contribute to HGSOC patient stratification for immunotherapy interventions. The presence of circulating PD-L1+ MVs of platelet origin, a finding not yet reported in HGSOC patients, warrants further studies.


2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-101
Author(s):  
E. Udo ◽  
I. Precious Oloyede ◽  
E.U. Bassey ◽  
O. Udoh

Histiocytoses are a rare group of proliferative disorders with very similar clinical and histological pictures. We present a case report of two variants seen in an eight-month-old female and five-month-old male in a tertiary hospital in southern Nigeria. They both presented with painless neck swellings and fever, leucocytosis, neutrophilia and lymphopenia. Initial histologic examinations of the cervical lymph nodes biopsy posed a diagnostic conundrum. However, Immuno-histochemical analysis done on both sample showed CD1a, positive S100 in keeping with Langerhans cell histiocytosis in the former. While, that of the latter showed strongly positive CD68, positive S-100 in 30% cells in keeping with Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (SLMH) in the latter. Clinicians should have a high index of suspicion for histiocytosis in children presenting with generalised lymphadenopathy. Also, apart from the routine histology, immunohistochemistry analysis is recommended for all cases


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Qiaoyan Ding ◽  
Shuman Wang ◽  
Qi Wu ◽  
Ping Ni ◽  
...  

Abstract Background: Prolactinomas have harmful effects on human health, and the pathogenesis is still unknown. Furthermore, the morbidity of women is much more than man, maybe related with estradiol level. Thus, it is important to reveal the pathogenesis and develop new therapeutic methods for prolactinomas.Methods: Immunofluorescence analysis or Immunohistochemistry analysis were performed on the ERβ, TLR4 and prolactin (PRL) expressions of pituitary gland in C57BL/6 mice and human prolactinoma specimen. In the present study, the role of TLR4 in prolactinoma was determined using estradiol-induced mice models in C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) and TLR4−/− mice. MMQ cells were treated with estradiol, fulvestrant, LPS or transfected with different TLR4 small interfering RNA, which to study ERβ, TLR4 and PRL expression in MMQ cells. Co‑immunoprecipitates analysis was used to investigate the interaction between ERβ and TLR4.Results: Immunofluorescence analysis or Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that PRL and TLR4 expression were co-located and increased in the pituitary gland of mice and human prolactinoma specimen compared with the control specimen. It was shown that PRL and TLR4 expression was co-located and increased significantly in the pituitary gland of estradiol-injected prolactinoma mice compared with the control mice. Knockout of TLR4 significantly inhibited tumor overgrowth, and PRL expression was decreased in estradiol-induced mice through regulating TLR4/NF‑κB/p38MAPK pathway. Estradiol promoted PRL expression through regulating TLR4/NF‑κB/p38MAPK pathway in vitro study, and pre-Inhibiting ERβ or TLR4 reverse the effect, while simultaneously activating ERβ and TLR4 enhanced PRL expression than activating single ERβ or TLR4. Furthermore, ERβ co-immunoprecipitates with endogenous TLR4 was assessed by co-immunoprecipitation analysis.Conclusions: These results suggest that estradiol promoted prolactinoma development by activating the TLR4/NF‑κB/ p38MAPK pathway through Erβ and TLR4 knockout inhibited the proliferation and secretion of prolactin in prolactinoma.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 224
Author(s):  
Jun Kwon ◽  
Sang Wha Kim ◽  
Sang Guen Kim ◽  
Hyoun Joong Kim ◽  
Sung Bin Lee ◽  
...  

A two-year-old ball python with a submandibular mass was evaluated. Fine needle aspiration resulted in debris containing purulent materials and bacterial cells on cytology. Radiography demonstrated multi-focal radiopaque lesions in the mass, which were suspected to be mineralization; there was an absence of mandibular invasion or lung involvement. Gross examination of the surgically excised mass revealed a multi-nodular, well-circumscribed lesion with purulent material. The postoperative recovery was uneventful. The histopathological examination followed by immunohistochemistry analysis gave a diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma. As tumors containing purulent materials can be confused with an abscess, diagnostic confirmation with various diagnostical tools should be considered.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Yan ◽  
Liangsong Zhu ◽  
Jin Zhang ◽  
Zongming Lin

AbstractKidney cancer, especially clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), is one of the representative genitourinary tumors. Investigation of underlying mechanisms of ccRCC development is crucial for patient management. Histone demethylase KDM4D has been reported to be responsible for development of a variety of cancers. However, the role of KDM4D in ccRCC progression is poorly understood. In our study, we performed immunohistochemistry analysis of tissue microarrays first, and results showed that high expression level of KDM4D is connected with advanced Fuhrman grade (p = 0.0118) and lower overall survival (p = 0.0020). Then, we revealed that KDM4D can prompt ccRCC development by interacting with genes related to vessel morphogenesis. Finally, we disclosed that KDM4D directly interacts with JAG1 promoter and advances tumor angiogenesis by upregulating VEGFR-3 and antagonizing notch signaling. The results of our study indicate that KDM4D would be a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target for ccRCC patients.


Author(s):  
Izaura Helena Chaves de Meneses ◽  
Gêisa Aiane de Morais Sampaio ◽  
Rayssa Amaral Vieira ◽  
Márcio José da Silva Campos ◽  
Polliana Muniz Alves ◽  
...  

Abstract Objective The focus of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of ionomer cements modified with ethanolic extracts of propolis (EEP) in different concentrations and time intervals. Materials and Methods In total, one hundred and thirty-five male Wistar rats were randomized into nine groups: Control, Groups Meron, and Groups Ketac (conventional, and added with 10, 25, 50% EEP, respectively). Histological analyses of inflammatory infiltrate and collagen fibers, and immunohistochemistry of CD68+ for macrophages (MOs) and multinucleated giant cells (MGCs) were performed. Statistical Analysis Data were analyzed using the Kruskal—Wallis and Dunn (p < 0.05) tests. Results Intense inflammatory infiltrate was demonstrated in the cements with 10% EEP at 7 days and 15 days (p < 0.05), only Group Ketac 10% EEP (p = 0.01) at 30 days. A smaller quantity of collagen fibers was observed in the cements with 10% EEP (p = 0.01) at 7 days, and Group Meron 10% EEP (p = 0.04) at 15 days. MOs and MGCs showed significant difference for the cements with 10% EEP (p = 0.01) at 7 and 15 days. At 30 days, MOs persisted in the Groups with 10% EEP. Conclusions The concentration of 10% EEP had the greatest influence on the inflammatory and tissue repair processes. The concentrations of 25 and 50% EEP demonstrated biocompatibility similar to that of cements that did not receive EEP.


Author(s):  
Sarah Benchabane ◽  
Assia Slimani-Kaddouri ◽  
Dahbia Acheli ◽  
Thouraya Bendimerad-Iratene ◽  
Redouane Mesbah ◽  
...  

Background: Primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by epithelial atrophy, mononuclear infiltration in exocrine glands resulting in defective function of these glands. In pSS, atrophy of the epithelium is caused by an increased amount of apoptosis. Objective: The main aim of this study is to investigate the role of the apoptosis-related factors by studying Bcl-2, Fas and FasL expression in relation to the extent of inflammation as well as the effect of therapy on the expression of these mediators. Methods: In pSS patients (n=62) documented for their serological and clinical features, Fas, FasL and Bcl-2 plasma levels were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. In the same context, we investigated their expression by immunohistochemistry analysis in the labial salivary glands samples in association with the extent of inflammation. Results : Interestingly, our results indicated that in pSS patients, the plasmatic Bcl-2, Fas and FasL levels, which appear to be associated with the severity of inflammation and were significantly elevated in comparison to the healthy controls. Moreover, a significant decrease in all these factors was observed in patients after combined corticosteroids-hydroxychloroquine therapy. Importantly, we report a strong positive correlation between Bcl-2 and NO levels. The immunohistochemical staining reveals a strong Bcl-2 expression in infiltrating mononuclear cells and a total absence in the acinar cells. The Bcl-2 level varies according to the severity of the pathology. However, the expression of Fas and FasL was less important and predominantly localized in infiltrating mononuclear cells. Conclusion: Our current study highlights the involvement of Bcl-2, Fas and FasL in pSS glands injury. These factors may act as useful predictor markers of a clinical course in pSS suggesting a novel approach in the pSS patients monitoring.


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