scholarly journals HEMATOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF YEMENI ADULTS AND CHILDREN WITH VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS. COULD EOSINOPENIA BE A SUSPICION INDEX?

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 2017056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jameel Al-Ghazaly ◽  
Waled Al-Dubai ◽  
Munasser Abdullah ◽  
Leila Al-Gharasi
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspiration ◽  
Bone Marrow Examination ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Frequent Accompaniment ◽  
Suspicion Index

Background and objectives: Delay in the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) particularly in non-endemic areas is associated with higher mortality. In our experience, we found that marked bone marrow eosinopenia was a very frequent accompaniment of VL and might be a useful clue for the diagnosis, which indicates the opportunity for further morphological assessment. The aim of this study was to describe the hematological characteristics including peripheral blood and bone marrow findings of Yemeni adults and children with VL.Methods: We conducted a descriptive analytic study to evaluate systematically peripheral blood and bone marrow findings of Yemeni adults and children with VL. Peripheral blood and bone marrow aspiration of patients with bone marrow aspirate confirmed VL were examined. Forty-seven patients with the main age (±SD) of 17.34±11.37 years (Range: 1-60) were included in the study. Fifty-one non-VL subjects with splenomegaly and pancytopenia or bicytopenia served as control group.Results: All patients with VL had anemia, 41 (87%) leukopenia, 42 (89%) neutropenia, 44 (94%) thrombocytopenia, 42 (89%) eosinopenia, 34 (72%) pancytopenia and 13 (28%) had bicytopenia. In bone marrow examination 40 (85%) showed hypercellularity, 44 (94%) eosinopenia, 24 (51%) dyserythropoiesis, 22 (47%) lymphocytosis, 8 (17%) plasmacytosis, 27 (57%) decreased iron stores and 20 (43%) showed decreased sideroblasts. Comparison of VL patients with the control group showed significantly more frequent peripheral blood eosinopenia and lymphopenia and marrow eosinopenia. There was no significant difference between adults and children in any of the hematological features.Conclusion: Anemia, leukopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, eosinopenia, pancytopenia and marked bone marrow eosinopenia were the most common findings. The finding of marked bone marrow eosinopenia is a significant clue for the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis in patients who present with splenomegaly associated with cytopenias. This finding is particularly valuable in non-endemic areas.Keywords: Visceral Leishmaniasis, Yemen, Early Diagnosis, Hematological Features, Bone Marrow Eosinopenia.

scholarly journals Evaluation of qPCR on blood and skin microbiopsies, peripheral blood buffy coat smear, and urine antigen ELISA for diagnosis and test of cure for visceral leishmaniasis in HIV-coinfected patients in India: a prospective cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. e042519
Author(s):  
Sophie I Owen ◽  
Sakib Burza ◽  
Shiril Kumar ◽  
Neena Verma ◽  
Raman Mahajan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspiration ◽  
Buffy Coat ◽  
Tropical Medicine ◽  
Urine Antigen ◽  
Antigen Elisa

IntroductionHIV coinfection presents a challenge for diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Invasive splenic or bone marrow aspiration with microscopic visualisation of Leishmania parasites remains the gold standard for diagnosis of VL in HIV-coinfected patients. Furthermore, a test of cure by splenic or bone marrow aspiration is required as patients with VL-HIV infection are at a high risk of treatment failure. However, there remain financial, implementation and safety costs to these invasive techniques which severely limit their use under field conditions.Methods and analysisWe aim to evaluate blood and skin qPCR, peripheral blood buffy coat smear microscopy and urine antigen ELISA as non-invasive or minimally invasive alternatives for diagnosis and post-treatment test of cure for VL in HIV-coinfected patients in India, using a sample of 91 patients with parasitologically confirmed symptomatic VL-HIV infection.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval for this study has been granted by The Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, The Institute of Tropical Medicine in Antwerp, the University of Antwerp and the Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Science in Patna. Any future publications will be published in open access journals.Trial registration numberCTRI/2019/03/017908.

scholarly journals Clinical observations of bone marrow transfusion for promoting bone marrow reconstruction after chemotherapy for AIDS-related lymphoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yixuan Liu ◽  
Suhong Xie ◽  
Lei Li ◽  
Yanhui Si ◽  
Weiwei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Immune System ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Autologous Bone Marrow ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Peripheral Vein ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Autologous Bone ◽  
Aids Related Lymphoma

Abstract Background This study investigates the effect of autologous bone marrow transfusion (BMT) on the reconstruction of both bone marrow and the immune system in patients with AIDS-related lymphoma (ARL). Methods A total of 32 patients with ARL participated in this study. Among them, 16 participants were treated with conventional surgery and chemotherapy (control group) and the remaining 16 patients were treated with chemotherapy followed by autologous bone marrow transfusion via a mesenteric vein (8 patients, ABM-MVI group) or a peripheral vein (8 patients, ABM-PI group). Subsequently, peripheral blood and lymphocyte data subsets were detected and documented in all patients. Results Before chemotherapy, no significant difference in indicators was observed between three groups of ARL patients. Unexpectedly, 2 weeks after the end of 6 courses of chemotherapy, the ABM-MVI group, and the ABM-PI group yielded an increased level of CD8+T lymphocytes, white blood cells (WBC), and platelet (PLT) in peripheral blood in comparison to the control group. Notably, the number of CD4+T lymphocytes in the ABM-PI group was significantly higher than that in the other two groups. Additionally, no significant difference in haemoglobin levels was observed before and after chemotherapy in both the ABM-MVI and ABM-PI groups, while haemoglobin levels in the control group decreased significantly following chemotherapy. Conclusions Autologous bone marrow transfusion after chemotherapy can promote the reconstruction of both bone marrow and the immune system. There was no significant difference in bone marrow recovery and reconstruction between the mesenteric vein transfusion group and the peripheral vein transfusion group.

scholarly journals TO DETERMINE THE FREQUENCY OF VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS IN PERIPHERAL CYTOPENIC PATIENT IN PATHOLOGY DEPARTMENT HAYATABAD MEDICAL COMPLEX.

1969 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 560-566
Author(s):  
ZARD ALI KHAN ◽  
MOHAMMAD SAJJAD ◽  
IMRAN UD DIN ◽  
MUKAMIL SHAH ◽  
SHAH JEHAN
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspiration ◽  
Bone Marrow Examination ◽  
Total Leukocyte Count ◽  
Full Blood Count ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Pathology Department ◽  
Case Series Study

BACKGROUND: Visceral Leishmaniasis is a chronic disease and was first described in 1903, byLIESHMAN and DONOVAN. The disease is common in tropical and sub tropical areas of the worldwith various hematological manifestations. It is characterized by fever, visceromegaly, weight loss,pancytopenia and hypergammaglobulenemia. The disease is silent killer, invariably killing almost alluntreated patients, but curable with hematological improvement within 4-6 weeks of treatment.OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of Visceral Leishmaniasis in patints with cytopenias .MATERIAL AND METHODS: A descriptive study conducted in Pathology department, HayatabadMedical Complex, Hayatabad from September 1, 2012 to August 31, 2013. This study comprises of 126patients, subjected to complete blood counts. Diagnosis were confirmed by finding Amastigote( L/Dbody) from bonemarrow aspirate. All the patients who were referred to pathology Department of thehospital for bone marrow examination, with the results of peripheral blood using automatedHaematology analyzer, Sysmex KX 21 showing cytopenia were included in the study. Consent wastaken from the patient for bone-marrow aspiration procedure. After consent detailed history, physicalexamination was done.Laboratory investigations i.e. full blood count, which includes hemoglobin estimation, white blood cell,red blood, and platelet count.Bone marrow cytology (Giemsa stain) was recorded on the designed profroma.Posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS) was used as the site for aspiration in adults and children over 2years of ageRESULT: Descriptive case series study of 126 patients of peripheral cytopenia. In which 77 (61.1%)patients were males and 49 (38.9%) were female with male to female ratio of 1.57: 1 It was also foundin this study that visceral leishmaniasis was present in 29 (23%) of cases and the male: female were 1.6:1. Result of the automated hematology analyzer of peripheral cytopenic patients in visceralleishmaniasis show that all of the patients were having total leukocyte count less than 4000/cmm(100%). The hemoglobin level wass less than lOgm/dl in 26 cases (87.7%) and more than lOgm/dl inthree cases (10.3%). In case of platelets count, 27 cases (93.1%) were having platelets count less than150000/cmm.CONCLUSION: Incidence of visceral leishmaniasis is highier in children age group 1-10 years, alsomales are more prone than females. Leukopenia is recorded in all (100%) of the cases, followed bythrombocytopenia (93.1%) and anemia (Hb <10gm %) 87.7% cases.KEY WORD: Visceral Leishmaniasis, Kala Azar, Amastigote (L/D body)

Differential Expression Of TREM-1 In Myelogenous Leukemia Cells

Blood ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 122 (21) ◽  
pp. 4951-4951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiyu Li ◽  
Wenying Li ◽  
Xiaoling Yi ◽  
Shiang Huang ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Complete Remission ◽  
Patient Group ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
Leukemia Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Patient Groups

Abstract Objectives Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM) -1 is a receptor as a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily expressed on the cell-surface of neutrophils, monocytes and macrophages. This receptor amplifies the inflammatory response, activating the signaling pathway. TREM-1 expression is associated with mature myeloid cell development. TREM-1 is shed from the membrane of activated macrophages without the transmembrane and intracellular domains, and can be found as soluble TREM (sTREM)-1. Soluble TREM-1 is thought to negatively regulate TREM receptor signaling. Some studies currently reported that TREM-1 regulates the malignant behavior of cancer cells in lung cancer and HCC. However, no related studies about the role of TREM-1 in leukemia have been carried out. The aims of this study was investigated the TREM-1 expression in myelogenous leukemia cells. Methods Thirty-five patients with AML, twenty-five patients with CML and a control group of eleven healthy people were subjected to the study. TREM-1 expressions on the surfaces of leukemia cells were measured by flow cytometry. Plasma sTREM-1 levels were measured by ELISA. Results In this study, our results provide the first evidence that TREM-1 was differentially expressed in myelogenous leukemia cells. The TREM-1 mean ratio of median fluorescence intensity (mean ratio of MFI) was 3.13±0.88 and 2.52±0.40 in CML and AML patients, respectively. The TREM-1 mean ratio of MFI was 3.03±1.40 in myelogenous leukemia cell lines (K562, HL60, THP-1). The TREM-1 mean ratio of MFI was 5.37±0.88 in healthy controls. Compared to healthy controls, myelogenous leukemia cells had decreased TREM-1 expressions (P<0.001). The TREM-1 mean ratio of MFI was 4.89±0.60 in patients who are in complete remission after Novartis's Gleevec therapy. Compared with CML patient groups, patients who are in complete remission after Gleevec therapy had rising TREM-1 expressions (P<0.01). TREM-1 expressions of patients who are in complete remission after Gleevec therapy were slightly lower than the healthy controls, but this did not reach significance. No significant difference in TREM-1 expressions was seen between AML and CML patient groups, male and female patient groups, and cells derived from peripheral blood and bone marrow of the same leukemia patients (p>0.1). In addition, the plasma sTREM-1 levels were measured by ELISA. sTREM-1 levels was 48.54±57.63pg/mL for AML group and 43.72±23.93pg/mL for CML group. Results indicated that plasma sTREM-1 levels significantly higher in AML and CML patients than that in healthy controls (P<0.01). However, there was no significant difference in plasma sTREM-1 levels observed in AML patient group compared with CML patient group, male patients group compared with female patients group, and plasma from peripheral blood compared with plasma from bone marrow of the same leukemia patients (p>0.1). An ongoing project focuses on the relationship between the function of TREM-1 and occurrence, progression and prognosis of myelogenous leukemia, advances will be reported in time. Conclusion TREM-1 expression on leukemia cells was significantly lower in patients with AML and CML than those in healthy controls and patients in complete remission had increased TREM-1 expression. Patients with AML and CML had increased plasma soluble TREM-1. The TREM-1 expression on leukemia cells had an inverse correlation with plasma sTREM-1 level in AML and CML patients. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Role of the Bone Marrow Examination among Undifferentiated Fever in Tropics

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Bone Marrow Biopsy ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspiration ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Bone Marrow Examination ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
P Value ◽  
Highly Sensitive

Background: Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy is one of the most important diagnostic tools for evaluation of undifferentiated fever. The positivity yield of these samples is highly specific that provides additional evidence for clinical decision making among the undifferentiated febrile cases. With this background we evaluated the bone marrow results of undifferentiated febrile cases for the last five years at B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal. The objective of the study was to measure the sensitivity of the bone marrow investigations among undifferentiated febrile cohort. Methods: A retrospective study was performed from January 2010 till December 2014 evaluating bone marrow reports. Completed request forms and the histopathological reports of the bone marrow specimens were reviewed. Statistical data was analyzed using SPSS 17 and p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results: Over the half decade 319 specimens were collected for bone marrow biopsy out of that 27% were requested for undifferentiated fever. The mean and median age of the biopsy performed patients was 35 and 31 years respectively. Among all biopsy samples 59% was adequate for evaluation however among the undifferentiated febrile cases biopsy samples only 45% was adequate for evaluation. The sensitivity of bone marrow biopsy was 34%. There were 714 bone marrow aspiration samples of that 84% was adequate for evaluation. The most common etiological diagnosis for the undifferentiated fever from the marrow evaluation was visceral leishmaniasis (53%). The sensitivity of the bone marrow aspiration and aspiration or biopsy for visceral leishmaniasis was 95% and 98% respectively. (p value 0.03) Conclusion: Bone marrow aspiration is highly sensitive and specific for the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis among the undifferentiated fever at tropics in Nepal.

scholarly journals BONE MARROW STUDY IN CASES OF HAEMATOLOGICAL DISORDERS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Atul C. Mujumdar ◽  
Dr. Akash C Chhabra
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspiration ◽  
Bone Marrow Examination ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Trephine Biopsy ◽  
Blood Picture ◽  
Hematological Disorders ◽  
Tissue Paper ◽  
Haematological Disorders

Introduction: There are various disorders in formation of blood in body. Bone marrow is one of them which involved variety of hematological and nonhematological disorders. Hematological disorders include myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN), acute leukemia, hemato-lymphoid neoplasm and nutritional deficiency diseases whereas nonhematological disorders include infectious diseases infiltrating the bone marrow such as parasitic infections, tuberculosis and metastatic deposits. Bone marrows present various diseases with various clinical symptoms with the involvement of blood but peripheral blood picture alone does not reflect the nature of disease process. Depending upon the suspected diagnosis from clinical features and peripheral blood examination, that indication for bone marrow examination can be done. Examination of Bone marrow is useful in the diagnosis of both hematological and non-hematological disorders. The most important techniques used for the diagnosis of hematological disorders are trephine biopsy and bone marrow aspiration. For the interpretation of the disorder of bone marrow history, clinical finding, peripheral blood picture and other laboratory findings are required. Usually Bone marrow aspiration (BMA) alone is sufficient for the diagnosis of nutritional anaemias, most of the acute leukaemias and Immune thrombocytopenias. Diagnosis such as Trephine biopsy provides important diagnostic information myelofibrosis, granulomatous disease and bone marrow infiltration. Bone marrow aspiration is useful in making out better individual cell morphology whereas biopsy is useful in bone marrow architectural pattern and distribution. Bone marrow is nor mocellular or hypercellula resulting from ineffective hematopoiesis, increased peripheral destruction and bone marrow invasion. Therefore, bone marrow examination is extremely helpful to identify the cause of pancytopenia. Aim: The main aim of this study is to evaluate the cytological and histological pattern of various hematological disorders in bone marrow aspiration and trephine biopsy respectively. Material and Methods: During the period of 1 year 100 patient with the cases of haematological disorders were included in this study. Routinely stain like Leishman stain is used for bone marrow aspiration. Haematoxylin and eosin stain is also used for trephine biopsy. For all the cases reticulocyte count, peripheral smears, sickling test and complete hemogram were done. Special stains PAS Stain (Periodic acid schiff) was done for all ALL, AML and gauchers disease. In ALL cases Block positivity is shown. In gauchers disease, a gaucher cell shows wrinkled tissue paper appearance with PAS positivity. Reticulin stain was done in myelofibrosis and metastatic deposits. In myelofibrosis, trephine biopsy shows increase in reticulin network with coarse fibrils. Result: In all the cases bone marrow aspiration was done and among them 40 cases trephine biopsy were done. Out of total patients 57 were male and 43 were female.  And the mean age was found as 32.6 years. The findings of the bone marrow were examination. At the time of study period 50% of the study have anemias and they are predominantly megaloblastic followed by aplastic/ hypoplastic anemias. Other three cases include two metastatic deposits and one storage disorder (Gaucher’s Disease). Conclusion: Bone marrow examination is important to diagnosis, prognosis or evaluate therapeutic response for a variety of hematologic and non-hematologic problems. Nowadays, Bone marrow aspiration & bone marrow biopsy are used routinely as diagnostic procedures because it is easier and does not require advance equipments. Therefore both the procedures are complementary to each other which are helpful in further investigation and management. Keywords: Bone marrow aspiration, Trephine biopsy, Pancytopenia, Megaloblastic Anemia

Pro- and Antiapoptotic Proteins Expression on Bone Marrow and Peripheral Blood CD34+Cells in Acute Leukemia (AL) Patients

Blood ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 118 (21) ◽  
pp. 4996-4996
Author(s):  
Elena E. Khodunova ◽  
Elena N Parovichnikova ◽  
Irina V. Galtzeva ◽  
Sergey M. Kulikov ◽  
Valeri G Savchenko
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Leukemia Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Donors ◽  
Cd34 Cells ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Blast Cells

Abstract Abstract 4996 It was shown that drug resistance, poor-risk cytogenetics and poor prognosis in AL is associated with high level of Bcl-2 expression and low Bax/Bcl-2 ratio (<0,3). Fas-antigen (CD95) as a protein triggering the extrinsic apoptotic pathway is differently expressed on hematopoietic precursors. More immature CD34+/CD38- AML blast cells have lower expression of Fas/Fas-L and lower Fas-induced apoptosis than CD34+/CD38+cells. CD34+/CD38− leukemia precursors also have a reduced sensitivity to daunorubicin in vitro and increased expression of multidrug resistance genes (mrp/lrp). CD34+ leukemia cells have not yet been properly characterized regarding the expression of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) which regulatory influence on hematopoiesis is now beeing extensively investigated. ACE expression on blast cells is high, but it's still unknown how CD34+ACE+ leukemia cells behave after chemotherapy. Recent publications indicate that CD34+ACE+ hematopoietic precursors transplanted into NOD/SCID mice contribute 10-fold higher numbers of multilineage blood cells than their CD34+ACE- counterparts. We have studied the dynamics of Bcl-2, Bax, CD95 and ACE expression on CD34+ cells in peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow (BM) in AL pts during treatment. PB and BM samples were collected before and on +36 day after chemotherapy. The antigens were detected by flow cytometry using monoclonal antibodies. We calculated 10 000 cells in each sample. 19 pts were included in the study: 10 - AML and 9 - ALL. The control group comprised 8 healthy donors. At time of diagnosis there were 40±5,7% of CD34+ cells in BM and 26±4,9% - in PB. There was no significant difference between AML and ALL. CD34+ cells in BM and PB of healthy donors constituted 1,6% and 0,27%, respectively. After induction therapy (+36 day) CD34+ cells decreased in BM to 6,1%±3,3 (p=0,0001), in PB to 3,7%± 2,7 (p=0,0008) in all pts. The data on antigens expression on CD34+ cells of BM and PB are presented in table 1 CD34+/Bcl-2+ CD34+/Bax+ CD34+/CD95+ CD34+/ACE+ BM PB BM PB BM PB BM PB AML pts n=10 0 day 38±11,6* 41±14 24,4±7,9 29,2±7,6* 16,4±8,5 23,2±7,8 21,7±9,5 20,8±8,7* 36 day 13,5±3,4** 23,7±5** 46,2±11,5 50,3±11 19,9±5,5 36,4±10 34±6,6 35±9,2** ALL pts n=9 0 day 36±11 33,7±12 46,2±9,4 37,4±3,7* 3,4±1,1* 7,1±2,5* 41±10,9 33,2±9,7* 36 day 18,4±5,8 26±8,9 38±11,8 40,5±10 26,2±9,1** 40,9±9,2** 34±10 62,8±10** Donors n=8 11,7±1,6 26,1±5,9 22,8±4 67,8±6,7 13,4±3,2 47,7±11,6 28±5,3 68,2±10,2 * − p<0.05 compare with donors ** − p<0.05 compare with day 0 CD34/Bcl-2 expression in BM in AML pts is significantly higher (p=0,04) at the diagnosis comparing with donors. CD34/Bcl-2 expression in PB in AML pts and in BM and PB in ALL pts is higher too, but not significantly. This expression level decreased substantially in BM and PB in AML pts on +36 day comparing with day 0 (p<0,05). We did not found significant changes in ALL pts. CD34/Bax expression in PB is significantly lower (p=0,003) both in AML and ALL pts in comparison with donors. In AML, not in ALL, chemotherapy caused augmentation of Bax expression in CD34+ BM and PB cells on +36 day. BM and PB CD34+ cells in donors had different expression characteristics of Bcl-2 and Bax, demonstrating much higher level of pro- and antiapoptotic markers in PB cells. On the contrast CD34+ leukemia cells in BM and PB had similar characteristics regarding CD34/Bcl-2 and CD34/Bax expression. This fact demonstrates the heterogeneity of donor CD34+cells in BM and PB and points that leukemia CD34+cells in BM and PB are rather similar. CD95 expression on CD34+ BM and PB before treatment is significantly lower (p=0,01, p=0,008) in ALL pts in comparison with donors, and this expression level increased after chemotherapy (p<0,05). CD34/CD95 expression in AML pts is similar with donors, and we didn't find changes after treatment. CD34/ACE coexpression in BM cells of leukemia pts and donors did not differ much at any time of evaluation. But CD34/ACE expression in PB cells of AML and ALL pts was much lower (p<0,05) than in donors and substantially increased on the day 36. So, our data demonstrate that Bcl-2, Bax, CD95 and ACE expression on CD34+ cells in AL pts and donors significantly differs. The chemotherapy provokes critical changes in CD34/CD95 expression in BM and PB in ALL pts, CD34/Bcl-2 expression in AML pts and ÑÂ34/ACE expression in PB in all AL pts. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Reductive regulation of BECN1 gene in adult Egyptian patients with do novo AML

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manal Fawzy Ghozlan ◽  
Botheina Ahmed Thabet Farweez ◽  
Nesma Ahmed Safwat ◽  
Noha Bassiouny Hassan ◽  
Walaa Ali Elsalakawy
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Egyptian Patients ◽  
Blast Cells ◽  
De Novo Aml

Abstract Background Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a clonal haematopoietic disease characterized by the proliferation of immature blast cells in the bone marrow and peripheral blood. Autophagy is an inherent cellular route by which waste macromolecules are engulfed within autophagosomes prior to their fusion with cytoplasmic lysosomes for degradation. The BECN1 gene encodes the Beclin-1 protein, which regulates autophagy. Few reports have investigated BECN1 gene expression and its value in AML patients. Results This randomized case-control study included 50 newly diagnosed AML patients, in addition to 20 subjects as a control group. BECN1 gene expression was assessed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The median level of BECN1 gene expression in AML patients was 0.41 (IQR 0.29–1.03) in comparison to 1.12 (IQR 0.93–1.26) in the control group (P = 0.000). Seventy-two percent of AML patients showed reduced BECN1 gene expression, which was highly significantly associated with intermediate and adverse cytogenetic risk. Reduced BECN1 gene expression was associated with older age, higher total leukocyte counts, the presence of peripheral blood blast cells, a higher percentage of bone marrow blast cells, and higher expression of CD34 and CD117. FLT3-ITD mutation was detected in 14 patients (38.9%), all of whom showed reduced BECN1 gene expression (P = 0.006). BECN1 gene expression was also reduced in non-responder AML patients, with a highly statistically significant difference (P = 0.002). Conclusion A reduction in BECN1 gene expression might indicate a poor prognosis in adult Egyptian patients with de novo AML. Decreased BECN1 gene expression is associated with a higher risk of resistance to treatment. Targeting autophagy pathways may help in the treatment of AML patients.

Expression of BECN1 gene in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Association with Hematological and Clinical Parameters

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Moustafa Ahmed ◽  
Manal Fawzy Ghozlan ◽  
Walaa Ali Mohamed ◽  
Nesma Ahmed Safwat ◽  
Noha Bassiouny Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fish Analysis ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Abstract Background In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), there is copy number loss in autophagic genes such as BECN1. Accordingly, decreased autophagy and the development of AML are related. BECN1 is a critical mediator that influences the onset and progress of autophagy. Objective To investigate the expression status of BECN1 gene in newly diagnosed adult AML patients and its association with various hematological parameters and clinical outcomes. Methods Case control study to study BECN1 gene expression variability between 50 newly diagnosed adult AML patients and 20 healthy age and sex matched controls, with follow up of the patients to detect its effect on induction therapy. All AML patients underwent full history taking, through clinical examination, laboratory investigations such as complete blood count (CBC) with examination of peripheral blood and bone marrow Leishman stained films, immunophenotyping, cytogenetic analysis (karyotyping/FISH analysis) and BECN1 gene expression analysis using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results In our study, a highly significant difference was found as regards reduced expression of BECN1 gene in patients group compared to control group. We also found reduced BECN1 gene expression in both intermediate and adverse risk groups compared to favorable risk group. Reduced expression of BECN1 gene was associated with increasing age and total leukocytic count (TLC), peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow (BM) blasts, the presence of FLT3-ITD mutation, CD34 and CD117 and in non-responders group. No statistically significant difference was found as regards haemoglobin (Hb) level, platelet (PLT) count and FAB subtypes. Conclusion Autophagy plays an important role in the pathogenesis of AML. Furthermore; the reductive regulation of the BECN1 gene may carry a poor prognosis and is associated with many well established bad prognostic factors especially FLT3-ITD mutation. Targeting autophagy pathways especially its major regulator (BECN1 gene) may become an effective and promising new line of therapy for AML patients.

scholarly journals CLINICAL ASSESSMENT OF PANCYTOPENIA IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD SMEARS IDENTIFIED IN PATIENTS FROM BIHAR REGION

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Vivek Kumar ◽  
Dr. Jaideo Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Megaloblastic Anemia ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspiration ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smear ◽  
Bone Marrow Examination ◽  
Peripheral Smear ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Function Test ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smears

The severity of pancytopenia and the underlying pathology determine the management and prognosis. [3] Thus, identification of exact cause will help in implementing appropriate therapy. The major diagnostic problems occur when there are no specific features in the peripheral smear to point the cause. In India the causes of pancytopenia are not well defined, so the present study has been undertaken to evaluate the various causes and to correlate the peripheral blood smear findings. The present study was planned in Department of Pathology, Anugrah Narayan Magadh Medical College, Gaya, Bihar from july 2017 to Dec 2017. Total 50 cases of the clinical suspicion of a hematological disorder and demonstrating pancytopenia in the peripheral blood smears were enrolled in the present study. All participants underwent a detailed history, clinical examination and investigations which included complete blood picture with red cell indices and peripheral smear, liver function test, renal function test, ultrasound abdomen and bone marrow examination in all cases. Cause of pancytopenia was ascertained and data was analysed on SPSS on the basis of etiology, clinical and haematological findings. The data generated from the present study concludes that systematic and thorough workup is required in patients presenting with pancytopenia, so that elimination of the cause is needed to treat the condition. Among them, megaloblastic anaemia and infections are early treatable and reversible. Keywords: Pancytopenia, Bone Marrow Aspiration, Megaloblastic Anemia, Hypo plastic Marrow, etc

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